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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

1991

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Articles 1 - 30 of 104

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Causes Of Diarrhea, Pneumonia, And Septicemia In Swine For 1991 Submissions To The Ksu Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (1991), R K. Frank, M W. Vorhies Jan 1991

Causes Of Diarrhea, Pneumonia, And Septicemia In Swine For 1991 Submissions To The Ksu Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (1991), R K. Frank, M W. Vorhies

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Causes of pre- and postweaning diarrhea, pneumonia, and bacterial septicemia in pigs were summarized for fiscal year 1991 (July, 1990 to June, 1991) for submissions to the Kansas State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Escherichia coli was the most common cause of both pre- and postweaning diarrhea in pigs (33.5% and 25.0%, respectively, of submissions for diarrhea). Other commonly diagnosed causes included transmissible gastroenteritis (24.4%) and coccidiosis (16.5%) for preweaning diarrhea, and proliferative enteritis (19.2 %) and salmonellosis (13.2 %) for postweaning diarrhea. The most commonly diagnosed causes of pneumonia in nursing, growing, and finishing pigs were Pasteurella multocida, Mycoplasma, and …

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The Effect Of Processed Soybeans And Added Energy In Calf Starters On The Growth Of Holstein Calves (1991), P. V. Reddy, J. L. Morrill Jan 1991

The Effect Of Processed Soybeans And Added Energy In Calf Starters On The Growth Of Holstein Calves (1991), P. V. Reddy, J. L. Morrill

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In Trial 1, 91 Holstein calves were fed starters containing either soybean meal (SBM), extruded soybeans (ESB), roasted soybeans (RSB), SBM+soy oil (SO), or SBM+rumen inert fat (RIF) from birth to 10 wk of age. There were no differences in overall feed consumption, except that calves fed RSB consumed more than calves fed SBM+SO. There were no significant differences in weight gains, but calves fed SBM+SO tended to gain less. In trial 2, 71 Holstein calves were fed starters containing roasted soybeans from birth to 10 wk of age. Three of the starters contained 18% protein and soybeans roasted at …

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Effects Of Aspergillus Oryzae Extract (Amaferm) On Ruminal Fibrolytic Bacteria And In Vitro Fiber Degradation (1991), A. A. Beharka, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 1991

Effects Of Aspergillus Oryzae Extract (Amaferm) On Ruminal Fibrolytic Bacteria And In Vitro Fiber Degradation (1991), A. A. Beharka, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effect of Amaferm on growth of pure cultures of ruminal cellulose-digesting, hemicellulose- digesting and pectin-digesting bacteria was determined. The addition of Amaferm to the growth medium increased the growth of Ruminococcus albus and Fibrobacter succinogenes. Amaferm had no effect on the growth of the other bacteria. Additionally, selective antimicrobial compounds were used to assess the influence of Amaferm on microbial contributions to in vitro fiber degradation. Amaferm appeared to stimulate fiber digestibility of only certain feedstuffs, and this increase in digestibility was attributed to its stimulation of bacterial activity. Amaferm did not appear to stimulate fungal activity.; Dairy Day, …

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Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin And Dietary Phosphorus On Growth And Bone Criteria In Gilts (1991), T L. Weeden, G E. Fitzner, J A. Hansen, K G. Friesen, M E. Johnston, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1991

Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin And Dietary Phosphorus On Growth And Bone Criteria In Gilts (1991), T L. Weeden, G E. Fitzner, J A. Hansen, K G. Friesen, M E. Johnston, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred-eight gilts with an average initial wt of 129 lb were utilized to determine the effects of porcine somatotropin (pST) and dietary phosphorus on growth performance and bone mineralization and mechanical properties during the finishing phase (129 to 230 lb) and a 35 d post-finishing phase. Gilts were injected daily with placebo (control) or 4 mg pST and fed diets containing .4, .8, or 1.2% P during the finishing phase. Administration of pST improved F/G 18%, increased ADG 8%, and decreased daily feed intake 9%. There was a quadratic response to P, because gilts receiving the .8% P diet …

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Space Requirements Of Finishing Pigs Fed To A Heavier Weight (Removed Individually) (1991), G E. Fitzner, David A. Nichols, Joe D. Hancock, Robert H. Hines Jan 1991

Space Requirements Of Finishing Pigs Fed To A Heavier Weight (Removed Individually) (1991), G E. Fitzner, David A. Nichols, Joe D. Hancock, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Space allowances of 6, 8, 10, and 12 ft2 were evaluated for pigs fed from 120 to 250 lb. The management system used was to remove pigs individually as they reached 250 lb, which provided increasing space per pig. Using this management system, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed effeciency improved linearly with increasing space allowance. Pigs allowed 6ft2 gained slower, ate less, and required more feed per lb of gain compared to pigs allowed 8, 10, and 12 ft2. Pigs permitted 8, 10, and 12 ft2 were similar in rate of gain, feed consumption, and feed …

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Seasonal Performance Of Finishing Heifers (1991), Michael R. Langemeier, J. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 1991

Seasonal Performance Of Finishing Heifers (1991), Michael R. Langemeier, J. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study examined the impact of date of feedlot placement on feed conversion, daily gain, and death loss. Results indicated that heifers placed on feed from September to December required more feed per pound of gain, had lower daily gains and higher death loss, and generally exhibited more variation in feeding performance than heifers placed during the rest of the year. Cattle feeders should take these performance variations into account when developing budgets and calculating breakeven sale prices for heifers.

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Timing Of Trenbolone Acetate Implants On Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Beef Quality Of Finishing Steer Calves (1991), G. L. Huck, Robert T. Brandt Jr., D.D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1991

Timing Of Trenbolone Acetate Implants On Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Beef Quality Of Finishing Steer Calves (1991), G. L. Huck, Robert T. Brandt Jr., D.D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Angus and Angus-cross calves (632 lb) were utilized in a finishing study to evaluate the effects of implanting with estradiol and progesterone (Synovex-S®) and(or) trenbolone acetate (Finaplix®) on performance of finishing steers. Over the entire finishing period (117 d), implanted steers had higher (P<.05) daily gains and were more efficient than nonimplanted steers. Carcasses from implanted cattle had heavier (P<.05) hot weights and larger (P<.05) ribeye areas. Steers implanted with Finaplix had larger (P<.05) ribeye areas than those implanted with Synovex only. Marbling scores and quality grades were not affected by implant treatments. Rib (9-10-11) sections from implanted steers were heavier (P<.05) as a result of both heavier (P<.05) bone and soft tissue weights. However, no differences in percentages of protein, fat, and moisture were detected by proximate analysis of the soft tissue. Concomitant use of Finaplix with Synovex-S did not affect performance of Angus and Anguscrossed steer calves.

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Performance Of Mid-Lactating Dairy Cows Fed A Grain Sorghum-Soybean Silage Base Diet (1991), H. Hartadi, L. Harbers, John E. Shirley, K. Bolsen Jan 1991

Performance Of Mid-Lactating Dairy Cows Fed A Grain Sorghum-Soybean Silage Base Diet (1991), H. Hartadi, L. Harbers, John E. Shirley, K. Bolsen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Whole-plant silage from intercropped grain sorghum and Williams 82 soybean was compared to corn silage in a mixed diet for mid-lactation dairy cows. Cows fed the grain sorghum-soybean silage yielded 45.13 lb and those fed corn silage yielded 44.05 lb of fat (4%)-corrected milk daily. Milk yield, milk fat, and milk lactose percentages were similar between cows fed the two silages. Protein and solids non-fat percentages for the cows fed the corn silage diet were .09 and .06 units greater than those of cows fed the grain sorghum silage. Cows fed the corn silage tended to gain more (+105.8 lb) …

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Southwest Research-Extension Center, Field Day 1991 Jan 1991

Southwest Research-Extension Center, Field Day 1991

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Report of agricultural research from Southwest Research-Extension Center of Kansas State University.

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Performance Of Holstein Calves From Three To Twelve Months Of Age (1991), J. Velazco, J. L. Morrill, Robert T. Brandt Jr., R. Schalles Jan 1991

Performance Of Holstein Calves From Three To Twelve Months Of Age (1991), J. Velazco, J. L. Morrill, Robert T. Brandt Jr., R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixty-four Holstein steers were used to study the effect of season and age on performance. Animals beginning the trial in spring were heavier (P.05) among seasons in average daily gain and feed conversion after 6 mo of age. Rate of growth was reduced after 9 mo of age for all seasons.; Dairy Day, 1991, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1991;

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The Influence Of Dietary Threonine On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Pst-Treated Finishing Pigs (1991), J L. Laurin, J A. Hansen, B R. Schricker, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1991

The Influence Of Dietary Threonine On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Pst-Treated Finishing Pigs (1991), J L. Laurin, J A. Hansen, B R. Schricker, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty crossbred barrows (initial wt = 131 lb) were utilized to determine the dietary threonine requirement of finishing pigs injected with porcine somatotropin (PST). Barrows were injected daily in the extensor muscle of the neck with either 4 mg pST or a placebo and fed diets containing either .45, .55, .65, or .75% threonine. All other amino acids, vitamins, and minerals were calculated to be at least double current requirements for finishing pigs so as not to limit performance. Pigs were housed in an open-sided building with two pigs per pen and five replications of the eight treatments. Feed and …

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Runoff Control From Dirt Lots (1991), Joseph P. Harner, James P. Murphy Jan 1991

Runoff Control From Dirt Lots (1991), Joseph P. Harner, James P. Murphy

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A recent water quality survey assessment found nonpoint source pollution problems in a majority of Kansas surface waters - 85% of the monitoring sites were impaired by nutrients, 60% of the sites by bacteria, 55% by suspended solids and/or minerals, and 40% by oxygen-demanding substances. Swine producers have the responsibility to maintain the quality of ground or surface water near their production units. Outdoor dirt lots for confinement of swine are often overlooked as an area needing facilities for water pollution control.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1991

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Evaluation Of Expelled Soybean Meal In Starter Diets (1991), C G. Mills, K G. Friesen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1991

Evaluation Of Expelled Soybean Meal In Starter Diets (1991), C G. Mills, K G. Friesen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Forty-eight weanling pigs (6.9 lb initial wt) were used in a 28-d growth study to determine the feeding value of expelled soybean meal (43% CP) as compared to conventionally extracted soybean meal (48.5% CP). Pigs were fed one of two dietary treatments containing either expelled soybean meal or conventional soybean meal. Both diets contained milo and 10% dried whey and were formulated to be slightly lysine deficient (.95%) to determine any potential differences in amino acid availabilities between the two soybean meals. From d 0 to 14, pigs fed conventional soybean meal had higher average daily gain (ADG) and average …

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Optimum Particle Size Of Corn And Hard And Soft Sorghum Grain For Nursery Pigs And Broiler Chicks (1991), B J. Healy, P J. Bramel-Cox, G A. Kennedy, Joe D. Hancock, Keith C. Behnke Jan 1991

Optimum Particle Size Of Corn And Hard And Soft Sorghum Grain For Nursery Pigs And Broiler Chicks (1991), B J. Healy, P J. Bramel-Cox, G A. Kennedy, Joe D. Hancock, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 240 weanling pigs (avg initial wt of 11.7 lb) was used to determine the effects of particle size of corn and two sorghum genotypes on growth performance. In addition to the pig feeding experiment, 420 broiler chicks (avg initial wt of .15 lb) were fed the same grain treatments to determine if they were a reliable model for the effects of diet particle size on nursery pig performance. Milling characteristics of the cereal grains were measured. Treatments were corn, hard endosperm sorghum, and soft endosperm sorghum, ground to particle sizes of 900, 700, 500, and 300 µm …

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Effects Of Soy Lecithin And Distilled Monoglyceride In Combination With Tallow On Nutrient Digestibility, Serum Lipids, And Growth Performance In Weanling Pigs (1991), D B. Jones, Joe D. Hancock, Charles E. Walker Jan 1991

Effects Of Soy Lecithin And Distilled Monoglyceride In Combination With Tallow On Nutrient Digestibility, Serum Lipids, And Growth Performance In Weanling Pigs (1991), D B. Jones, Joe D. Hancock, Charles E. Walker

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four hundred twenty pigs (21 d of age and 12.3 lb avg initial wt) were used to determine if adding soybean oil, lecithin, and monoglyceride to diets containing tallow affects nutrient digestibility, serum lipids, and growth performance. Treatments were: 1) a high nutrient density diet (HNOD) with 10% soybean oil; 2) HNDD with 10% tallow; 3, 4, and 5) diet 2 with 9% tallow and 1% soybean oil, lecithin, and monoglyceride, respectively. Adding soybean oil, lecithin, and monoglyceride to tallow increased digestibility of total fat, longchain saturated fatty acids, and medium-chain fatty acids, but reduced serum concentrations of triglycerides and …

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The Interactive Effects Of Pst And Salbutamol On The Lysine Requirement Of Finishing Pigs (1991), J A. Hansen, J L. Laurin, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1991

The Interactive Effects Of Pst And Salbutamol On The Lysine Requirement Of Finishing Pigs (1991), J A. Hansen, J L. Laurin, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A metabolism study was conducted to evaluate the interactive effects of daily pST injections and the β-agonist salbutamol on the lysine requirement of finishing pigs based on nitrogen retention. Sixteen finishing pigs (137 lbs initially) were exposed to one of four biological treatments for 32 d. These treatments were: 1) non-treated control; 2) 4 mg/d pST; 3) 2.75 ppm of dietary salbutamol; 4) both salbutamol and pST. Pigs were kept on the same biological treatment and offered one of four diets for an 8 d period in a Latin square arrangement. Diets were formulated to contain .8, 1.2, 1.6, and …

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Evaluation Of Expelled Soybean Meal In Starter Diets (1991), C G. Mills, K G. Friesen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1991

Evaluation Of Expelled Soybean Meal In Starter Diets (1991), C G. Mills, K G. Friesen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Forty-eight weanling pigs (6.9 lb initial wt) were used in a 28-d growth study to determine the feeding value of expelled soybean meal (43% CP) as compared to conventionally extracted soybean meal (48.5% CP). Pigs were fed one of two dietary treatments containing either expelled soybean meal or conventional soybean meal. Both diets contained milo and 10% dried whey and were formulated to be slightly lysine deficient (.95%) to determine any potential differences in amino acid availabilities between the two soybean meals. From d 0 to 14, pigs fed conventional soybean meal had higher average daily gain (ADG) and average …

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1991 Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service Jan 1991

1991 Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Increasing Levels Of Grain Supplementation For Intensive-Early Stocked Steers: Three-Year Summary (1991), R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, E.M. Clary, Clenton E. Owensby Jan 1991

Increasing Levels Of Grain Supplementation For Intensive-Early Stocked Steers: Three-Year Summary (1991), R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, E.M. Clary, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

During the initial 3 years of a 4-year experiment, average daily gain tended to increase in direct proportion to increasing levels of grain sorghum supplementation (2.3, 2.5 and 2.7 lb gain per day for the control and 2 and 4 lb supplement per day, respectively). The amount of grass remaining in the pastures at the end of the growing season (October 1) was greater in each of the 3 years when cattle were supplemented at 4 lb/day. During the 2 years (1989 and 1990) that feedlot performance was monitored, level of supplementation for grazing steers did not influence subsequent feedlot …

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Comparison Of Synovex-S® And Steer-Oid® In Finishing Yearling Steers (1991), Robert T. Brandt Jr., S.J. Anderson, J.K. Elliott Jan 1991

Comparison Of Synovex-S® And Steer-Oid® In Finishing Yearling Steers (1991), Robert T. Brandt Jr., S.J. Anderson, J.K. Elliott

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Synovex-S (SS) and STEER-oid (SO) were compared in a 122-d finishing study. No differences were observed over the entire study for animal performance or carcass traits. However, in the final period (d 91-122), steers implanted with SO gained 8.4% faster (P=.17) and 8.7% more efficiently (P=.10) than steers implanted with SS, suggesting that estradiol payout in this period was less diminished for SO implants. The importance of this finding is unknown, because it is generally recommended that steers fed for longer periods of time be reimplanted midway through the finishing period to maintain maximal implant response.

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Evaluation Of Revalor® Implants For Stocker-Finishing Steers (1991), Robert T. Brandt Jr., R.J. Grant, Ronald V. Pope Jan 1991

Evaluation Of Revalor® Implants For Stocker-Finishing Steers (1991), Robert T. Brandt Jr., R.J. Grant, Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Revalor® implants (containing trenbolone acetate plus estradiol) were evaluated in a grazing-finishing system using steers with a known previous implant history. Grazing gains were not improved by either Ralgro® or Revalor implants, suggesting that previously implanted steers may not respond to implants during a later growing phase. During the finishing phase, steers implanted with Revalor gained 5.4 to 8.0% faster (P<.05) than steers implanted with Synovex-S®. Gain efficiency in the finishing period was improved 4.8% (P<.10) for steers receiving no pasture implant and a Revalor implant during the finishing phase (0R), compared with steers receiving Ralgro/Synovex (RS) or Revalor/Revalor (RR) implants in the pasture/feedlot phases. Steers implanted with RR had larger (P<.05) ribeye areas than RS steers, with 0R steers intermediate. However, RR steers had a 20 percentage unit reduction (P<.05) in carcasses reaching the choice grade compared to RS steers. Revalor can improve steer feedlot performance, but multiple implantation may reduce quality grade.

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Effects Of Speed Of Ration Step-Up And Monensin On Ruminal Ph, Lactate, And Protozoal Population In Feedlot Cattle (1991), G. Towne, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 1991

Effects Of Speed Of Ration Step-Up And Monensin On Ruminal Ph, Lactate, And Protozoal Population In Feedlot Cattle (1991), G. Towne, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fluctuations in ruminal pH, lactate concentration, and ciliated protozoal population were monitored in 40 individually fed crossbred heifers that were stepped up to an 85% concentrate diet either slowly (12 d) or rapidly (3 d), with or without monensin (30 ppm). Speed of step-up affected ruminal pH, lactate concentration and protozoal population initially (up to 28 d), but thereafter no differences occurred between the groups, suggesting adaptation to ruminal conditions. Monensin had no effect on ruminal pH, lactate concentration, or protozoal population.

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Supplementation Of Ammoniated Wheat Straw In Wintering Diets Of Gestating Beef Cows (1991), T.J. Beck, D.D. Simms, Robert T. Brandt Jr., R.C. Cochran, Gerry L. Kuhl Jan 1991

Supplementation Of Ammoniated Wheat Straw In Wintering Diets Of Gestating Beef Cows (1991), T.J. Beck, D.D. Simms, Robert T. Brandt Jr., R.C. Cochran, Gerry L. Kuhl

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

During two winters, 96 beef cows in late gestation were utilized in 60-day precalving feeding trials to evaluate supplementation for cows fed ammoniated wheat straw. Treatments included: control--mineral supplement only (C), 3 lbs milo + mineral (3M), 6 lb milo + mineral (6M), and 2.75 lb milo + .75 lb soybean meal + mineral (SBM). 3M increased (P<.05) cow gain over control but body condition changes were similar. 6M and SBM resulted in similar gains and body weight changes, which were higher than those of cows receiving either C or 3M. Birth weight of calves, percent cycling at the start of breeding, and percent pregnant after a 60-day breeding season were not affected by treatment. Natural protein appears to be a major limiting nutrient in cows fed ammoniated wheat straw.

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Binding Agents For Low-Salt, Low-Fat, Restructured Beef Roasts: Fish Surimi And Beef Heart Or Skeletal Muscle (1991), P.B. Kenney, Donald H. Kropf, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 1991

Binding Agents For Low-Salt, Low-Fat, Restructured Beef Roasts: Fish Surimi And Beef Heart Or Skeletal Muscle (1991), P.B. Kenney, Donald H. Kropf, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Five percent fish surimi, unwashed or washed ground beef, and washed or unwashed beef hearts were evaluated in precooked, chunked and formed, restructured beef roasts to determine if they would increase bind in low-salt (0.2% NaCl) product. An industry-like product with 1.0% NaCl and 5% unwashed ground beef was prepared, as well as a product with 0.2% NaCl and no binder. Roasts without binder were comparable in texture and integrity to those prepared with binding agents. Washing ground heart improved the sensory traits, texture measured instrumentally, and oxidative stability of the resulting products. Color was more stable for roasts containing …

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Food Safety Consortium (1991), M. Vanier Jan 1991

Food Safety Consortium (1991), M. Vanier

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In recent years, food safety has become an issue of concern for the beef industry, beef processors, and the consuming public. Even though America has the safest and most wholesome food supply in the world, consumers are worried about the safety of the meat they eat. In response to reports of illness from contamination by both microbes and chemicals in the meat supply, the United States Congress, in 1988, authorized and funded a Special Grants Program in the United States Department of Agriculture called the Food Safety Consortium. The members of the Consortium are Kansas State University, the University of …

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Effects Of Maturity At Harvest And Cultivar On Agronomic Performance Of Forage Sorghum And The Nutritive Value Of Selected Sorghum Silages (1991), R.N. Sonon, R. Suazo, L. Pfaff, J.T. Dickerson, K.K. Bolson Jan 1991

Effects Of Maturity At Harvest And Cultivar On Agronomic Performance Of Forage Sorghum And The Nutritive Value Of Selected Sorghum Silages (1991), R.N. Sonon, R. Suazo, L. Pfaff, J.T. Dickerson, K.K. Bolson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

These studies examined the agronomic performance of 20 forage sorghum cultivars, each harvested at three stages of maturity in 1990. Whole-plant dry matter (DM) yields were highest at the late-dough stage of kernel maturity, whereas DM content and grain yields steadily increased as maturity advanced. A voluntary intake and digestion trial was conducted with 12 grain and forage sorghum silages harvested at the late-dough stage in 1989. The highest silage DM intakes and digestibilities were obtained with the high-grain yielding hybrids.

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Rate And Extent Of Top Spoilage Losses Of Alfalfa Silage Stored In Horizontal Silos (1991), J.T. Dickerson, Y. Niwa, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, C. Lin, J.E. Bradford Jan 1991

Rate And Extent Of Top Spoilage Losses Of Alfalfa Silage Stored In Horizontal Silos (1991), J.T. Dickerson, Y. Niwa, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, C. Lin, J.E. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Effects of covering, time, and depth from the surface on the rate and extent of top spoilage losses in alfalfa silages stored in horizontal silos were studied under pilot- and farm-scale conditions. Covering silages increased silage DM and nutrient recoveries, regardless of time or depth from the original surface, when compared to uncovered counterparts. Treatment x location x time interactions (P<.001) were observed for pH, lactic acid, and DM recovery in uncovered silages. By week 2 post-ensiling, significant deterioration had occurred in the top foot of uncovered silages, as evidenced by higher pH (7.36) and lower lactic acid (2.1% of the silage DM) and DM recoveries (85.6% of the DM ensiled). After week 4 post-ensiling, significant deterioration had occurred in the second foot from the surface, and it continued into the third foot after week 7. These data indicate that protecting the silage stored in the top 3 ft of horizontal silos immediately after filling should greatly increase storage efficiency.

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Predicting Nutritional Composition Of Corn Grain Using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (1991), G. Garcia-Lagombra, L.H. Harbers Jan 1991

Predicting Nutritional Composition Of Corn Grain Using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (1991), G. Garcia-Lagombra, L.H. Harbers

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Corn grain samples collected over several years were used to develop equations for dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, and ether extract (crude fat). Two computer models were used to select samples having a range of spectra (presumably a range of nutrient values) for developing calibration equations. Both methods selected an unexpectedly small number of samples; however, only the prediction of crude fiber appears questionable. Although coefficients of determination values are expected to be low with a small number of samples, standard errors of validation and prediction are consistently lower than those of standard (AOAC) methods, suggesting that the technology …

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On-Farm Feed Uniformity Survey (1991), C R. Stark, J A. Hansen, Robert D. Goodband, Keith C. Behnke Jan 1991

On-Farm Feed Uniformity Survey (1991), C R. Stark, J A. Hansen, Robert D. Goodband, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An on-farm feed manufacturing survey was conducted in conjunction with a mixer uniformity analysis. The survey collected information on producer size and type of operation, mixer type, manufacturing practices, and feed production. The survey represents 43 participants from across the U.S. Results indicate that 42% of the participants had mixer uniformity coefficients of variation of less than 10%, 47% were between 10-20%. and 11 % had CV's greater than 20%.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1991

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Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin Administration And Its Duration On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine Fed To 280 Lb (1991), M E. Johnston, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf Jan 1991

Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin Administration And Its Duration On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine Fed To 280 Lb (1991), M E. Johnston, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred eight barrows with an initial weight of 120 lb were utilized to determine the effects of porcine somatotropin (PST) administration period and duration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing swine fed to 280 lb. Pigs were injected daily in the extensor muscle of the neck with either a placebo or 4 mg pST. Treatments included: (A) placebo injection from 120 to 280 lb; (B) pST injection from 120 to 280 lb; (C) pST injection from 120 to 230 lb and then placebo injection from 230 to 280 lb; (D) placebo injection from 120 to 230 lb …

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