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- Dicotyledons (3)
- Endemism (2)
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- Antilles (1)
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- Callicarpa (1)
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- Endemic plant species (1)
- Enzyme variation (1)
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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
The Phytogeography And Ecology Of The Coastal Atacama And Peruvian Deserts, P. W. Rundel, M. O. Dillon, B. Palma, H. A. Mooney, S. L. Gulmon, J. R. Ehleringer
The Phytogeography And Ecology Of The Coastal Atacama And Peruvian Deserts, P. W. Rundel, M. O. Dillon, B. Palma, H. A. Mooney, S. L. Gulmon, J. R. Ehleringer
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
The Atacama and Peruvian Deserts form a continuous belt for more than 3500 km along the western escarpment of the Andes from northern Peru to northernmost Chile. These arid environments are due to a climatic regime dominated by the cool, north-flowing Humboldt (Peruvian) Current. Atmospheric conditions influenced by a stable, subtropical anticyclone result in a mild, uniform coastal climate nearly devoid of rain, but with the regular formation of thick stratus clouds below I 000 m during the winter months. Where coastal topography is low and flat, the clouds dissipate inward over broad areas with little biological impact. However, where …
The Flora Of The Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands, Mikio Ono
The Flora Of The Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands, Mikio Ono
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
The Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands are an oceanic island group more than 1000 km from the Japanese Archipelago. As in other isolated islands of the Pacific Ocean, their flora is rich in endemic taxa. These endemics are mostly either schizo- or aneuendemics and have chromosome numbers that are either identical to or slightly different from those of their adjacent relatives. Three genera, Callicarpa (Verbenaceae), Crepidiastrum (Compositae), and Pittosporum (Pittosporaceae), are discussed as examples of adaptive radiation within the Bonin Islands. These genera are dispersed by birds, which swallow the seeds and later deposit them in new areas. Like plants with similar …
Wood And Stem Anatomy Of Convolvulaceae, Sherwin Carlquist, Michael A. Hanson
Wood And Stem Anatomy Of Convolvulaceae, Sherwin Carlquist, Michael A. Hanson
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Quantitative and qualitative features of wood and stem anatomy are presented for 44 collections of 16 genera and 35 species ofConvolvulaceae. Markedly furrowed xylem characterizes the genera of tribe Cresseae. Successive cambia occur in 11 of the genera studied. Large patches of axial parenchyma occur in many of these; only in one species was interxylary phloem (formed internally by the cambium) observed in the parenchyma patches. Intraxylary phloem at the periphery of the pith is universal in Convolvulaceae, but newly reported is the fact that in many species, cambial activity adds secondary phloem to the intraxylary phloem strands. These cambia …
Distribution And Evolution Of Forms And Types Of Sieve-Element Plastids In The Dicotyledons, Dietmar Behnke
Distribution And Evolution Of Forms And Types Of Sieve-Element Plastids In The Dicotyledons, Dietmar Behnke
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Sieve-element plastids may contain any combination of protein crystals (c), protein filaments (f), and starch grains (s), or none of these. All structurally distinct combinations (=forms) possible (s, cs, cfs, c, cf, fs, f, o) are recorded among the 2100 dicotyledons investigated so far with the transmission electron microscope (representing 381 of more than 460 families described). The six forms that include c and/or f define the P-type and are found in some 620 species, mainly confined to Magnolianae, Caryophyllanae, Vitanae, and Rutanae (Fabales, Linales, Rhizophorales). A detailed family-by-family analysis and quantitative form-by-form comparison suggests that form-Ss plastids give rise …
Steps Toward A Natural System Of The Dicotyledons, Uwe Jensen
Steps Toward A Natural System Of The Dicotyledons, Uwe Jensen
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Nucleic acids and proteins provide useful characters for the elucidation of evolutionary relationships. Those protein molecules, e.g., legumins, which are subject to less influence of selection processes, have proven to be most valuable as diagnostic characters in phylogenetic studies. Three systematic investigations conducted using comparative serological legumin analyses are discussed as contributions aiding botanists' understanding of a natural system of classification.
Steps Toward A Natural System Of The Dicotyledons, Gertrud Dahlgren
Steps Toward A Natural System Of The Dicotyledons, Gertrud Dahlgren
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Embryological character states are mapped on the diagrams of dicotyledons (G. Dahlgren 1989). The often well-defined pattern of distribution forms a basis for discussing and clarifying phylogenetic relations. It is shown how numerous embryological characters, alone or in combinations, support certain systematic constellations, even if the character states may have arisen independently within a varying number of evolutionary lines. Characters presented are: anther wall formation; tapetum types; cells in pollen grains at dispersal; microsporogenesis; ovule morphology; ovule integuments; endothelium; obturator; parietal tissue; embryo sac formation; antipodal cells; hypostase, embryogeny; polyembryony; endosperm formation; persistence of endosperm; ruminate endosperm; endosperm haustoria; perisperm; …
Parallelism, It's Evolutionary Origin And Systematic Significance, K. Kubitzki, P. Von Sengbusch, H. Poppendieck
Parallelism, It's Evolutionary Origin And Systematic Significance, K. Kubitzki, P. Von Sengbusch, H. Poppendieck
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Parallelism as one of the forms of biological similarity is investigated in the light of recent findings from developmental and molecular biology. From the organismic point of view, functional constraints and evolutionary canalization are well established as causes of parallelism. To these may be added, from the molecular perspective, (a) erratic activations of repressed genes; (b) activations of alternative pathways under the influence ofhomoeotic genes; and (c) horizontal gene transfer, for which a simple mechanism is proposed. The control of gene expression through the action oftransposable elements, reversible to some degree, appears to be an evolutionarily important and frequent phenomenon, …
Germination Patterns In Dicotyledons, H. T. Clifford
Germination Patterns In Dicotyledons, H. T. Clifford
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Seedlings of about 3500 species of dicotyledons were classified as exhibiting either phanerocotylar or cryptocotylar germination. The percentages of cryptocotylar species in the orders as circumscribed by Dahlgren (J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 80:91-124, 1980) were calculated and grouped into five classes whose distributions were plotted onto a bubble-diagram. The resulting pattern revealed a concentration of cryptocotyly in primitive families thereby supporting the view that within the dicotyledons, cryptocotyly is the primitive germination pattern.
An Essay: Geoedaphics And Island Biogeography For Vascular Plants, A. R. Kruckerberg
An Essay: Geoedaphics And Island Biogeography For Vascular Plants, A. R. Kruckerberg
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
"Islands" of discontinuity in the distribution of plants are common in mainland (continental) regions. Such discontinuities should be amenable to testing the tenets of MacArthur and Wilson's island biogeography theory. Mainland gaps are often the result of discontinuities in various geological attributes-the geoedaphic syndrome of topography, lithology and soils. To discover ifgeoedaphically caused patterns of isolation are congruent with island biogeography theory, the effects of topographic discontinuity on plant distributions are examined first. Then a similar inspection is made of discontinuities in parent materials and soils. Parallels as well as differences are detected, indicating that island biogeography theory may be …
Genetic Variation In Endemic And Widespread Plant Species, Pamela S. Soltis, Douglas E. Soltis
Genetic Variation In Endemic And Widespread Plant Species, Pamela S. Soltis, Douglas E. Soltis
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
Population genetic theory and methodology were applied to the study of endemic plant species. Levels of genetic variability were compared between endemic species and their more widespread relatives. Six of seven narrowly distributed taxa of Saxifragaceae had significantly reduced genetic diversity relative to species of Saxifragaceae with broader distributions. Two endemic species of the fern Polystichum maintained significantly lower levels of genetic variation than did their more widespread congeners. The implications of these data and those reported for other endemic plant species for designing management strategies are also discussed.
Xchiranthofremontia, An Intergeneric Hybrid Of Chiranthodendron Pentadactylon And Fremontodendron 'Pacific Sunset', James Henrickson
Xchiranthofremontia, An Intergeneric Hybrid Of Chiranthodendron Pentadactylon And Fremontodendron 'Pacific Sunset', James Henrickson
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany
x Chiranthofremontia lenzii, an intergeneric hybrid between Chiranthodendron pentadactylon and Fremontodendron 'Pacific Sunset' (Sterculiaceae: Fremontodendreae), was made artifically and is described as a hybrid genus. It shows distinctive intermediacy in floral (particularly androecial) characteristics between the parental taxa.
The Species-Genus Relationship In Antillean Bat Communities, Donald A. Mcfarlane
The Species-Genus Relationship In Antillean Bat Communities, Donald A. Mcfarlane
WM Keck Science Faculty Papers
The ratio of the number of species to the number of genera in an island community has long been recognised as a potential proxy indicator of competitive interaction. An analysis of this relationship in the bat fauna of the Antillean archipelago demonstrates that the observed species-genus ratios are significantly depressed below null-model expectations, and that the magnitude of this depression is inversely proportional to the log of the appropriate island area. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that interspecific competition may play an important role in structuring Antillean bat communities.
Decreased Sprint Speed As A Cost Of Reproduction In The Lizard Scelopours Occidentalis: Variation Among Populations, Barry Sinervo, Richard Hedges, Stephen C. Adolph
Decreased Sprint Speed As A Cost Of Reproduction In The Lizard Scelopours Occidentalis: Variation Among Populations, Barry Sinervo, Richard Hedges, Stephen C. Adolph
All HMC Faculty Publications and Research
Decreased mobility of gravid females is thought to be an important cost of reproduction in lizards. We measured sprint speeds of female western fence lizards (Sceloporus occidentalis Baird and Girard) before and after they had oviposited. Females from two California populations were about 20% slower when gravid, females from an Oregon population were about 30% slower, and females from a Washington population were about 45% slower, compared to their speeds after recovering from reproduction. The decrease in sprint speed persisted for several weeks after oviposition, suggesting that reproduction impairs sprint performance by affecting body condition in addition to the burdening …