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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Stabilization/Solidification Of Organic Containing Wastes Using Organophilic Clay And Coal Fly Ash, Edith Lagoutte
Stabilization/Solidification Of Organic Containing Wastes Using Organophilic Clay And Coal Fly Ash, Edith Lagoutte
Theses
The relative merits of eight different coal fly ashes for use in the stabilization/Solidification of a waste containing both heavy metals and pentachlorophenol were investigated. Also studied, was the possible use of either untreated or treated (with hexade-cyl ammonium bromide) clay to enhance the stabilization of the organic. The sample composition was : 62% foundry baghouse dust (or 60% if 2% clay as added to the sample), 4.5% cement, 14% coal fly ash, 19.5% water. Pentachlorophenol was chosen as represen¬tative of the organic contamination. All tests were performed after curing the samples at 22°C, 98% Rh for 28 days. The …
Immunosuppression By Aflatoxin B1 In C57bl/6 Mice And Its Relationship With Neuroendocrine Mechanisms, Yasuhiko Hatori
Immunosuppression By Aflatoxin B1 In C57bl/6 Mice And Its Relationship With Neuroendocrine Mechanisms, Yasuhiko Hatori
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a secondary metabolite of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, is known for its potent carcinogenicity and immunosuppressive effects. It is also known that AFB1 toxicity appears in different degrees in different animal species and strains.
The present study was performed to reveal the involvement of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA) axis in the immunosuppressive effects of AFB1 on C57BL/6 mice. Splenic lymphocytes were assayed to investigate their phenotyping using flow cytometry, proliferative response against mitogen and allogenic lymphocytes, cytolytic cell activity, and IL-2 production. In addition, antibody-mediated immunocompetence was checked using sheep …
Book Reviews, Risk Editorial Board
Book Reviews, Risk Editorial Board
RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)
Reviews of the following books prepared by the editors of Risk on the topic of toxic tort litigation and/or public regulation of toxic substances:
Frank B. Cross, Environmentally Induced Cancer and the Law: Risks, Regulation and Victim Compensation, (1989).
Chemical Contamination and Its Victims: Medical Remedies, Legal Redress, and Public Policy (David W. Schnare & Martin T. Katzman, eds., 1989.
The Role of Science in Toxic Tort Litigation: Evaluating Causation and Risk: Drawn from Papers Presented at the TIPS Annual Meeting, August 1988, Toronto, Canada. Chicago, Ill: Tort and Insurance Practice Section, American Bar Association.
Quantitative Determination Of Formaldehyde In Ambient Air, Wen-Shao Chou
Quantitative Determination Of Formaldehyde In Ambient Air, Wen-Shao Chou
Theses
Formaldehyde has been shown in the laboratory to play a critical role in the chemistry of polluted air. The method which we discuss in this paper was evaluated under practical field conditions in the Northern New Jersey Staten Island Urban Air Toxics Project. Formaldehyde in ambient air is concentrated and derived by passing a known quantity of air through a silica column impregnated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). The silica is eluted with acetonitrile and the concentration of formaldehyde is determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC) with UV detection. A description of procedural details for coating silica cartridges with 2,4-DNPH acidified …
Benzo(A)Pyrene Ingested From Composite Meals : Analysis And Method Development Related To Total Human Exposure, Che-Han Hsu
Benzo(A)Pyrene Ingested From Composite Meals : Analysis And Method Development Related To Total Human Exposure, Che-Han Hsu
Theses
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons including benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) have been known for many years to be environmental carcinogen. Moreover, B(a)P has often been used as an indi¬cator for the carcinogenic potency of environmental matter. One of its exposure pathways, ingestion, may possibly be more important than other routes, conventionally studied such as inhalation. The purposes of this thesis are 1) to analyze the B(a)P concentrations in weekly composite and some daily meals obtained in the Total Human Exposure to Environmental Substances (THEES) study, 2) to develop techniques which can measure the levels of B(a)P in foods accurately and effici¬ently, 3) to compare …
Degradation Of Refractory Organic Pollutants In Tar, Water And Soil Matrices By Ozone Or Hydrogen Peroxide With Ultraviolet Light, Liang-Jiun Uang
Degradation Of Refractory Organic Pollutants In Tar, Water And Soil Matrices By Ozone Or Hydrogen Peroxide With Ultraviolet Light, Liang-Jiun Uang
Theses
The objective of this research is to develop a method to degrade refractory Tar materials, higher molecular weight 3-5 ring Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH's) or degrading these highly refractory PAH structures so that they are amenable to further treatment by biological or chemical methods. The process utilized to achieve this is to treat contaminated soils or tar materials with hydrogen peroxide or ozone plus ultraviolet light. Analysis of 27 specific PAH's was done by gas chromatograph (Flame Ionization Detection) for the reactants and products. The contaminated soil showed significantly lower levels of these PAH's after treatment.
Introduction: Structural Properties For Determining Mechanisms Of Toxic Action, Steven P. Bradbury, Robert L. Lipnick
Introduction: Structural Properties For Determining Mechanisms Of Toxic Action, Steven P. Bradbury, Robert L. Lipnick
Steven P. Bradbury
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), under a variety of Federal legislation, is charged with the responsibility of assessing the hazards of chemicals to human health and the environment. In some cases EPA incorporates predictive techniques in its decisionmaking processes. In the context of some statutes, predictive toxicological methods can be cost-effective components in an overall approach for prioritizing chemicals for in-depth toxicological investigation. Predictive approaches are also used where empirical toxicological data are either unavailable or not required under a specific statute. For example, under Section 5 of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), EPA's Office of Toxic Substances …
Influence Of Cytochrome P450 Mixed-Function Oxidase Induction On The Acute Toxicity To Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) Of Primary Aromatic Amines, Steven P. Bradbury, Joop L. M. Hermens, Steven J. Broderius
Influence Of Cytochrome P450 Mixed-Function Oxidase Induction On The Acute Toxicity To Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) Of Primary Aromatic Amines, Steven P. Bradbury, Joop L. M. Hermens, Steven J. Broderius
Steven P. Bradbury
The influence of enzyme induction on the acute toxicity of aniline and 4-chloroaniline to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) was investigated. For these two xenobiotics, bioactivation reactions are known to occur in mammals. Induction of cytochrome P450 mixed-function oxidase was obtained by intraperitoneal (ip) injection of trout with a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclor 1254). Five days after ip injection with three different doses of Aroclor 1254 (50. 100. and 200 mg/kg). benzo[a)pyrene hydroxylase activity in trout liver microsomes increased five- to sixfold. Cytochrome P450 concentrations in the microsomes were slightly. but significantly. enhanced in two of the three dose levels. …
The Accumulation And Run-Down Of Dieldrin In Wethers Grazed On Paddocks Previously Treated With Dieldrin, Tony Albertsen, Roy Casey, Keith Croker
The Accumulation And Run-Down Of Dieldrin In Wethers Grazed On Paddocks Previously Treated With Dieldrin, Tony Albertsen, Roy Casey, Keith Croker
Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4
In mid 1987, the organochlorines (O/Cs) DDT, dieldrin, heptachlor and chlordane were deregistered for agricultural and horticultural use in Australia. These chemicals had been used widely, and land on several hundred Western Australian farms, particularly where potatoes had been grown, was contaminated with chemical residues. Livestock grazing pastures on such land was also contaminated, and our beef exports were threatened. In 1988, the Western Australian Department of Agriculture started a two-year project to collect information from sheep which were grazed on land that had previously been treated with O/Cs, particularly dieldrin. The levels of O/Cs in body and wool fats …
Copper Accumulation By Gizzard Shad (Dorosoma Cepedianum) In The Charleston Side Channel Reservoir, Mark T. Christ
Copper Accumulation By Gizzard Shad (Dorosoma Cepedianum) In The Charleston Side Channel Reservoir, Mark T. Christ
Masters Theses
Exposure to trace heavy metals is being extensively studied in relation to their adverse and toxic effects on organisms. Processes affecting compartmentalization, biogeochemical cycling, and transport of trace metals in ecological systems must be elucidated if the impact of trace metal releases on biota are to be understood. Because elemental cycles are often closely linked to hydrologic processes, freshwater and marine systems serve as both vectors and sinks for trace metals in the environment. The regular addition of a heavy metal into an aquatic ecosystem will undoubtedly increase its persistance for availability to the existing biota. Once in the environment, …