Life Sciences Commons^™

Distribution Of Vertebrates Of The Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area, Stanley H. Anderson, Wayne A. Hubert, Craig Patterson, Alan J. Redder, David Duvall

Great Basin Naturalist

During a survey of the vertebrates in the Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area, 46 mammal, 210 bird, 9 reptile, 5 amphibian, and 28 fish species were found. Habitat structure and moisture were two environmental variables associated with species numbers across this 1,820-ha area. Eight distinct habitats were evaluated. In coniferous forests, 27% of the birds and 54% of the mammals were observed. Sagebrush/grasslands and upland shrublands were very arid and had relatively few vertebrates. Five introduced game birds occurred in sagebrush habitat. Riparian and wetland habitats had the largest number of unique vertebrates, 38 and 77 respectively. The establishment of …

Pollination Ecology In The Southwest, Beryl B. Simpson, John L. Neff

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Comparisons of the pollination biology of members of a number of genera (Prosopis, Helianthus, Opuntia, and Krameria) widespread in the arid American Southwest are made between sites in the Sonoran Desert of southern Arizona and the dry oak-juniper grasslands of central Texas. As in the majority of cases studied to date in the dry regions of the Southwest, solitary bees are the dominant pollinators in all of the systems examined. Rich arrays of oligolectic bees are associated with Prosopis, Helianthus, and Opuntia, but none with Krameria which offers oils rather than pollen and nectar …

Diagonal And Tangential Vessel Aggregations In Wood: Function And Relationship To Vasecentric Tracheids, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The list of families with diagonal ("dendritic" or " flamelike" of other authors) patterns of vessel aggregation is similar to the list of families that have vasicentric tracheids. This paper attempts to deal with apparent exceptions. Because of recent reports of vasicentric tracheids, the families with diagonal vessel aggregations are all also on the list of families with vasicentric tracheids with the exception of four families. Genera of those four families are studied to see if a relationship between vasicentric tracheids and diagonal vessel aggregations does hold. Of the families not on both lists, Leitneriaceae (Leitneria), Melastomataceae ( …

Wood Anatomy Of Martniaceae And Pedaliaceae, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Quantitative and qualitative features are reported for one species of Martynia (Martyniaceae) and for seven species of six genera of Pedaliaceae. The inclusion of woody annuals as well as of shrubs provides a broader picture ofPedaliaceae than hitherto available. The wood features of Martyniaceae and Pedaliaceae (listed in the Systematic Conclusions) are compatible with placement of these families in Scrophulariales (Bignoniales). Ifindividual features of the two families are compared with those of other families of the order, however, no one family can be cited as more closely related to Martyniaceae and Pedaliaceae than any other. Martyniaceae is not necessarily the …

Systematics Of Nama (Hydrophyllaceae): Seed Coat Morphology Of Lemmonia Californica Ajd Nama Species Allies With Nama Demissum, John D. Bacon

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Seed coat morphology of Lemmonia californica. long held to be a relative of Nama, was examined using scanning electron microscopy. Its seed coat exhibits reticulum cells with undulate cell walls and columnar radial wall thickenings. Seed coat structure in nine species of Nama, N. demissum, N. aretioides, N. densum, N. parviflorumm, N. pusillum, N. depressum, N. dichotomum, N. sericeum and N. origanifolium, members forming one of six seed groups in Nama, also exhibit reticulum cells with undulate walls and columnar wall thickenings. The Nama species and Lemmonia are remarkably similar in testa organization, suggesting that the relationship …

A New Species Of Carex (Cyperaceae) From Western South America And A New Combination In The Genus, Gerald A. Wheeler

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

A new species of Carex (Cyperaceae) is described from western South America. Carex pleioneura (sect. Foetidae) occurs in central Chile and west-central Argentina, where it grows on rocky slopes, among rocks bordering streams, and in mountain meadows (vegas). A new combination in South American Carex. C. longii var. meridionalis (sect. Ovales), is also made here.

Revision Of The Genus Anoda (Malvaceae), Paul A. Fryxell

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

A revision of the genus Anoda is presented that recognizes 23 species, of which ten are described as new. The genus includes annual herbs, subshrubs, and occasionally shrubs and occurs from the southern United States to Bolivia, Argentina, and Chile. Most of this distributional range, however, is accounted for by a single species, A. cristata, which also occurs as an adventive in a few other parts of the world. The genus is principally Mexican, all of the species occurring within that country. Anoda is closely allied to the genus Periptera, also a Mexican genus, and the two genera share …

Wood Anatomy Of Placothira (Loasaceae), Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Wood anatomy of the single species of Plakothira, a recently discovered genus from the Marquesas Islands, is described qualitatively and quantitatively. Features new for the family include presence of vasicentric scanty axial parenchyma and presence of perforated ray cells. Plakothira has several wood features specialized for Loasaceae: vasicentric axial parenchyma, extremely reduced borders on fibertracheids, and storying in fiber-tracheids. Wood of Plakothira is clearly loasaceous. Storying in fibertracheids is reported here for the loasaceous genera Fuertesia and Mentzelia. Wood anatomy of Plakothira represents paedomorphosis in great length of vessel elements, erectness of ray cells, lack of change in large primary …

Pliocene Nothofagus Wood From The Transantarctic Mountains, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Subfossil wood fragments up to 10 cm long and 2 cm in diameter recovered from a locality thought on the basis of diatom deposits to be upper Pliocene-lower Pleistocene (Oliver Bluffs, Sirius Formation, 85°10'S., between 1800 and 1900 m in the Transantarctic Mountains) were sectioned for identification. Degradation prevented observation of some wood features, but others were well preserved. All of the fragments appear to represent one species. Features of growth rings (ring porous, vessels mostly solitary in earlywood), rays (predominantly uniseriate, both erect and procumbent cells common), vessel perforation plates (simple, at least in earlywood), lateral wall pitting of …

Astralagus Ertterae (Fabaceae), A New Species From The Southern Sierra Nevada, Rupert C. Barneby, James R. Shevock

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Astragalus ertterae, a new species from pinyon pine woodlands, southern Sierra Nevada, Kern County, California, is described and illustrated. This remarkable new species is morphologically closest to A. bicristatus in sect. Bicristati but differs in its dwarf stature, pilose indumentum, short peduncles, somewhat smaller flowers, and especially in a pod only half as long and proportionately twice as plump.

Chromosome Numbers And Evolution In Anoda And Periptera (Malvaceae), David M. Bates

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Relationships within and between the principally North American, malvaceous genera Anoda and Periptera are assessed through analysis of chromosomal and hybridization data. Chromosome numbers are reported for ten species of Anoda and one of Periptera, and observations on meiosis in hybrid and non hybrid plants are presented. The results indicate: I) that Anoda and Periptera are closely related and occupy a relatively isolated position in the tribe Malveae, 2) that speciation in Anoda has occurred primarily at the diploid level, n = 15 , although A. crenatiflora is tetraploid and A. cristata includes diploids, tetraploids, and hexapJoids, and 3) that …

Nothoscordum Montveidense Sensu Lato: New Polyploid Cototypes From Argentina, Leopoldo Montes, Maria Celia Nuciari, Raúl Horacio Rodríguez

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Two natural cytotypes of the Nothoscordum montevidense complex are described for the southeastern region of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. The cytotypes are 2n = 6x = 24 and 2n = 8x = 32 with metacentric chromosomes (m). Cytological and morphological evidence indicates that these cytotypes belong to N. montevidense ssp. latitepalum, although this subspecies is 2n = 4x = 16m. The probable origin of these cytotypes is discussed.

Brongniartia Sousae (Fabaceae: Fabiodeae), A New Species From The Isthmus Of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca Mexico, Oscar Dorado

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

A new species, Brongniarlia sousae, endemic to the region of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico, is described and illustrated. Its affinities with B. parvifolia Rose are discussed and habitat data are given.

Effects Of Mineral Nutrition On Components Of Reproduction In Clarkia Ungucilata, Frank C. Vasek, Vincent Weng, Robert J. Beaver, Charles K. Huszar

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of nutritional level and flower location on factors related to flower, pollen, and ovule production, and to determine what developmental patterns would be modified to mediate any observed changes. Plants subjected to high nutrient levels developed larger leaves, more branches, more flowers on both the main stem and the branches, and opened their first flowers 6 days sooner than plants at lower levels of nutrients. Total flower number increased from 72.2 to 626.8 per plant, with most of the increase produced on the primary branches. The number of pollen grains in the …

More New Astragali From Turkey, Kit Tan, F. Sorger

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Nine new species of Astragalus representing four sections of the genus are described from central, south and east Anatolia and illustrated.

Potato Cyst Nematode, J M. Stanton

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

For many years, Australia has been the only large land mass in the world in which potato cyst nematode has not been found. However, in 1986, potato cyst nematode was found on four properties at Munster 10km south of Perth, Western Australia.

Potato cyst nematode is a minute worm like organism which attacks the roots of several plant species including potatos, causing very high yield losses. It is a very serious pest of potatoes throughout the world and strict quarantine controls are enforced in countries and potato-growing areas froo of nematode.

Field Peas In The Wheatbelt, R J. French

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Plantings of lupins in the Western Australian wheatbelt increased rapidly in the late 1970s and early 980s as improved varieties became available and farmers realised the benefits to be gained from growing grain legumes. Grain legumes are useful not simply as alternative cash crops. They provide 'fixed' atmospheric nitrogewn to following cereal crops and act as a cleaning crop to break cereal disease cycles. They are also valuable sheep feed.

In 1975, throughout the wheatbelt, the Department of Agriculture began a comparison of several alternative legumes. The crops included field peas, faba beans, chickpeas, lentills and various vetches. Field peas …

Status Report Of The Fern Woodsia Scopulina In Arkansas, James H. Peck, Carol J. Peck

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Discovery Of Lycopodium Communities In The Gulf Coastal Plain Region Of Arkansas, James H. Peck, Carol J. Peck, Steve L. Orzell, Edwin Bridges, Carl Amason

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Clover Infertility Of Sheep : Continuing Problem, N R. Adams, Keith Croker

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Some varieties of subterranean clover, notably Dinninup, Dwalganup and Yarloop, contain compounds which act like the female sex hormone oestrogen. These plant oestrogens, or "phyto-oestrogens", interfere with the fertility of sheep and depress the percentage of lambs born.

Over the past 10 years our understanding of clover infertility has increased, and we can now gauge the extent of this residual problem. In fact, there is a widespread but low-level incidence of infertility which does not greatly affect individial farms but which has an important impact on the State's sheep production.

Trends In Wheat Protein/Yield Relationships, G B. Crosbie, Harry Fisher, Bryan Whan

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The major concern of wheat breeders in WesternAustralia has been to increase grain yield while maintaining quality at an acceptable level. There has been no concious effort to select for protein content. It is of interrest, therefore, to compare the relationship between yield and protein of varieties which have been prominent in Western Australia at various times, to see what effects yield increases have had on protein content and the extent of any variation which might exist.

Wood Anatomy Of Nolanaceae, Sherwin Carlquist

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Wood of seven collections of six species of Nolana, a genus (18 spp.) of the central western coast of South America was studied for quantitative and qualitative features. The wood is ring porous, with moderately wide vessels bearing simple perforation plates and alternate pits with some grooves interconnecting slitlike pit apertures. Imperforate tracheary elements are fiber-tracheids with vestigial borders on pits or libriform fibers; vasicentric tracheids (reported for Nolanaceae for the first time) are present in varying numbers. Axial parenchyma is vasicentric scanty (sometimes absent), sometimes with tangential bands that may be terminal in part. Rays are both multiseriate and …

New Or Noteworthy Species Of Flowering Plants From The Sierra Madre De Sur Of Guerrero And Michoacán, Mexico, Paul A. Fryxell, Stephen D. Koch

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

The Sierra Madre del Sur of Pacific coastal Mexico has been of limited accessibility and therefore not well explored botanically. Only G. B. Hinton and E. Langlasse have made significant collections from the area. More recent collections by the authors have resulted in the recognition of nine new species, described herein as follows: Acanthaceae—Elytraria rnexieana; Malvaceae—Bastardiastrurn batesii, Gossypiurn schwendirnanii, Hibiscus zygornorphus, Kosteletzkya flavicentrum, Periptera lobelioides, Sida fastuosa, and Sida prolifiea; and Tumeraceae—Piriquetia mexieana. Other species meriting specific comment include Dioseorea insignis (Dioscoreaceae), Anotea flavida (Malvaceae), and Helieteres rekoi …

New Species, Combinations, And Notes In Ipomopsis (Polemoniaceae), James Henrickson

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Ipomopsis wendtii and Ipomopsis aggregata subsp. carmenensis are described as new from the Sierra del Jardín and Sierra del Carmen in northern Coahuila, Mexico, Ipomopsis pringlei is recognized as specifically distinct from Ipomopsis macombii. Gilia calothrysa is considered synonymous with I. macombii, and Ipomopsis effusa is reported as new to the floras of California and the United States.

Pollen Morphology Of The New Species Mimulus Shevockii And A Possibly Related Species, M. Barbatus (Scrophulariaceae), Charles L. Argue

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The pollen grains of Mimulus shevockii and M barbatus have three long, equally spaced, meridionally oriented apertures with transversely ruptured membranes, and the pollen walls are microreticulate with smooth muri. The pollen evidence (pollen size and shape, rupturing pattern and ornamentation of the aperture membrane, size and spacing of lumina, and ornamentation of muri) is applied to comparisons between the pollen of M shevockii and that of other species in section Paradanthus. These data are consistent with a proposed relationship between M shevockii and M barbatus of the M rubellus/M palmeri group.

A Survey Of The Vascular Plants Of Norway Dunes, Janet Boe

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Norway Dunes, a 320-acre preserve located in Kittson County, Minnesota, and owned by The Nature Conservancy, is named for the parabolic sand dunes found within its boundaries. These dunes are covered with oak sand savanna, a natural community that is threatened in Minnesota. This oak sand savanna harbors four plant species that are also threatened or of special concern in the state. A deciduous forest and four types of wetlands are other natural communities on the preserve. During a vascular plant survey of the tract, 207 species were collected. Some of these species represent range extensions within the state.

Additions And Confirmations To The Algal Flora Of Itasca State Park I. Desmids And Diatoms From North Deming Pond, Huan Ngo, Gerald W. Prescott, David B. Czarnecki

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The summer desmid and diatom flora of North Deming Pond in lake Itasca State Park is presented. One hundred sixty desmid taxa representing 23 genera are recorded. Of these, 15 taxa appear to be park records and 82 are apparently Minnesota records. The desmid genera, Closterium, Cosmarium, Euastrum, Micrasterias, Pleurotaenium, and Staurastrum display the most taxa. The 136 diatom taxa recorded represent 27 genera. More than half of the taxa are assignable to the genera Eunotia, Navicula, Neidium, and Pinnularia. Given the brief and cursory nature of this study, the taxomic representation of these algae indicates high species richness and …

Range Extensions For Orchis Spectabilis, Corallorhiza Trifida, And C. Striata In Minnesota, Charles I. Argue

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The Showy Orchis, the Striped Coral-root, and the Early Coral-root are reported as new additions to the orchid flora of Otter Tail County. The records for the first two species provide notable range extensions within Minnesota and represent, respectively, the most northern and southwestern localities thus far recorded for these species in the state

Growth And Mortality Of Shoots In Three Populations Of Typha Glauca Godr., John Michael Penko, Douglas C. Pratt

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

A double sampling technique and permanent quadrats were used to monitor seasonal changes in shoot density and aboveground standing crop in three Minnesota Typha glauca populations. Shoot growth began several weeks later in stands located in floating mats (Boot Lake and Cedar Creek) relative to a nonfloating stand (Lauderdale). Mortality reduced shoot density by 10.8% at Boot Lake, 6.3% at Cedar Creek, and by 53% at Lauderdale. Shoot death was largely confined to smaller than average shoots at Boot Lake and Cedar Creek. At Lauderdale many relatively large shoots were killed by a lepidopteran stem borer (Archanara oblonga Grt.) or …

Acknowledgments, Stanley L. Welsh, N. Duane Atwood, Sherel Goodrich, Larry C. Higgins

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.