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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Effect Of Coal Combustion By-Products On Phosphorus Runoff From A Coastal Plain Soil, Keisha N. Johnson, Arthur L. Allen, Peter J. A. Kleinman, Fawzy M. Hashem, Andrew N. Sharpley, William L. Stout
Effect Of Coal Combustion By-Products On Phosphorus Runoff From A Coastal Plain Soil, Keisha N. Johnson, Arthur L. Allen, Peter J. A. Kleinman, Fawzy M. Hashem, Andrew N. Sharpley, William L. Stout
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Coal combustion by-products can lower soil phosphorus (P) solubility, but few studies have assessed their effect on runoff P. A soil with elevated P content was amended with fluidized bed combustion ash, flue gas desulfurization gypsum, and anthracite refuse ash at rates of 0–40 g kg−1 soil, and runoff from small plots was monitored over 3 years. In the first year, by-products lowered dissolved P in runoff by up to 47% below the untreated control; however, effects did not persist into the remaining years of the study. Total P losses were not significantly affected by coal combustion by-products, likely …
Groundwater Nutrient Concentrations During Prairie Reconstruction On An Iowa Landscape, M.D. Tomer, K.E. Schilling, C.A. Cambardella, P. Jacobson, P. Drobney
Groundwater Nutrient Concentrations During Prairie Reconstruction On An Iowa Landscape, M.D. Tomer, K.E. Schilling, C.A. Cambardella, P. Jacobson, P. Drobney
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
One anticipated benefit of ecosystem restoration is water quality improvement. This study evaluated NO3-N and phosphorus in subsurface waters during prairie establishment following decades of row-crop agriculture. A prairie seeding in late 2003 became established in 2006. Wells and suction cup samplers were monitored for NO3-N and phosphorus. Nitrate-N varied with time and landscape position. Nondetectable NO3-N concentrations became modal along ephemeral drainageways in 2006, when average concentrations in uplands first became <10mg NO3-N L−1. This decline continued and upland groundwater averaged near 2mg NO3-N L−1 after 2007. The …
Enzymatic Quantification Of Phytate In Animal Manure, Zhongqi He, Heidi W. Waldrip, C. Wayne Honeycutt, M. Susan Erich, Zachary N. Senwo
Enzymatic Quantification Of Phytate In Animal Manure, Zhongqi He, Heidi W. Waldrip, C. Wayne Honeycutt, M. Susan Erich, Zachary N. Senwo
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Phytate (inositol hexaphosphate) has been identified as a major organic phosphorus (P) form in soil, animal manure, and other environmental samples. Although a number of methods are available for quantitative isolation and determination of phytate, they are time-consuming and not amenable to routine analysis. We developed a simple, rapid method for enzymatic determination of phytate in animal manure. Animal manure was extracted by H2O, 1M hydrochloric acid (HCl), 0.1M sodium acetate (NaOAc, pH5.0) with or without 0.05M ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), and 0.25M or 0.5M sodium hydroxide (NaOH)–0.05M EDTA. Extracts were diluted (1/10–1/150) and adjusted to pH5.0 in sodium acetate …
Epic Evaluation Of The Impact Of Poultry Litter Application Timing On Nutrient Losses, H. Allen Torbert, Thomas J. Gerik, Wyatte L. Harman, Jimmy R. Williams, Melanie Magre
Epic Evaluation Of The Impact Of Poultry Litter Application Timing On Nutrient Losses, H. Allen Torbert, Thomas J. Gerik, Wyatte L. Harman, Jimmy R. Williams, Melanie Magre
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Recently, changes in the utilization practices of animal manures for fertilization have been encouraged to reduce the potential of nonpoint pollution of lakes and streams from agricultural land. However, the potential impact of changing some of these practices has not been fully studied. The objective of this study was to examine the potential impact of limiting poultry litter application times on nutrient movement important to water quality. The WinEPIC model was used to simulate poultry litter applications during the winter months and chemical fertilizer application, with both cool season and warm season grass pastures on the major soil regions of …
Effect Of Drying On Phosphorus Distribution In Poultry Manure, Heidi W. Dail, Zhongqi He, M. Susan Erich, C. Wayne Honeycutt
Effect Of Drying On Phosphorus Distribution In Poultry Manure, Heidi W. Dail, Zhongqi He, M. Susan Erich, C. Wayne Honeycutt
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Laboratory drying may alter manure phosphorus (P) distribution. The effects of freeze, air (22 °C), and oven (65 °C) drying on sequentially fractioned poultry manure P were examined. Higher drying temperatures resulted in lower percentage of dry matter. Increased H2O- and decreased sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)-extractable P with drying provided evidence that drying increases poultry manure P solubility. Labile fractions were predominantly inorganic P (Pi), whereas sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) fractions had significant amounts of organic P (Po). Drying altered H2O- and NaHCO3-extractable Pi but …
Elemental Uptake In Relation To Root Characteristics Of Tall Fescue, Glenn E. Shewmaker, Douglas A. Johnson, Henry F. Mayland, Scott A. Martin, Susie B. Hansen
Elemental Uptake In Relation To Root Characteristics Of Tall Fescue, Glenn E. Shewmaker, Douglas A. Johnson, Henry F. Mayland, Scott A. Martin, Susie B. Hansen
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
HiMag, an accession of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), was selected for high magnesium (Mg) concentration in leaves to reduce grass tetany risk to ruminants. However, the mechanism for enhanced Mg uptake in HiMag leaves has not been determined. The objective was to investigate if increased Mg uptake in HiMag could be explained by differences in elemental distribution among plant parts, root characteristics, or organic acid concentrations compared to its parental cultivars, ‘‘Kentucky 31’’ (KY31) and ‘‘Missouri 96’’ (MO96). The study was conducted on a surface-irrigated calcareous Portneuf silt loam (coarse-silty, mixed, mesic, Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcid). Vegetation and soil …
Levels And Changes Of Soil Phosphorus In Subtropical Beef Cattle Pastures, Gilbert C. Sigua, Mary J. Williams, Samuel W. Coleman
Levels And Changes Of Soil Phosphorus In Subtropical Beef Cattle Pastures, Gilbert C. Sigua, Mary J. Williams, Samuel W. Coleman
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Long-term pasture management is believed to change soil chemical properties, but little is known about whether pasture management, such as fertilizer application, grazing, or haying can initiate such change in sandy and well-drained subtropical beef pastures. The objective of this study was to investigate the long term effect of pasture management (grazing+haying, GZ+HY) on soil phosphorus (P) dynamics (levels and changes) in subtropical beef cattle pastures with bahiagrass (BG, Paspalum notatum) and rhizoma peanut (RP, Arachis glabrata) with (WP) or without (WNP) P fertilization in Brooksville, FL from 1988 to 2000. Soil P dynamics in Subtropical Agricultural Research …