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Articles 1 - 22 of 22
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Characterization Of Forage Selected By Cattle On Communal Range In Manhiça, Mozambique, O. Faftine, A. Alage, J. P. Muir
Characterization Of Forage Selected By Cattle On Communal Range In Manhiça, Mozambique, O. Faftine, A. Alage, J. P. Muir
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Forage selection by 10 cattle herds was observed monthly over 2 years on a communal rangeland. Plants grazed were hand-plucked as representative of both species and plant portions being cropped by cattle. Herds were led to green pasture year-round. Nutrient concentration of species and plant portions selected by cattle indicated adequate crude protein and calcium but phosphorus deficiency during the dry season. Well-drained escarpments and uplands were more important during the rains while upland depressions and the Nkomati valley were essential for adequate forage intake during the dry seasons.
The Effect Of Phosphorus Fertilization On Botanical Composition And Production In Temperate Pastures In Argentina, E. J. Jacobo, A. M. Rodríguez, M. F. Garbulsky, P. Scardoni, V. A. Deregibus
The Effect Of Phosphorus Fertilization On Botanical Composition And Production In Temperate Pastures In Argentina, E. J. Jacobo, A. M. Rodríguez, M. F. Garbulsky, P. Scardoni, V. A. Deregibus
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The objective of this paper is to evaluate floristic changes and above-ground primary production in native grasslands and old pastures dominated by tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) that were fertilized with different levels of phosphorus. For this, aerial biomass was sequentially harvested from November 1998 to October 1999. Above-ground production of native grassland more than doubled (from 3000 to 7300 kg DM/ha) with the highest level of P through the increment of three naturalized species: the winter annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and two legumes: white clover (Trifolium repens) and lotus (Lotus corniculatus). In …
Transport And Fate Of Phosphorus In The Nearshore Zone Of Lake Michigan, Nathan Van Ee
Transport And Fate Of Phosphorus In The Nearshore Zone Of Lake Michigan, Nathan Van Ee
Theses and Dissertations
Bioavailable phosphorus loads exported to Lake Michigan from the Milwaukee and Sheboygan River Watersheds appear to have increased in the last 40 years despite meeting total phosphorus (TP) loading goals set by the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA).Overall, bioavailability of P delivered from the Milwaukee and Sheboygan Rivers was highest during the warmer months, which coincides with the nearshore nuisance algae growth season. However, first order loss rates of SRP calculated during baseflow recession were also greatest during the summer, suggesting that increased river residence time during the summer could reduce export of bioavailable P. Observations of phosphorus partitioning …
Field Evaluation Of Struvite As A Phosphorus Source, Niyi Sunday Omidire
Field Evaluation Of Struvite As A Phosphorus Source, Niyi Sunday Omidire
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Phosphorus (P) is an element that is crucial in many biological processes in all forms of life and is not substitutable. Excess P in wastewaters leading to the degradation of receiving waters or eutrophication once released is a major environmental concern. Removal of excess P from wastewater as the mineral struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) could be a promising solution to reduce P discharge into receiving waters and can potentially provide a valuable fertilizer-P source for agricultural production. The objectives of this project were to evaluate the effects of: 1) chemically precipitated struvite (CPST), compared to triple superphosphate (TSP) and an unamended control …
Agronomic Evaluation Of Forage Grasses Under Mature Rubber Plantation, N. L. Costa, Valdinei T. Paulino, A. C. M. Igreja, C. R. Townsend, J. A. Magalhães, R. G. De A Pereira, T. S. Paulino
Agronomic Evaluation Of Forage Grasses Under Mature Rubber Plantation, N. L. Costa, Valdinei T. Paulino, A. C. M. Igreja, C. R. Townsend, J. A. Magalhães, R. G. De A Pereira, T. S. Paulino
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The agronomic performance of seven forage grasses, under a mature rubber plantation, was assessed in a cutting trial carried out at Porto Velho, Rondônia. During the rainy season, the higher dry matter yields were obtained with B. brizantha, P. atratum BRA-9610 and B. humidicola. During the dry season, the grasses more productive were B. brizantha and P. atratum BRA-9610. In both seasons, magnesium and potassium contents did not vary among grasses. During the rainy season, the higher nitrogen and phosphorus contents were obtained with P. regnelli BRA-0159 and, P. guenoarum BRA-3824 and B. humidicola, respectively, while P. atratum …
Variability For Nitrogen And Phosphorus Uptake Among Timothy Genotypes, Réal Michaud, Gilles Bélanger, A. Brégard
Variability For Nitrogen And Phosphorus Uptake Among Timothy Genotypes, Réal Michaud, Gilles Bélanger, A. Brégard
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Cultivars of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) with high N and P use efficiencies are required to reduce costs of production and risks of N and P pollution, and to meet the nutrition requirements of high producing animals. This field study aimed at comparing, (under three N rates) the relationship between DM yield, N uptake, and P uptake of 27 timothy half-sib families, plus the cultivar Champ as a control (Dry matter yield), N and P uptake increased with increasing N rates. Genotypes also differed for DM yield, N and P uptake. For a given DM yield, the genotypes had …
Evaluation Of Centrosema Rotundifolium For Sand-Soil Savannas In Eastern Venezuela, I. Rodríguez, R. Schultze-Kraft, S. González
Evaluation Of Centrosema Rotundifolium For Sand-Soil Savannas In Eastern Venezuela, I. Rodríguez, R. Schultze-Kraft, S. González
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
An evaluation of a collection of amphicarpic Centrosema rotundifolium showed considerable variability among the six accessions tested, regarding above- and below-ground seed production. Dry-season forage yields were very low but rainy-season yields reached acceptable levels. Contents of crude protein, P and Ca were intermediate to high (CP and P) or low (Ca). Three accessions are suggested for on-farm testing in association with grasses in order to explore the plant persistence implications of belowground seed production under practical conditions. Furthermore, the potential of this amphicarpic species for the conservation of sandy soils deserves attention.
Hydrologic Controls On Phosphorus Speciation And Mobilization In A Subalpine Watershed (East River, Colorado), Lucia Isobel Arthen-Long
Hydrologic Controls On Phosphorus Speciation And Mobilization In A Subalpine Watershed (East River, Colorado), Lucia Isobel Arthen-Long
Masters Theses
The cycling of phosphorus (P) through floodplain environments is critical to ecosystem productivity and has significant implications on both water quality and soil fertility. P export from soils in response to saturation has been well documented, but the relative vulnerability of specific P pools to mobilization remains poorly constrained, as do the mechanisms mediating its release. The prediction of P availability in and export from mountainous floodplain soils is of great importance as global climate change is projected to significantly alter precipitation regimes in alpine systems. This study combined a thorough characterization of P distribution across a hillslope to floodplain …
Changes In Pasture Growth Rate Due To Fertiliser And Grazing Management, P. Quigley, D. Chapman, J. Lamb, G. Kearney
Changes In Pasture Growth Rate Due To Fertiliser And Grazing Management, P. Quigley, D. Chapman, J. Lamb, G. Kearney
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
It is imperative that sheep production systems in southern Australia continue to be refined so producers remain financially viable but at the same time the environment is not degraded. As part of a national thrust for development and promotion of better production systems, one research site has been established in Victoria where pastures and animal production are measured together with water and nutrient movement. Results for pasture growth rates over two years are presented here and will be used to develop best industry practice at completion of the project.
Contribution Of Dairy Cow Manure To Soil Fertility And Nutrient Redistribution In Pastures, S. R. Aarons, C. R. O'Connor, M. Hall, C. J. P. Gourley
Contribution Of Dairy Cow Manure To Soil Fertility And Nutrient Redistribution In Pastures, S. R. Aarons, C. R. O'Connor, M. Hall, C. J. P. Gourley
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The effects of dairy cow manure on soil fertility were investigated at the site of the long-term phosphorus rate by stocking rate farmlet experiment at the Dairy Research Institute, Ellinbank, in Victoria. Manure increased extractable soil P (Olsen) in the 0 - 5 cm layer after 60 days to 61 mg/kg compared with values of 32 mg/kg in the control soils. Extractable soil K (Colwell) almost doubled under manure pads to 5 cm depth from 642 mg/kg in control soils to 1226 mg/kg in manure treated soils. The effects of grazing management on nutrient redistribution and pasture growth within strip-grazed …
Growth Responses Of Acacia Angustissima To Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation, N. Lucena Costa, Valdinei T. Paulino, T. S. Paulino
Growth Responses Of Acacia Angustissima To Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation, N. Lucena Costa, Valdinei T. Paulino, T. S. Paulino
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The response of Acacia angustissima to VAM species (Acaulospora laevis, A. muricata, Entrophosphora colombiana, Glomus mosseae, G. fasciculatum, G. macrocarpum, G. etunicatum, Gigaspora margarita, G. gigantea and Scutellospora heterogama) was evaluated under greenhouse conditions, in a P-deficient clayey Oxisol of pH 5.5. The soil was sterilized at 110oC for one hour each day for three days and reinoculated with a soil microbial suspension free of mycorrhizal fungi spores. The several VAM fungi were effective in increasing DM yield, nodulation, and N and P uptake of A. angustissima plants. The most efficient species were E. colombiana, A. …
Adapting Tropical Forages To Low-Fertility Soils, Idupulapati M. Rao
Adapting Tropical Forages To Low-Fertility Soils, Idupulapati M. Rao
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Tropical forages growing in low-fertility acid soils usually increase the amount of dry matter partitioned to roots at the expense of shoot growth, but substantially different adaptive attributes to such soils have been found, both between and within species. By possessing the C4 pathway of photosynthesis, grasses are more efficient than legumes in using N, Ca, and P, whereas legume roots are more efficient in extracting nutrients from low-fertility soils. Phosphorus uptake efficiency (mg of P uptake in shoot biomass per unit root length) of the legume Arachis pintoi is several times higher than that of the grass Brachiaria …
Assessing The Effect Of N And P Supply On Dry Matter Yield Of Three Tropical Grasses, O. Topall, C. Jouany, M. Duru, P. Cruz
Assessing The Effect Of N And P Supply On Dry Matter Yield Of Three Tropical Grasses, O. Topall, C. Jouany, M. Duru, P. Cruz
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The objectives are to study the effects of N and P supply and their interaction, on herbage dry matter yield and nutrient status of three tropical grasses. In order to estimate direct and indirect effects of P supply we express above-ground dry matter production as a function of the herbage nutrient status obtained from plant analysis. Results show that in absence of N, the significant increase in P nutrition status has only moderate consequences on herbage production and suggest that both N and P are limitant for herbage growth. P fertilization results in significant increase in dry matter yield only …
Interactions Between The Effects Of Nitrogen, And Phosphorus, Potassium And Sulphur On Grass Production, J. D. Morton, L. C. Smith
Interactions Between The Effects Of Nitrogen, And Phosphorus, Potassium And Sulphur On Grass Production, J. D. Morton, L. C. Smith
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The interactions between rates of nitrogen (N) and rates of phosphorus (P), potassium (K) or sulphur (S) on yield of ryegrass dominant swards were measured with no return of mown clippings in Southland, New Zealand. In the second year of the trial, the yield response to 176 kg N ha-1 compared with no N increased only slightly with increasing soil Olsen P from 8 to 91 µg g-1 soil. At 352 and 704 kg N ha-1 there was a large increase in the yield response (from 5 to 9.4 and 11 t DM ha-1 respectively) up …
Application Of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (Nirs) For Macronutrients Analysis In Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.), A. Morón, D. Cozzolino
Application Of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (Nirs) For Macronutrients Analysis In Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.), A. Morón, D. Cozzolino
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy was used to assess the mineral composition of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) as a tool for nutritional diagnosis. One hundred and ninety four (n = 194) samples of alfalfa from different locations representing a wide range of soils were used. Samples were reflectance scanned in a NIRS 6500 (NIRSystems, USA) instrument. The coefficients of determination (R2) of the regression estimate of the concentration of nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and sulphur and the errors in cross validation (SECV) were 0.93 (SECV: 1.6), 0.95 (SECV: 1.3), 0.93 (SECV: 1.9), 0.88 (SECV: 2.8), 0.82 (SECV: …
Phosphorus, Sulphur And Micronutrients On Grassland Improvement With White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) On Basaltic Soils In Uruguay, A. Morón, D. F. Risso
Phosphorus, Sulphur And Micronutrients On Grassland Improvement With White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) On Basaltic Soils In Uruguay, A. Morón, D. F. Risso
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Grasslands improvement with legumes is a promising technology for increasing forage quality and productivity on basaltic soils, but requires the correction of nutrient deficiencies. Phosphorus is a key element, but usual techniques of soil analysis are not good predictors. An experimental work was conducted in the northern region of the country. Evaluating the response of an improvement with white clover to P. Citric Acid showed a good association between soil P status and legume behavior. In addition there was a positive trend in forage production, in relation to S application, even though this effect was only significant in legume yield …
Multi-Year Application Of Dairy Slurry On Grassland: Effects On Crop, Soil Biota, Soil Nutrients, And N2O Emission, Shabtai Bittman, C. G. Kowalenko, D. E. Hunt, N. Patni, J. Paul, D. Raworth, J. Hountin, T. A. Forge, C. M. Monreal, O. Schmidt
Multi-Year Application Of Dairy Slurry On Grassland: Effects On Crop, Soil Biota, Soil Nutrients, And N2O Emission, Shabtai Bittman, C. G. Kowalenko, D. E. Hunt, N. Patni, J. Paul, D. Raworth, J. Hountin, T. A. Forge, C. M. Monreal, O. Schmidt
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The long-term effects of using manure as the principal nutrient source in intensive crop production systems are not well known. This paper reports on the effects of multi-year application of fertilizer or dairy slurry on a tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) sward. Slurry sustained greater grass yield than chemical fertilizer. Unlike fertilizer, slurry supplied 70 to 120 kg N/ha one year after application but little after one year; 4-years of manure applications built up the stable organic matter pool in the soil. Manure-N was less prone to leaching but more prone to N2O emissions than fertilizer-N. Manured …
Influence Of Fertilization On Botanical Composition And Productivity Of Rangeland In A Semi-Arid Climate Of South Africa, Hennie A. Snyman, I. B. Oosthuizen
Influence Of Fertilization On Botanical Composition And Productivity Of Rangeland In A Semi-Arid Climate Of South Africa, Hennie A. Snyman, I. B. Oosthuizen
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The objective of this study was to determine the short-term response of rangeland to fertilization rangeland (all combinations of 0; 10; 30 and 50 kg ha-1 nitrogen, with 0 and 10 kg ha-1 of phosphorus) in terms of dry matter production and botanical composition. After three years of fertilization, the botanical composition of the high-N fertilized plots changed completely from a climax to sub-climax vegetation. Wire grass (Elionurus muticus) showed the greatest decrease in frequency (62%) due to N fertilization. Phosphorus fertilization had an insignificant influence on species composition over the three years. The increase (P< 0.01) in production with increased N fertilizer, peaked in the second season, declining afterwards. With N and P fertilizer applied together, the production increased constantly and peaked in the last season. After three years the production increased (P≤ 0.01) with the application of N together with P, compared to the applying of only N. The higher the amount of fertilizer, the more sensitive to drought the climax grasses became. The results confirm the vulnerability of native grasses in dry areas, due to change in soil fertility.
Effect Of Combined Fertilization On Seed Production Of Xinnong‐1 Bermudagrass, Yanhui Zhang, Abulaiti, Peiying Li
Effect Of Combined Fertilization On Seed Production Of Xinnong‐1 Bermudagrass, Yanhui Zhang, Abulaiti, Peiying Li
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Phosphorus And Potassium On Alfalfa Seed Quality, Xianguo Wang, Jianguo Han, Zhiguang Geng, Peisheng Mao, Yunwen Wang
Effects Of Phosphorus And Potassium On Alfalfa Seed Quality, Xianguo Wang, Jianguo Han, Zhiguang Geng, Peisheng Mao, Yunwen Wang
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Forage Productivity Of Flemingia Macrophylla Under Different Planting Density, Defoliation Management And Phosphorus Application In Chitwan, Nepal, Ram Prasad Ghimire, Naba R. Devkota, Kishore Prasad Kayastha
Forage Productivity Of Flemingia Macrophylla Under Different Planting Density, Defoliation Management And Phosphorus Application In Chitwan, Nepal, Ram Prasad Ghimire, Naba R. Devkota, Kishore Prasad Kayastha
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Enhancing Agroecosystem Phosphorus Management: Root Phenotyping And Decomposition For Improved Phosphorus Cycling, Rebecca Kay Mcgrail
Enhancing Agroecosystem Phosphorus Management: Root Phenotyping And Decomposition For Improved Phosphorus Cycling, Rebecca Kay Mcgrail
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
Plant roots are often overlooked when making nutrient management decisions. Evaluating differences in P acquisition strategies and cycling resulting from years of shoot-specific plant breeding will aid in reducing fertilizer inputs, with the ultimate goal of improving economic sustainability of crop production and preservation of ecosystem services. To achieve this goal, this research screened a diverse panel of winter wheat cultivars that included old and modern, dwarfed and wild type varieties for physical and chemical root phenotypes related to P acquisition. Old cultivars had larger root systems with more roots that grew two times faster than intermediate/modern cultivars. Wild type …