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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Metformin, Glucotoxicity And Islet Dysfunction, Sartaj S. Baidwan
Metformin, Glucotoxicity And Islet Dysfunction, Sartaj S. Baidwan
Wayne State University Theses
METFROMIN, GLUCOTOXICITY AND ISLET DYSFUNCTION
by
SARTAJ BAIDWAN
MAY 2017
Advisor: Dr. Anjaneyulu Kowluru
Major: Pharmaceutical Sciences
Degree: Master of Science
Glucotoxicity is the leading cause for β-cell dysfunction [e.g., defective glucose-stimulated insulin secretion] in Type 2 Diabetes [T2DM]. Recent studies from our lab have shown sustained Rac1 activation leading to the activation of downstream signaling steps including stress kinase [p53, p38MAPK] activation and mitochondrial dysregulation [caspase-3 activation] in pancreatic islet beta-cells exposed to glucotoxic [HG] conditions [20 mM; 24 hrs]. Metformin [MF] is an oral anti-diabetic drug that is being widely prescribed to T2DM. MF works by suppressing hepatic …
Endocrine-Disrupting Properties Of Pharmaceuticals And Personal Care Products (Ppcps): An Evaluation Using Aquatic Model Organisms, Manahil Monshi
Endocrine-Disrupting Properties Of Pharmaceuticals And Personal Care Products (Ppcps): An Evaluation Using Aquatic Model Organisms, Manahil Monshi
Wayne State University Theses
Thousands of chemicals have introduced into the environment as a result of human activity since the industrial revolution, and the U.S. Government Accountability Office has estimated that as many as 1,500 new chemical entities are synthesized each year ("Key Issues: Toxic Chemicals - High Risk Issue," 2017). Many of these chemicals are now found in surface water and ground water and can have detrimental effects on environmental health and on human health. This anthropogenic contamination has resulted in the labeling of the diverse array of chemicals found in water, which are not routinely monitored or regulated, as contaminants of emerging …
Biochemical, Structural, And Drug Design Studies Of Norovirus And Zika Virus Proteases, Ben Kuiper
Biochemical, Structural, And Drug Design Studies Of Norovirus And Zika Virus Proteases, Ben Kuiper
Wayne State University Dissertations
Noroviruses, which are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis, cause an estimated 677 million infections and 213,000 deaths each year worldwide. Noroviruses are classified into seven genogroups (GI-GVII); GI, GII, and GIV have been shown to be infectious in humans. However, GII noroviruses cause the majority of outbreaks (89%). No pharmacologic treatment or vaccine currently exists to treat or prevent norovirus infections.
Recently, the development of a norovirus replicon system, a murine model of norovirus infection, and the development of a biochemical protease assay have allowed for the design and development of norovirus inhibitors. However, the replicon and biochemical assay …
Deubiquitinases In Ubiquitin Homeostasis And Disease, Gorica Ristic
Deubiquitinases In Ubiquitin Homeostasis And Disease, Gorica Ristic
Wayne State University Dissertations
Protein quality control (PQC) is indispensable for normal cellular functions, ensuring proteins are properly folded and removing those proteins that are functioning aberrantly. Perturbations in PQC can lead to various malignancies, neurodegeneration and neurological diseases. The Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway (UPP) is one important pathway in PQC, it relies on ubiquitination-dependent post-translational modification to selectively degrade misfolded or short-lived protein. Ubiquitination is reversed by the action of proteases known as deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). By hydrolyzing ubiquitin linkages, DUBs are responsible for cleaving and activating newly produced ubiquitin molecules, editing poly-Ub chains, removing ubiquitin from a substrate protein and recycling mono-Ub. Here, I …
Patholigical And Prognostic Role Of Mdig In Pancreatic Cancer, Srinivas Ashok Kumar
Patholigical And Prognostic Role Of Mdig In Pancreatic Cancer, Srinivas Ashok Kumar
Wayne State University Theses
Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignant disease having very limited therapeutic options that ultimately results in its poor prognosis. It is still elusive on the etiology and tumorigenic mechanisms of pancreatic cancer. In the present report, we provide evidence showing involvement of the mineral dust-induced gene (mdig) in the pathogenesis and prognosis of the pancreatic cancer. Using immunohistochemistry approach on human pancreatic cancer tissue microarray, we found differential expression of mdig in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and normal pancreas. Based on the staining intensities of mdig in these tissue samples, we found that 12% of the cancer tissues were strongly positive …