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Other Animal Sciences

Journal

1982

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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Growing Vegetables And Flowering Plants In A Greenhouse Supplied With Swine-Building Exhaust Air (1982), J K. Greig, C K. Spillman, B A. Koch Jan 1982

Growing Vegetables And Flowering Plants In A Greenhouse Supplied With Swine-Building Exhaust Air (1982), J K. Greig, C K. Spillman, B A. Koch

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Exhaust air from a Kansas State University swine-farrowing house provides CO2 and possibly other gases that are being used by vegetable plants in a KSU greenhouse. In addition, a rock-storage system reduces fuel requirements of the greenhouse. Tomatoes and cucumbers have been the major food crops studied, but transplant production of geraniums, marigolds, snapdragons, and calendula also has been studied. Poinsettias were grown as a fall crop in 1980 and again in 1982.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Effect Of Test Weight Of Hard Winter Wheat On Performance Of Finishing Swine (1982), D S. Pollmann, Robert H. Hines Jan 1982

Effect Of Test Weight Of Hard Winter Wheat On Performance Of Finishing Swine (1982), D S. Pollmann, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ninety crossbred pigs averaging 135 lbs. were used to evaluate the effect of reduced bushel weight of wheat on performance. Wheat (59 lb) fed to finishing pigs resulted in growth and feed efficiency similar to a milo base diet. Wheat of reduced bushel weight (51 lb and 45 lb) caused a linear effect upon feed efficiency because the pigs consumed more feed per day with equal average daily gain. The blending of equal parts of milo and 45 lb wheat resulted in similar growth rate and a slightly improved feed:gain ratio as compared to the pigs fed the 45 lb …

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On-Farm Evaluation Of Commercial Feed And Type Of Medication For Weaned Pigs (1982), D S. Pollmann, Steven C. Henry, E Francis Jan 1982

On-Farm Evaluation Of Commercial Feed And Type Of Medication For Weaned Pigs (1982), D S. Pollmann, Steven C. Henry, E Francis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A trial was conducted to evaluate the influence of diet composition and type of medication on pigs weaned at approximately 5 weeks of age (average initial weight of 15 pounds). A commercial feeding program containing extruded full fat soybeans was compared with a milo-soybean meal diet (19.2% protein and 1.25% lysine) containing neomycin (150 grams per ton) or neoterramycin (150 grams of neomycin and terramycin each per ton). Pigs were fed the treatments for 6 weeks while in the nursery. Performance was monitored continuously to market weight to evaluate the influence of the nursery treatments on the overall growth and …

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Boar Rearing: The Influence Of Group Vs Individual Penning From Weaning To 27 Weeks Of Age (1982), S T. Tonn, J V. Craig, Duane L. Davis Jan 1982

Boar Rearing: The Influence Of Group Vs Individual Penning From Weaning To 27 Weeks Of Age (1982), S T. Tonn, J V. Craig, Duane L. Davis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We compared mating performance and soundness of feet and legs of boars which were reared in group vs individual pens. Individually penned boars consumed more feed from 6 to 12 weeks of age and were heavier at 12 weeks of age. However, individually penned boars also were more unsound and tended to score lower in mating tests.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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High-Moisture Corn With Additives For Finishing Rations, B. Young, H. Ilg, K. Bolsen Jan 1982

High-Moisture Corn With Additives For Finishing Rations, B. Young, H. Ilg, K. Bolsen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Dry corn (dry), Harvestore ensiled high-moisture corn, stave silo ensiled high-moisture corn (stave H.M.C.) and stave H.M.C. ensiled with NaOH, Cold-flo ammonia, or Silo-Best additives were evaluated in steer and heifer finishing trials. Cold-flo and NaOH H.M.C. gave slowest gains; NaOH had the highest intake and Harvestore H.M.C. the lowest, efficiency of gain favored the Harvestore H.M.C. All H.M.C. corn except NaOH was unstable in air because of high dry matter at ensiling, slow corn use, and warm temperatures. Dry matter losses and temperature rises during air exposure were highest for Cold-flo and Harvestore H.M.C.

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The Effect Of Avoparcin On The Performance Of Grazing Steers, L.R. Corah, W.D. Busby, Jack G. Riley Jan 1982

The Effect Of Avoparcin On The Performance Of Grazing Steers, L.R. Corah, W.D. Busby, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred two steers were used to study the effect of Avoparcin on the performance of grazing steers. Four desired dosages -- 0. 200, 400. and 600 mg/head/day -- were compared in a self-fed mineral mix. Feeding Avoparcin at the desired level of 400 mg/head/day increased steer gains By 22%.

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Effect Of 48-Hour Calf Removal, D.D. Simms, Kenneth G. Odde, L.R. Corah Jan 1982

Effect Of 48-Hour Calf Removal, D.D. Simms, Kenneth G. Odde, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In three field trials, we removed calves from 187 beef cows for 48 hours at the beginning of the breeding season to determine the effect on the cows' cycling activity, conception rate, and pregnancy rate. When calves were removed, the cows were injected with Lutalyse. Removing calves for 48 hours did not change weight gain or sickness incidence of calves, but neither did it facilitate the cows' rebreeding.

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Little Things That Mean A Lot In Managing Beef Cattle, D. Pretzer Jan 1982

Little Things That Mean A Lot In Managing Beef Cattle, D. Pretzer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Survival in the beef cattle business for the next year or so will depend on doing little things well, says Don Pretzer, extension farm management specialist at Kansas State. "Doing enough little things right will add up to big differences in profitability. no matter whether you're a cow-calf operator, a backgrounder or a cattle finisher." He offers some interesting ideas for cattle ranchers. The economist says cow herd costs are running around $375 per cow-calf unit per year. This includes $178 for feed, including pasture for 15% replacements. 15% interest on the value of the cow ($450) and $32 a …

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Silo-Best And Sila-Ferm Additives For Corn Silage And Drought-Stressed Corn Silage For Yearling Steers, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg Jan 1982

Silo-Best And Sila-Ferm Additives For Corn Silage And Drought-Stressed Corn Silage For Yearling Steers, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Normal corn silage, with and without additives, and drought-stressed corn silage were evaluated in a 77-day growing trial using 64 steers. Steers fed drought silage had slowest and least efficient gains. Additive-treated silages were used more efficiently than the control silage. Dry matter recovery from the silos was consistently improved by the enzyme additive but not by the microbial inoculant additive. Steer gain per ton of corn crop ensiled was increased by 7.2 and 4.4 lb for enzyme and inoculant silages, respectively, compared with that for the control silage.

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Reproduction And Production Of Heifers Implanted With Ralgro Before Weaning, D.D. Simms, F.L. Schwartz, L.R. Corah Jan 1982

Reproduction And Production Of Heifers Implanted With Ralgro Before Weaning, D.D. Simms, F.L. Schwartz, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Over a 3-year period (1976-1978), heifer calves either were not implanted or were implanted between 2 and 5 months of age. In 1977, the study also included heifers implanted at birth. Implanting at birth increased the percentage of heifers open as yearlings. More implanted heifers tended to be open as 2- to 5-year-olds than control heifers, but the differences were not statistically significant. Implanting of the heifers had no effect on weight gains of their calves.

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Effects Of Ralgro Implants On Growth, Sexual Development, Carcass Characteristics, And Eating Quality Of Bulls Implanted From Birth To Slaughter, J. R. Greathouse, M. C. Hunt, Michael E. Dikeman, L. R. Corah, Curtis Kastner, R. J. Pruitt Jan 1982

Effects Of Ralgro Implants On Growth, Sexual Development, Carcass Characteristics, And Eating Quality Of Bulls Implanted From Birth To Slaughter, J. R. Greathouse, M. C. Hunt, Michael E. Dikeman, L. R. Corah, Curtis Kastner, R. J. Pruitt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Growth, performance, sexual development, carcass characteristics, and eating quality were evaluated on 40 fall-born Angus bulls. Twenty of the bulls were implanted five times with Ralgro at an average interval of 106 days, beginning near birth. The other 20 bulls served as nonimplanted controls. Bull calves remained with their dams on native southeast Kansas pasture for an average of 320 days; they were then allotted to drylot pens (feedlot beginning) and placed on a 75% concentrate ration. Bulls from each treatment were fed to target weights of 1000 and 1100 pounds, and then slaughtered.

Ralgro implanting increased average daily gain …

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Value Of Rhinitis Vaccination Of Young Pigs (1982), D S. Pollmann, D A. Schoneweis, G A. Kennedy Jan 1982

Value Of Rhinitis Vaccination Of Young Pigs (1982), D S. Pollmann, D A. Schoneweis, G A. Kennedy

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study was conducted using 57 pigs from 10 litters to evaluate the value of rhinitis vaccination on performance, carcass quality, and health status. Pigs vaccinated with bordetella vaccine had fewer (P<.05) days to market and weight gains were superior (P<.05) to the non-vaccinated control group. Carcass quality and turbinate atrophy were not different among treatments. Turbinate scores were not related to growth rate.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Repopulation Of Pseudorabies-Infected Swine Herds By Embryo Transfers (1982), J E. James, D M. James, P A. Martin, Duane L. Davis Jan 1982

Repopulation Of Pseudorabies-Infected Swine Herds By Embryo Transfers (1982), J E. James, D M. James, P A. Martin, Duane L. Davis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Embryos were transferred from two pseudorabies infected herds to recipients from a pseudorabies free herd. All 38 donor sows had serum titers for pseudorabies but no recipients or pigs that were farrowed had clinical signs or serum titers for pseudorabies. In total 805 embryos were transferred to 34 recipient sows and gilts of which 22 (65%) farrowed 208 pigs (189 farrowed alive).; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Evaluation Of Flavomycin In On-Farm Trials (1982), D S. Pollmann, D Simms, E Francis, T Orwig, F Brazle Jan 1982

Evaluation Of Flavomycin In On-Farm Trials (1982), D S. Pollmann, D Simms, E Francis, T Orwig, F Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twelve on-farm trials with a total of 1572 pigs were conducted to evaluate the effect of Flavomycin in growing-finishing swine diets. In three of the twelve trials, average daily gain was increased (P<.06) and in seven of the trials, feed efficiency was improved numerically with Flavomycin over nonmedicated control and other feed additives (Aureomycin, Tylan, Stafac, Pen-Strep, and Lincomix). The percent improvement varied greatly by location of the trial.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Effects Of Limit-Feeding Finishing Swine On Performance And Carcass Measurements (1982), W Zook, G L. Allee Jan 1982

Effects Of Limit-Feeding Finishing Swine On Performance And Carcass Measurements (1982), W Zook, G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two feeding trials with 138 crossbred pigs with an average initial weight of 129 pounds were conducted to determine the effects of limit feeding on average daily gain, feed efficiency and carcass measurements. Pigs were fed either ad libitum, restricted to 80 or 85% of ad Iibitum intake, or restricted to 2, 4 or 8 hours access to self-feeders. Average daily gain was decreased (P<.05) by reducing feed intake to 80 or 85% of ad Iibitum, and restricting pigs to 2, or 4 hours access to feed. Pigs allowed 8 hours access to feed gained at the same rate, with similar feed intake as pigs fed ad Iibitum. Feed efficiency was not different for any of the restricted fed treatments. However, pigs restricted to 80% of ad Iibitum had the best feed efficiency. Barrows and gilts responded similarly to restricted feeding.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Hard Wheat Compared To Soft Wheat For Finishing Swine (1982), Robert H. Hines Jan 1982

Hard Wheat Compared To Soft Wheat For Finishing Swine (1982), Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three feeding trials were conducted to compare soft winter wheat with hard winter wheat for finishing swine. In each trial, soft wheat diets supported weight gains and feed/gain ratio equal to those observed for pigs fed hard winter wheat diets. Both soft and hard wheat diets were compared with milo basal diets resulting in similar performances and reaffirming that wheat can replace all the milo in a swine diet. The study involving the method of processing the wheat diets indicated that rolled wheat diets resulted in pig performance superior to ground diets. Pelleting wheat diets was superior to both grinding …

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Stunning Method And Time Interval From Stunning To Bleeding Effects On Blood Splashing In Pork (1982), D E. Burson, Melvin C. Hunt, D E. Schafer, D Beckwith, J R. Garrison Jan 1982

Stunning Method And Time Interval From Stunning To Bleeding Effects On Blood Splashing In Pork (1982), D E. Burson, Melvin C. Hunt, D E. Schafer, D Beckwith, J R. Garrison

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two studies were designed to test the effects of stunning method and time interval between stunning and bleeding on blood splashing in pork muscle. In study I, 82 market weight barrows and gilts were randomly assigned to one of two treatments using captive bolt stunning with either a short (18.5 sec) or a delayed (144.7 sec) time interval to bleeding. More (P.05) for the captive bolt-short, electric-short and electric-delayed time groups.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Effect Of Scabby Wheat In Starter Pig Diets (1982), D S. Pollmann, B A. Koch Jan 1982

Effect Of Scabby Wheat In Starter Pig Diets (1982), D S. Pollmann, B A. Koch

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two studies using a total of 64 starter pigs (averaging 16-18 lbs initial weight) to evaluate the influence of varying levels of vornitoxin-contaminated wheat on performance was conducted. In both trials it appears that when vomitoxin levels exceed 1 ppm, a reduction in performance was evident. Feed refusal was evident particularly the first week on the vomitoxin-contaminated wheat. No symptoms of sickness, nor an influence on tissue size and function, were observed. The pigs were unable to compensate for depression in gains after withdrawal of vomitoxin-contaminated wheat.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Influence Of Nonviable Lactobacillus Fermentation Product In Artificially Reared Pigs Challenged With E. Coli (1982), D S. Pollmann, G A. Kennedy, B A. Koch, G L. Allee Jan 1982

Influence Of Nonviable Lactobacillus Fermentation Product In Artificially Reared Pigs Challenged With E. Coli (1982), D S. Pollmann, G A. Kennedy, B A. Koch, G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two trials were conducted to determine the influence of non viable lactobacillus fermentation product (LFP) in artificially reared pigs removed from sows at 24 to 36 hours postpartum. The pigs were fed a non-medicated milk replacer for 21 days in individual cages in an environmentally controlled room. In Trial I, 5 levels (0, .25, .5, 1.0, and 2.0 ml per pig per day) of LFP were used to determine the dosage rate on growth, feed efficiency, mortality rate, white blood cell count, and hematocrit (8 pigs per treatment). No detectable dosage rate was obvserved in Trial I. In Trial II, …

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Stability Of Commercially Available Lactobacillus Products (1982), D S. Pollmann, C A. Bandyk Jan 1982

Stability Of Commercially Available Lactobacillus Products (1982), D S. Pollmann, C A. Bandyk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study was conducted to determine the viability of three commercially available lactobacillus products in nonmedicated and medicated (lincomycin at 100 grams per ton) swine feed in several different environments over a 3-month period. Each product was stored in five environments: refrigeration (40°F), room temperature (70°F) in sealed container, room temperature in unsealed container, swine nursery (90°F) in a sealed container, and swine nursery in an unsealed container. Feed samples were counted for lactobacillus at weeks 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 12 with four replications. The three commercial products differed in stability while maintained in the various environmental conditions. …

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Lysine And Dried Whey Additions In Starter Pig Diets (1982), D S. Pollmann, G A. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1982

Lysine And Dried Whey Additions In Starter Pig Diets (1982), D S. Pollmann, G A. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 943 newly weaned (18 to 30 days of age) pigs were used in five trials to evaluate the addition of lysine and dried whey in starter diets. The results of these studies show that the lysine requirement is 1.2 to 1.3% during the nursery phase (up to approximately 50 lbs). When lysine levels are greater than 1.3% with added L-Iysine monohydrochloride, a reduction in performance will be evident (P<.05). Rolled dried whey appears to be inferior (P<.10) to spray dried whey in starter pig diets.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Effects Of Whey Products On Performance Of Weaned Pigs (1982), S Pope, G L. Allee Jan 1982

Effects Of Whey Products On Performance Of Weaned Pigs (1982), S Pope, G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three trials were conducted utilizing 458 pigs with an average age of 21 days to study the effects of adding whole whey, or partially delactosed whey from two sources in the diet of weaned pigs on growth, feed intake, and feed efficiency. Additionally, the optimum length of time to feed whole whey and the relationship of age at weaning and addition of whey to the diet were studied. The addition of whey to the diets increased performance of the pigs by 2 to 3 pounds at 8 weeks of age. Pigs fed 20% whole whey diets for 2 weeks performed …

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Cell-Mediated Immunity In Weaned Pigs (1982), Frank Blecha, D S. Pollmann, David A. Nichols Jan 1982

Cell-Mediated Immunity In Weaned Pigs (1982), Frank Blecha, D S. Pollmann, David A. Nichols

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The stress of weaning lowers cellular immune reactivity in 2-, 3- and 4-week-old pigs. However, pigs weaned at 5 weeks of age do not exhibit altered cell-mediated immune reactivity. Those changes could alter disease susceptibility in young pigs.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Computerized Heat Loss Evaluation Of Farrowing Houses (1982), H C. George, C K. Spillman, Robert H. Hines Jan 1982

Computerized Heat Loss Evaluation Of Farrowing Houses (1982), H C. George, C K. Spillman, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Accurate and concise heat loss analysis is available through a computer program to help producers. The economic benefit of insulating a new structure or increasing the insulation level of each of the building parts (ceiling, walls, windows, etc.) is calculated by the program. Ventilation is evaluated to assist the swine producer in understanding proper ventilation rates.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Birth Sequence And Its Effects On Litter Size (1982), J D. Wheat, M S. Suba, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1982

Birth Sequence And Its Effects On Litter Size (1982), J D. Wheat, M S. Suba, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Average farrowing interval and duration were 15.8 and 143.8 minutes for 1766 pigs born in 169 litters. Pigs born later in the litter were larger (r=.43) at birth. The correlation was -.14 between farrowing interval, average time between the birth of pigs within the litter, and litter 21-day weight. Sixteen pigs were classified as mummies and their birth sequences ranged from 1 to 15 with an average of 6.5. In 53.5 percent of the litters, the first pig born was a gilt and in 18.4 percent of the litters the first pig born was the largest in the litter. However, …

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Comparison Of Gleptosil With Iron Dextran For Anemia Prevention In Young Pigs (1982), D S. Pollmann, J E. Smith, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, D A. Schoneweis, Robert H. Hines Jan 1982

Comparison Of Gleptosil With Iron Dextran For Anemia Prevention In Young Pigs (1982), D S. Pollmann, J E. Smith, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, D A. Schoneweis, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Gleptosil, a commercial iron product, was compared with iron dextran for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in young pigs. Using 26 litters, pigs (within each litter) were randomly allotted to one of the three treatments: 1) control (no iron), 2) iron dextran (200 mg) and 3) Gleptosil (2OO mg). Blood was collected at 0, 10, 21 and 50 days post-treatment for red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB) concentration, serum iron concentration and serum iron-binding capacity (IBC). At 21 days, 30 pigs (one pig/treatment from each of 10 litters) were killed to determine mg non-heme iron (NHFe) …

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Value Of Sprinklers To Reduce Heat Stress Of Lactating Sows (1982), David A. Nichols, James P. Murphy, D S. Pollmann, D R. Ames Jan 1982

Value Of Sprinklers To Reduce Heat Stress Of Lactating Sows (1982), David A. Nichols, James P. Murphy, D S. Pollmann, D R. Ames

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twenty-eight sows and gilts were used to evaluate the value of drip sprinkling to reduce heat stress during lactation. Sprinkled sows had significantly lower respiration rates (P<.05) and consumed significantly more feed during the 21-day lactation. Number of pigs born live, dead, and weaned were not affected by sprinkling. Sprinkled sows tended to wean heavier pigs and lose less weight during lactation but these differences were not significant. These results indicate that a drip cooling for lactating sows is a low cost, effective method to reduce heat stress.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Influence Of Supplemental Light On Sow Performance During And After Lactation (1982), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, D S. Pollmann, Duane L. Davis, James P. Murphy Jan 1982

Influence Of Supplemental Light On Sow Performance During And After Lactation (1982), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, D S. Pollmann, Duane L. Davis, James P. Murphy

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study involving 327 crossbred sows was conducted to determine whether providing supplemental light in farrowing rooms would influence litter weight, number of pigs weaned, piglet survival rate, and subsequent rebreeding performance of sows exposed to 16 hr supplemental light/day during lactation. Litter weight was increased 7.7 lbs or .85 lb per pig weaned. More sows exposed to 16 hr light (83%) were mated by 5 days after weaning than were control sows (68%).; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Eleven-Year Summary Of Ksu On-Farm Swine Testing Program (1982), David A. Nichols, D S. Pollmann, W G. Olson Jan 1982

Eleven-Year Summary Of Ksu On-Farm Swine Testing Program (1982), David A. Nichols, D S. Pollmann, W G. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Records of approximately 11,000 boars and 6,000 gilts enrolled in the KSU on-farm swine test program were summarized. Both boars and gilts reached 220 lbs 5 days sooner in 1980 than 1970. Of the traits evaluated, the largest improvement was a reduction in backfat thickness of 25% from 1970 to 1980. Loin-eye area increased from 1970 to 1975 but declined from 1975 to 1980.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Sorghum Grain Stillage For Pregnant Gilts (1982), G L. Allee, B A. Koch, K Jackson Jan 1982

Sorghum Grain Stillage For Pregnant Gilts (1982), G L. Allee, B A. Koch, K Jackson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Gilts during pregnancy consumed approximately 29 pounds of milo stillage per day, when fed only stillage. Availability of water did not affect stillage consumption. Gilts fed stillage consumed only 2.2 pounds of DM per day which was not enough to maintain body weight. Gilts fed all the stillage they would consume and one pound of the control diet made similar weight gains and had similar reproductive performance as gilts fed three pounds of the control diet. This suggests that the energy value of the milo stillage is similar to that of the control diet (1620 kcal DE/lb DM) for gilts …

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