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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

2008

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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Effects Of Increasing Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine:Calorie Ratio For 120- To 180-Lb Gilts Grown In A Commercial Finishing Environment (2008), N W. Shelton, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2008

Effects Of Increasing Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine:Calorie Ratio For 120- To 180-Lb Gilts Grown In A Commercial Finishing Environment (2008), N W. Shelton, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 28-d growth trial was conducted to estimate the lysine requirement for 120- to 180-lb gilts. A total of 1,092 gilts (initially 121.7 lb, PIC 337 × 1050) were allotted to treatment diets with standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine/ME ratios of 1.89, 2.12, 2.35, 2.58, 2.81, and 3.04 g/Mcal. All diets contained 0.15% L-lysine HCl and 3% choice white grease and were formulated to meet or exceed all other requirements. Seven replicate pens per treatment were used; there were approximately 26 pigs per pen. Gilts were vaccinated with 2 doses of commercial porcine circo virus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine while …

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Effects Of Glycerol And Ractopamine Hcl (Paylean) On Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Loin Quality Of Finishing Pigs (2008), A W. Duttlinger, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz, Terry A. Houser, K J. Prusa, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 2008

Effects Of Glycerol And Ractopamine Hcl (Paylean) On Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Loin Quality Of Finishing Pigs (2008), A W. Duttlinger, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz, Terry A. Houser, K J. Prusa, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,054 barrows and gilts (PIC, initially 207.8 lb) were used in a 28-d study to determine the influence of glycerol and ractopamine HCl (Paylean) on growing-finishing pig performance, carcass characteristics, and loin quality. The experiment was conducted in a commercial swine research facility in southwest Minnesota. Pigs were blocked by weight and randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 10 replications per treatment. Pigs were fed corn-soybean meal-based diets. Dietary treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial with main effects of glycerol (0 or 5%) and ractopamine HCl (0 or 6.75 g/ton). Overall …

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Effects Of Feeding Excess Crude Protein On Growth Performance And Carcass Traits Of Finishing Pigs (2008), S M. Williams, C Feoli, S Issa, Terry L. Gugle, Joe D. Hancock Jan 2008

Effects Of Feeding Excess Crude Protein On Growth Performance And Carcass Traits Of Finishing Pigs (2008), S M. Williams, C Feoli, S Issa, Terry L. Gugle, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 176 pigs (88 barrows and 88 gilts, average initial BW of 209 lb) were used in a 33-d experiment to determine the effects of excess dietary CP on growth performance and carcass measurements of finishing pigs. Pigs were sorted by sex and ancestry and blocked by weight with 11 pigs per pen and 4 pens per treatment. Treatments were corn-soybean meal based and formulated to a minimum of 0.80% total lysine but with 12, 14, 16, and 18% CP. Feed and water were consumed on an ad libitum basis until pigs were slaughtered (average final BW of …

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Effects Of Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles On Sow Carcass Fat Quality (2008), Terry A. Houser, A N. Gipe, B L. Goehring, S L. Hillyard, A W. Duttlinger, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2008

Effects Of Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles On Sow Carcass Fat Quality (2008), Terry A. Houser, A N. Gipe, B L. Goehring, S L. Hillyard, A W. Duttlinger, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A pilot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of feeding nonpregnant (open) sows a diet containing 50% dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth and carcass fat quality. A total of 8 open sows were allotted to 1 of 2 diets by parity and BW. One diet was a standard corn-soybean meal-based gestation diet; the second diet was a corn-soybean meal-based diet that contained 50% DDGS. All sows were fed 5 lb/d of feed in a single feeding for 92 d. All sows were harvested on d 92 at the Kansas State University Meat Laboratory for determination of …

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Effects Of Expander Conditioning On The Nutritional Value Of Diets With Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles In Nursery And Finishing Pigs (2008), C Feoli, Terry L. Gugle, S D. Carter, Joe D. Hancock, Keith C. Behnke Jan 2008

Effects Of Expander Conditioning On The Nutritional Value Of Diets With Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles In Nursery And Finishing Pigs (2008), C Feoli, Terry L. Gugle, S D. Carter, Joe D. Hancock, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of expander conditioning on nutritional value of diets without and with corn- and sorghum-based dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS). In Exp. 1, 180 nursery pigs (average weight 29 lb) were assigned to 30 pens. Treatments were arranged as a 3 × 2 factorial with main effects of diet formulation (corn-soybean meal vs. 30% corn- or sorghum-based DDGS) and conditioning (standard steam vs. expander) prior to pelleting. Pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets had better (P<0.005) ADG, F/G, and digestibility of DM, N, and GE than pigs fed diets with DDGS. Diets with corn-based DDGS supported better (P<0.03) ADG, F/G, and digestibility of DM and N than diets with sorghum-based DDGS. Expander processing improved (P<0.009) ADG, F/G, and digestibility of DM, N, and GE compared with standard conditioning. Pigs fed diets with sorghum-based DDGS showed the greatest response in F/G to expander conditioning leading to a DDGS source × conditioning interaction (P<0.008). In Exp. 2, 176 finishing pigs (average weight 164 lb) were assigned to 16 pens. Treatments were arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial with main effects of diet formulation (corn-soybean meal vs. 40% sorghum-based DDGS) and conditioning (standard steam vs. ex-pander) prior to pelleting. Net electrical energy required for feed processing was lower (P<0.001) and production rate was greater (P<0.005) for the corn-soybean meal diets than for diets with DDGS. However, pellet durability was improved (P<0.001) by addition of DDGS to the diets. Pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets had better (P<0.03) overall ADG and F/G than pigs fed diets with DDGS. Expander conditioning did not affect ADG (P>0.83) but improved overall F/G and dressing percentage (P<0.007). In Exp. 3, 192 finishing pigs (average weight 222 lb) were assigned to 16 pens to determine nutrient digestibility. Treatments were the same as in Exp. 2. Feed and water was consumed ad libitum during a 6-d adjustment period; then, feces were collected for 2 d. Corn-soybean meal diets had greater (P<0.001) digestibility of DM, N, and GE than diets with DDGS, and expander conditioning improved (P<0.02) digestibility of DM, N, and GE compared with standard conditioning. However, the improved digestibility of DM with expander conditioning was apparent primarily for the DDGS diets (diet × conditioning interaction, P<0.01). In conclusion, expanding diets improved ADG, F/G, and nutrient digestibility in nursery pigs and F/G, dressing percentage, and nutrient digestibility in finishing pigs fed diets without and with DDGS.; Swine Day, 2008, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2008

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Effects Of Copper Sulfate, Tri-Basic Copper Chloride, And Zinc Oxide On Weanling Pig Growth And Plasma Mineral Concentrations (2008), N W. Shelton, Jim L. Nelssen, G M. Hill, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2008

Effects Of Copper Sulfate, Tri-Basic Copper Chloride, And Zinc Oxide On Weanling Pig Growth And Plasma Mineral Concentrations (2008), N W. Shelton, Jim L. Nelssen, G M. Hill, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two 28-d experiments were conducted to determine the effects of increasing dietary zinc and copper levels on weanling pig performance. In each experiment, 180 weanling pigs (PIC, 21 d of age, 12.5 lb in Exp. 1 and 13.2 lb in Exp. 2) were allotted to 1 of 6 treatments with 5 and 6 replications in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively. Diets were fed in 2 phases (d 0 to 14 and 14 to 28), and the trace mineral premix provided 165 ppm zinc and 16.5 ppm copper to all diets. In Exp. 1, treatments were arranged as a 2 × …

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Diet Preference And Growth Performance In Weanling Pigs Fed Diets With Morinda Citrifolia (Noni) (2008), C Feoli, Joe D. Hancock, Keith C. Behnke Jan 2008

Diet Preference And Growth Performance In Weanling Pigs Fed Diets With Morinda Citrifolia (Noni) (2008), C Feoli, Joe D. Hancock, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of adding 5% Morinda citrifolia (noni; Morinda Agricultural Products, Orem, UT) to diets for weanling pigs. In Exp. 1, 48 pigs (initially 9.3 lb) were used in a 29-d preference study. There were 6 pigs per pen and 8 pens total. The pens were equipped with 2 identical feeders (for diets without and with noni puree), and position of the feeders was switched each afternoon to prevent feeder location from affecting diet consumption. The diets were corn-soybean meal-based, pelleted, and had 1.8% lysine for d 0 to 5, 1.6% lysine for d …

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Amino Acid Digestibility Of High-Protein Corn Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles In Pigs (2008), J Y. Jacela, H L. Frobose, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2008

Amino Acid Digestibility Of High-Protein Corn Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles In Pigs (2008), J Y. Jacela, H L. Frobose, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this experiment was to determine the digestibility of amino acids (AA) in a high-protein dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) product. Six growing barrows (initially 50 lb) were surgically fitted with a T-cannula at the terminal ileum to allow for ileal digesta collection. After recovery, the pigs were randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments in a crossover design with 2 periods. The first diet contained high-protein DDGS (67% of the diet) as the sole protein source; the second was a nitrogen-free diet for determining basal endogenous AA loss. Chromic oxide was added to both diets as an …

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Determining The Accuracy Of Gestation Feed Drops (2008), J D. Schneider, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband Jan 2008

Determining The Accuracy Of Gestation Feed Drops (2008), J D. Schneider, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Objective: To determine the accuracy of three different types of gestation feed drops. Materials and methods: Econo, Accu, and Ultra feed drops (Automated Production Systems, Assumption, Illinois) were attached to feed lines at three angles (90Ëš, 75Ëš, and 60Ëš). Feed was collected and weighed at settings of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 lb (0.9, 1.8, 2.7, 3.6, and 4.65 kg) for the Econo and Accu feed drops and 2, 4, 6, and 8 lb for the Ultra feed drops. Results: There was a drop type × angle × feed level interaction (P<.01) for the feed settings versus the actual amount dropped. At 90Ëš, the relationship between the feeder setting (x) and actual quantity of feed dropped was best described by the regression equation (1.156x + 0.244) for the Econo, (1.010x + 0.072) for the Accu, and (1.009x + 0.231) for the Ultra feed drops. At 75Ëš, the regression equations were (1.014x — 0.139) for the Econo, (0.997x + 0.057) for the Accu, and (1.005x + 0.156) for the Ultra feed drops. At 60Ëš, the regression equations were (0.689x — 0.076) for the Econo, (0.989x — 0.249) for the Accu, and (0.951x + 0.026) for the Ultra feed drops. Implications: The type of feed drop and its angle relative to the feed line influences the amount of feed dispensed at a feeder setting. The Accu and Ultra feed drops more accurately dispense the correct amount of feed than the Econo feed drops.; Journal of Swine Health and Production; 16; Swine Day, 2008, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2008

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Influence Of Antimicrobial Sequence In The Nursery On Pig Performance And Economic Return (2008), M U. Steidinger, D Dau, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2008

Influence Of Antimicrobial Sequence In The Nursery On Pig Performance And Economic Return (2008), M U. Steidinger, D Dau, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,008 pigs (11.9 lb and 19 d of age) were used in a 42-d experiment to determine the influence of antibiotic regimen on growth performance and economic return. From d 0 to 10, pigs were fed diets containing either no antibiotic or Denagard at 35 g/ton and chlortetracycline at 400 g/ton (Denagard/CTC). From d 10 to 21, diets contained no medication, Denagard/CTC, Mecadox at 25 g/ton and Oxytetracycline at 400 g/ton, or Mecadox at 50 g/ton. From d 21 to 42, diets contained either no medication or Denagard/CTC. Adding Denagard/CTC to the diet from d 0 to …

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Effects Of Commercial Enzymes In Diets Containing Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles For Nursery Pigs (2008), C K. Jones, J R. Bergstrom, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2008

Effects Of Commercial Enzymes In Diets Containing Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles For Nursery Pigs (2008), C K. Jones, J R. Bergstrom, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments utilizing a total of 530 pigs were conducted to evaluate the effects of commercial enzymes in diets containing dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on nursery pig growth performance. In Exp. 1, 180 pigs (initially 19.9 lb) were used in a 27-d growth trial to compare the effects of Easyzyme, Hemicell-W, and Porzyme in diets containing 30% DDGS on weanling pig performance. The 5 dietary treatments fed were a positive control (corn-soybean meal-based diet), negative control (diet with 30% corn DDGS), and the negative control diet with either 0.05% Easyzyme, 0.05% Hemicell-W, or 0.05% Porzyme added. Overall (d …

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Blade Tenderization In Combination With Injection Enhancement Containing An Enzyme Increases Tenderness Of Strip Steaks From Fed Cull Cows (2008), Stacy L. Hutchinson, M.J. Daniel, James J. Higgins, John A. Unruh, Melvin C. Hunt Jan 2008

Blade Tenderization In Combination With Injection Enhancement Containing An Enzyme Increases Tenderness Of Strip Steaks From Fed Cull Cows (2008), Stacy L. Hutchinson, M.J. Daniel, James J. Higgins, John A. Unruh, Melvin C. Hunt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Cow meat is tougher than meat from young steers and heifers and typically has a less desirable, darker color. It is generally assumed that cow meat will need to be ground or have some form of post-mortem tenderization applied to be merchandized as a whole muscle product. Most cow steaks are fabricated by food service providers for their customers with different specifications for aging and post-mortem tenderization application. Aging, blade tenderization, and injection enhancement are commonly used on cow meat to increase tenderness. It is unknown if an extended aging period is needed in addition to a combination of tenderization …

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Optimizing Ground Beef Lean Sources To Maximize Display Color Life (2008), C. Raines, Melvin C. Hunt, John A. Unruh Jan 2008

Optimizing Ground Beef Lean Sources To Maximize Display Color Life (2008), C. Raines, Melvin C. Hunt, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

It is widely accepted that meat color is the most important influencer of consumers' meat purchasing decisions. Understanding how ground cow meat discolors is, and will continue to be, very important as a large influx of cull dairy cows in the U.S. meat supply is predicted. Optimal management and more timely marketing of cows should result in increased revenue for the beef industry. However, many valuable by-products from cows have been labeled as specified risk materials accompanied by a lost value. Thus, there is an unprecedented need to add value to cow meat. Research characterizing cow muscles and how to …

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Packaging Atmospheres Alter Beef Tenderness, Fresh Color Stability, And Internal Cooked Color (2008), J.P. Grobbel, Michael E. Dikeman, George A. Milliken, Melvin C. Hunt Jan 2008

Packaging Atmospheres Alter Beef Tenderness, Fresh Color Stability, And Internal Cooked Color (2008), J.P. Grobbel, Michael E. Dikeman, George A. Milliken, Melvin C. Hunt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Several meat quality traits affect consumers' overall purchase decisions and satisfaction with meat products, but color is the major factor affecting purchasing decisions. According to some researchers, tenderness is the most important palatability attribute in consumers' overall eating experience. Case-ready packaging in the meat industry is growing at a rapid rate and generally includes modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) with specific gases. Advantages of MAP include use of a centralized location, improved sanitation control, more consistent products, and increased marketing flexibility. Packaging beef in highoxygen (HiO2) MAP results in a desirable bright red lean color but can have detrimental effects on …

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Restricting Vitamin A In Cattle Diets Improves Beef Carcass Marbling And Usda Quality And Yield Grades (2008), A.M. Arnett, M.J. Daniel, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2008

Restricting Vitamin A In Cattle Diets Improves Beef Carcass Marbling And Usda Quality And Yield Grades (2008), A.M. Arnett, M.J. Daniel, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Marbling continues to be a major factor affecting profitability for beef producers, processors, retailers, and restaurateurs. However, feeding animals to "˜fatten' is quite inefficient, requiring about 2.25 times more energy than is needed for producing lean muscle. For the cattle feeding industry to be sustainable in the future, increases in marbling must be accomplished without increasing days on feed, slaughter age carcass weight, and fatness and without sacrificing feed efficiency and carcass cutability. A 2002 survey of feedlot nutritionists revealed that most recommended supplementation of vitamin A to feedlot cattle at levels exceeding the guidelines of the National Research Council …

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Costs Of Adopting Radio Frequency Identification Reader Systems And Tagging Services In Livestock Auction Markets (2008), K. Bolte, Kevin C. Dhuyvetter, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 2008

Costs Of Adopting Radio Frequency Identification Reader Systems And Tagging Services In Livestock Auction Markets (2008), K. Bolte, Kevin C. Dhuyvetter, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Livestock industry initiatives such as the National Animal Identification System (NAIS), marketing alliances, and production verification programs are leading to increased use of electronic animal identification systems. Livestock markets are one place where animal movement and identification information can be recorded easily. Auction market facilities can differentiate themselves by offering electronic individual animal identification and tracking services to customers. However, facility modifications, installation, and operating equipment needed to record electronic animal identification information at the speed of commerce involves costs. The more animals that the radio frequency identification (RFID) reading technology would be used on, the lower the cost of …

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Nutrient Balance Of A Commercial Feedlot (2008), S.Q. Jones, J.M. Ham, Joel M. Derouchey Jan 2008

Nutrient Balance Of A Commercial Feedlot (2008), S.Q. Jones, J.M. Ham, Joel M. Derouchey

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The ability to develop nutrient balance for a livestock operation is important for maintaining a long-term sustainable production system and for compliance with current and future environmental regulations. Producers invest considerable financial resources in farm inputs, primarily feed and livestock. When animals leave the farm, they retain a portion of the feed nutrients they consumed, but the majority of consumed nutrients are excreted. Once excreted, certain compounds in the manure volatilize, which lowers the manure nutrient content and diminishes economic value of the manure as fertilizer. In addition, these volatile compounds can create air quality concerns. Operations designated as concentrated …

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Behavior Of Beef Cows Grazing Topographically Rugged Native Range Is Influenced By Mineral Delivery System (2008), N.A. Sproul, J.W. Bolte, D.R. Linden, R.A. Kreikemeier, L.A. Pacheco, M.D. Thomas, James J. Higgins, K. C. Olson, James S. Drouillard, John R. Jaeger Jan 2008

Behavior Of Beef Cows Grazing Topographically Rugged Native Range Is Influenced By Mineral Delivery System (2008), N.A. Sproul, J.W. Bolte, D.R. Linden, R.A. Kreikemeier, L.A. Pacheco, M.D. Thomas, James J. Higgins, K. C. Olson, James S. Drouillard, John R. Jaeger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Poor grazing distribution is a major problem on rangelands of the western United States. Grazing animals tend to congregate in areas near water, shade, and level terrain. These areas typically become overgrazed, while less preferred areas of pasture remain undergrazed. Solutions to localized overgrazing include cross-fencing and water development; however, most land managers are unwilling to bear the expense associated with these strategies. Most types of supplements, including mineral supplements, have potential to lure cattle into under-utilized areas of range and pasture. Cows spend up to 40% of their time within 650 yards of self-fed supplements, but relationships between terrain …

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Restricted Feeding Improves Performance Of Growing Steers During Subsequent Grazing On Native Flint Hills Pasture (2008), C.O. Anglin, M.P. Epp, R.D. Derstein, B.B. Barnhardt, Dale A. Blasi, K. C. Olson, Christopher D. Reinhardt Jan 2008

Restricted Feeding Improves Performance Of Growing Steers During Subsequent Grazing On Native Flint Hills Pasture (2008), C.O. Anglin, M.P. Epp, R.D. Derstein, B.B. Barnhardt, Dale A. Blasi, K. C. Olson, Christopher D. Reinhardt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Beef stocker operators are margin-operators, and rising feed costs force them to consider alternative feeding strategies to reduce production costs. Limit-feeding is a management technique that has positive implications for cost control. In this experiment, we restricted dry matter intake to determine if steers could compensate for a period of dietary restriction during intensive early grazing. This study illustrated that limit-feeding could reduce feed costs for stocker and background operators.

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Crude Glycerin In Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Diets For Beef Cattle (2008), G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Crude Glycerin In Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Diets For Beef Cattle (2008), G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Plant oils contain large amounts of triglycerides that will react to a catalyst, such as methanol. The transesterification reaction between the oil and alcohol will produce approximately 10% crude glycerin and 90% biodiesel. Crude glycerin is distilled for use in human products such as soaps, cosmetics, and moisturizers, but the usefulness of glycerin as a feed source for livestock is unclear. Rapid expansion of the biodiesel industry has created excess supplies of crude glycerin. It is thought that glycerin can be used in ruminant diets to decrease feed costs, but crude glycerin from biodiesel production can contain various levels of …

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Substituting Steam-Flaked Corn With Distiller’S Grains Alters Ruminal Fermentation And Diet Digestibility (2008), S. Uwituze, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Substituting Steam-Flaked Corn With Distiller’S Grains Alters Ruminal Fermentation And Diet Digestibility (2008), S. Uwituze, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Rapid expansion of fuel ethanol production in the High Plains, where feedlots commonly use steam-flaked corn diets, has popularized substituting dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) for a portion of the steam- flaked corn. Most of the starch in corn is removed during ethanol production. The residual material is rich in fiber, ruminal undegradable protein, and fat. Adding roughage to high-concentrate finishing diets helps maintain ruminal function by stimulating salivation, rumination, and gut motility. The source and level of roughage can influence dry matter intake. Our objective was to examine ruminal fermentation characteristics and diet digestibility when steam-flaked corn-based finishing …

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Evaluation Of Dried Distiller’S Grains And Roughage Source In Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Finishing Diets (2008), S. Uwituze, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Evaluation Of Dried Distiller’S Grains And Roughage Source In Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Finishing Diets (2008), S. Uwituze, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) are the main byproduct of dry milling, the process used most frequently for fuel ethanol production. DDGS consist of the spent grains following ethanol distillation and are high in protein, fat, fiber, and minerals. Alfalfa hay and corn silage are roughages most commonly included in feedlot diets and are one of the most expensive ingredients in feedlot diets on an energy basis. Comparing use of alfalfa hay and corn silage in conjunction with DDGS can provide useful information on how to obtain maximum benefit from these ingredients. Our objective was to evaluate the use …

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Digestibility Of Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Steam-Flaked Or Dry-Rolled Corn Diets (2008), M.L. May, M.J. Hands, M.J. Quinn, J.O. Wallace, Leigh W. Murray, Christopher D. Reinhardt, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Digestibility Of Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Steam-Flaked Or Dry-Rolled Corn Diets (2008), M.L. May, M.J. Hands, M.J. Quinn, J.O. Wallace, Leigh W. Murray, Christopher D. Reinhardt, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In previous experiments, we observed that the nutritional value of dried distiller's grains is less when added to finishing diets made of steam-flaked corn than when added to diets of dry-rolled corn. We hypothesized that effects of grain processing on value of distiller's grains are attributable to differences in the digestion characteristics of grains processed via flaking or dry rolling. In this study, our objective was to evaluate differences in ruminal metabolism and total tract digestion of diets made from dry-rolled or steam-flaked corn with and without dried distiller's grains.

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Dried Distiller’S Grains In Steam-Flaked Corn Finishing Diets With Decreased Roughage Levels (2008), M.L. May, M.J. Quinn, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Dried Distiller’S Grains In Steam-Flaked Corn Finishing Diets With Decreased Roughage Levels (2008), M.L. May, M.J. Quinn, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Distiller's grains are the primary coproduct derived from fuel ethanol production. As the fuel ethanol industry expands into the High Plains, distiller's grains are becoming increasingly available as an alternative feed for livestock. Optimizing the use of distiller's grains in flaked grain rations is important to maintaining a competitive advantage among feedlot producers in this region. Because distiller's grains are relatively high in fiber, it is conceivable that the level of roughages in feedlot diets could be reduced when distiller's grains are fed to cattle. Roughages normally have low energy density; therefore, the cost per unit of energy from roughages …

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Forage Intake By Pregnant And Lactating First-Calf Heifers (2008), D.R. Linden, David E. Anderson, L.A. Pacheco, J.W. Bolte, N.A. Sproul, M.D. Thomas, K. C. Olson, John R. Jaeger, Kelsey L. Holcomb Jan 2008

Forage Intake By Pregnant And Lactating First-Calf Heifers (2008), D.R. Linden, David E. Anderson, L.A. Pacheco, J.W. Bolte, N.A. Sproul, M.D. Thomas, K. C. Olson, John R. Jaeger, Kelsey L. Holcomb

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Forage dry matter intake by mature cows usually decreases during the final 4 to 8 weeks of gestation and then increases dramatically during the first 4 to 8 weeks of lactation. Rapid fetal growth during late pregnancy causes a physical impingement of the rumen. This reduction in ruminal capacity can cause prepartum reduction in forage intake. The rumen recovers its normal volume after calving. The increase in forage intake typical of the postpartum period is driven by milk production. Little research has focused on forage intake patterns by first-calf beef heifers during late gestation and early lactation. It is unknown …

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Genetic Background Influences Pig Growth Rate Responses To Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (Pcv2) Vaccines (2008), M L. Potter, Lisa M. Tokach, Steven C. Henry, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Raymond R. Rowland R, Richard D. Oberst, Richard A. Hesse, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2008

Genetic Background Influences Pig Growth Rate Responses To Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (Pcv2) Vaccines (2008), M L. Potter, Lisa M. Tokach, Steven C. Henry, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Raymond R. Rowland R, Richard D. Oberst, Richard A. Hesse, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 454 pigs (21 d of age, 13.4 lb) were used in a 130-d field study to investigate porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine effects on growth performance of boars and gilts of 4 different genetic backgrounds: A×A (Duroc-based sire and dam), B×B (synthetic line sire and dam lines derived from Duroc, Pie-train, and Large White), A×B, and B×A. Pigs were identified as potential test pigs at birth and ear tagged for identification. Characteristics including litter, genetic background, gender, and birth weight were recorded and used in allotting PCV2 vaccine treatment groups. Pigs were vaccinated according to label …

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Evaluation Of Deoiled Corn Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles (Solvent Extracted) On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2008), J Y. Jacela, L Brandts, R C. Thaler, D Peters, D E. Little, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2008

Evaluation Of Deoiled Corn Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles (Solvent Extracted) On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2008), J Y. Jacela, L Brandts, R C. Thaler, D Peters, D E. Little, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 210 pigs (initially 22.0 lb) were used in a 28-d study to evaluate the effects of increasing deoiled corn dried distillers grains with solubles, solvent extracted (dDGS) on nursery pig growth performance. Pigs were blocked on the basis of pen weight and randomly allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments containing 0, 5, 10, 20, or 30% dDGS. There were 7 pens per treatment and 6 pigs per pen. All diets were formulated to equivalent ME and standardized ileal digestible lysine concentrations. Soybean oil was added to the dDGS diets as an energy source to equalize dietary …

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Evaluation Of Commercial Enzyme Supplementation On Growing Pig Performance (2008), J Y. Jacela, P Brown, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2008

Evaluation Of Commercial Enzyme Supplementation On Growing Pig Performance (2008), J Y. Jacela, P Brown, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,129 pigs were used in a 56-d study to evaluate the effect of a commercial enzyme on growth performance and assess its energy replacement value in swine diets. Pigs were blocked on the basis of pen weights and allotted to 1 of 6 dietary treatments fed in 3 phases. Dietary treatments had increasing levels of fat (0, 2.5, and 5.0%) with or without added enzyme (0.05% or 0% Agri-King REAP). Phase 1 was fed from approximately 75 to 110 lb BW, phase 2 was fed from 110 to 160 lb BW, and phase 3 was fed from …

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Effects Of Ractopamine Hcl (Paylean) And Α-Lipoic Acid On The Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (2008), J R. Bergstrom, Terry A. Houser, Michael D. Tokach, J A. Gunderson, A N. Gipe, J Jacela, J M. Benz, R C. Sulabo, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2008

Effects Of Ractopamine Hcl (Paylean) And Α-Lipoic Acid On The Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (2008), J R. Bergstrom, Terry A. Houser, Michael D. Tokach, J A. Gunderson, A N. Gipe, J Jacela, J M. Benz, R C. Sulabo, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 48 gilts (initially 211 lb) were used to evaluate the effects of ractopamine HCl and α-lipoic acid on finishing pig performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs were blocked by weight and randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments in a 22-d experi-ment. Pigs were fed corn-soybean meal-based diets. Treatments were arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial with main effects of ractopamine HCl (0 or 9 g/ton) and α-lipoic acid (0 or 300 ppm). For overall growth performance (d 0 to 22), ADG tended (P<0.09) to be greater for pigs fed ractopamine HCl. Although F/G improved (P<0.01) for pigs fed ractopamine HCl, there was a trend (P<0.07) for an interaction between ractopamine HCl and α-lipoic acid. For pigs fed diets without ractopamine HCl, added α-lipoic acid numerically improved F/G, whereas in pigs fed ractopamine HCl, added α-lipoic acid numerically worsened F/G. Average final weight tended (P<0.06) to be greater for pigs fed ractopamine HCl. No other differences in growth performance were observed. For the comparison of carcass characteristics, average live weight, HCW, yield, loin eye area at the 10th rib, and standardized fat-free lean were increased (P<0.04) for pigs fed ractopamine HCl. Average backfat thickness tended (P<0.06) to decrease for pigs fed ractopamine HCl. Tenth-rib backfat increased (P<0.05) for pigs fed α-lipoic acid, and the percent fat-free lean of pigs fed α-lipoic acid tended (P<0.10) to decrease as a result. In conclusion, the growth performance and carcass characteristics of pigs fed ractopamine HCl were improved. Feeding 300 ppm of α-lipoic acid did not affect growth performance but did tend to increase carcass fat content.; Swine Day, 2008, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2008

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Effects Of Pepsoygen And Dried Porcine Solubles 50 In Nursery Pig Diets (2008), C K. Jones, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2008

Effects Of Pepsoygen And Dried Porcine Solubles 50 In Nursery Pig Diets (2008), C K. Jones, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary specialty protein source on weanling pig growth performance. In Exp. 1, 350 pigs (initially 13.4 lb) were used in a 35-d growth trial to compare the effects of fish meal, PepSoyGen, and dried porcine solubles (DPS 50) on weanling pig performance. Seven dietary treatments were fed: (1) negative control, (2) 3% fish meal, (3) 6% fish meal, (4) 3.75% PepSoyGen, (5) 7.50% PepSoyGen, (6) 1.88% PepSoyGen and 1.88% DPS 50, and (7) 3.75% PepSoyGen and 3.75% DPS 50. From d 0 to 14, pigs fed increasing PepSoyGen and PepSoyGen in …

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