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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

1982

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Effect Of Test Weight Of Hard Winter Wheat On Performance Of Finishing Swine (1982), D S. Pollmann, Robert H. Hines Jan 1982

Effect Of Test Weight Of Hard Winter Wheat On Performance Of Finishing Swine (1982), D S. Pollmann, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ninety crossbred pigs averaging 135 lbs. were used to evaluate the effect of reduced bushel weight of wheat on performance. Wheat (59 lb) fed to finishing pigs resulted in growth and feed efficiency similar to a milo base diet. Wheat of reduced bushel weight (51 lb and 45 lb) caused a linear effect upon feed efficiency because the pigs consumed more feed per day with equal average daily gain. The blending of equal parts of milo and 45 lb wheat resulted in similar growth rate and a slightly improved feed:gain ratio as compared to the pigs fed the 45 lb …

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On-Farm Evaluation Of Commercial Feed And Type Of Medication For Weaned Pigs (1982), D S. Pollmann, Steven C. Henry, E Francis Jan 1982

On-Farm Evaluation Of Commercial Feed And Type Of Medication For Weaned Pigs (1982), D S. Pollmann, Steven C. Henry, E Francis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A trial was conducted to evaluate the influence of diet composition and type of medication on pigs weaned at approximately 5 weeks of age (average initial weight of 15 pounds). A commercial feeding program containing extruded full fat soybeans was compared with a milo-soybean meal diet (19.2% protein and 1.25% lysine) containing neomycin (150 grams per ton) or neoterramycin (150 grams of neomycin and terramycin each per ton). Pigs were fed the treatments for 6 weeks while in the nursery. Performance was monitored continuously to market weight to evaluate the influence of the nursery treatments on the overall growth and …

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Boar Rearing: The Influence Of Group Vs Individual Penning From Weaning To 27 Weeks Of Age (1982), S T. Tonn, J V. Craig, Duane L. Davis Jan 1982

Boar Rearing: The Influence Of Group Vs Individual Penning From Weaning To 27 Weeks Of Age (1982), S T. Tonn, J V. Craig, Duane L. Davis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We compared mating performance and soundness of feet and legs of boars which were reared in group vs individual pens. Individually penned boars consumed more feed from 6 to 12 weeks of age and were heavier at 12 weeks of age. However, individually penned boars also were more unsound and tended to score lower in mating tests.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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High-Moisture Corn With Additives For Finishing Rations, B. Young, H. Ilg, K. Bolsen Jan 1982

High-Moisture Corn With Additives For Finishing Rations, B. Young, H. Ilg, K. Bolsen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Dry corn (dry), Harvestore ensiled high-moisture corn, stave silo ensiled high-moisture corn (stave H.M.C.) and stave H.M.C. ensiled with NaOH, Cold-flo ammonia, or Silo-Best additives were evaluated in steer and heifer finishing trials. Cold-flo and NaOH H.M.C. gave slowest gains; NaOH had the highest intake and Harvestore H.M.C. the lowest, efficiency of gain favored the Harvestore H.M.C. All H.M.C. corn except NaOH was unstable in air because of high dry matter at ensiling, slow corn use, and warm temperatures. Dry matter losses and temperature rises during air exposure were highest for Cold-flo and Harvestore H.M.C.

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Effects Of Ralgro Implants On Growth, Sexual Development, Carcass Characteristics, And Eating Quality Of Bulls Implanted From Birth To Slaughter, J. R. Greathouse, M. C. Hunt, Michael E. Dikeman, L. R. Corah, Curtis Kastner, R. J. Pruitt Jan 1982

Effects Of Ralgro Implants On Growth, Sexual Development, Carcass Characteristics, And Eating Quality Of Bulls Implanted From Birth To Slaughter, J. R. Greathouse, M. C. Hunt, Michael E. Dikeman, L. R. Corah, Curtis Kastner, R. J. Pruitt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Growth, performance, sexual development, carcass characteristics, and eating quality were evaluated on 40 fall-born Angus bulls. Twenty of the bulls were implanted five times with Ralgro at an average interval of 106 days, beginning near birth. The other 20 bulls served as nonimplanted controls. Bull calves remained with their dams on native southeast Kansas pasture for an average of 320 days; they were then allotted to drylot pens (feedlot beginning) and placed on a 75% concentrate ration. Bulls from each treatment were fed to target weights of 1000 and 1100 pounds, and then slaughtered.

Ralgro implanting increased average daily gain …

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Value Of Rhinitis Vaccination Of Young Pigs (1982), D S. Pollmann, D A. Schoneweis, G A. Kennedy Jan 1982

Value Of Rhinitis Vaccination Of Young Pigs (1982), D S. Pollmann, D A. Schoneweis, G A. Kennedy

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study was conducted using 57 pigs from 10 litters to evaluate the value of rhinitis vaccination on performance, carcass quality, and health status. Pigs vaccinated with bordetella vaccine had fewer (P<.05) days to market and weight gains were superior (P<.05) to the non-vaccinated control group. Carcass quality and turbinate atrophy were not different among treatments. Turbinate scores were not related to growth rate.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Evaluation Of Flavomycin In On-Farm Trials (1982), D S. Pollmann, D Simms, E Francis, T Orwig, F Brazle Jan 1982

Evaluation Of Flavomycin In On-Farm Trials (1982), D S. Pollmann, D Simms, E Francis, T Orwig, F Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twelve on-farm trials with a total of 1572 pigs were conducted to evaluate the effect of Flavomycin in growing-finishing swine diets. In three of the twelve trials, average daily gain was increased (P<.06) and in seven of the trials, feed efficiency was improved numerically with Flavomycin over nonmedicated control and other feed additives (Aureomycin, Tylan, Stafac, Pen-Strep, and Lincomix). The percent improvement varied greatly by location of the trial.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Effects Of Limit-Feeding Finishing Swine On Performance And Carcass Measurements (1982), W Zook, G L. Allee Jan 1982

Effects Of Limit-Feeding Finishing Swine On Performance And Carcass Measurements (1982), W Zook, G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two feeding trials with 138 crossbred pigs with an average initial weight of 129 pounds were conducted to determine the effects of limit feeding on average daily gain, feed efficiency and carcass measurements. Pigs were fed either ad libitum, restricted to 80 or 85% of ad Iibitum intake, or restricted to 2, 4 or 8 hours access to self-feeders. Average daily gain was decreased (P<.05) by reducing feed intake to 80 or 85% of ad Iibitum, and restricting pigs to 2, or 4 hours access to feed. Pigs allowed 8 hours access to feed gained at the same rate, with similar feed intake as pigs fed ad Iibitum. Feed efficiency was not different for any of the restricted fed treatments. However, pigs restricted to 80% of ad Iibitum had the best feed efficiency. Barrows and gilts responded similarly to restricted feeding.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Hard Wheat Compared To Soft Wheat For Finishing Swine (1982), Robert H. Hines Jan 1982

Hard Wheat Compared To Soft Wheat For Finishing Swine (1982), Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three feeding trials were conducted to compare soft winter wheat with hard winter wheat for finishing swine. In each trial, soft wheat diets supported weight gains and feed/gain ratio equal to those observed for pigs fed hard winter wheat diets. Both soft and hard wheat diets were compared with milo basal diets resulting in similar performances and reaffirming that wheat can replace all the milo in a swine diet. The study involving the method of processing the wheat diets indicated that rolled wheat diets resulted in pig performance superior to ground diets. Pelleting wheat diets was superior to both grinding …

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Effect Of Scabby Wheat In Starter Pig Diets (1982), D S. Pollmann, B A. Koch Jan 1982

Effect Of Scabby Wheat In Starter Pig Diets (1982), D S. Pollmann, B A. Koch

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two studies using a total of 64 starter pigs (averaging 16-18 lbs initial weight) to evaluate the influence of varying levels of vornitoxin-contaminated wheat on performance was conducted. In both trials it appears that when vomitoxin levels exceed 1 ppm, a reduction in performance was evident. Feed refusal was evident particularly the first week on the vomitoxin-contaminated wheat. No symptoms of sickness, nor an influence on tissue size and function, were observed. The pigs were unable to compensate for depression in gains after withdrawal of vomitoxin-contaminated wheat.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Influence Of Nonviable Lactobacillus Fermentation Product In Artificially Reared Pigs Challenged With E. Coli (1982), D S. Pollmann, G A. Kennedy, B A. Koch, G L. Allee Jan 1982

Influence Of Nonviable Lactobacillus Fermentation Product In Artificially Reared Pigs Challenged With E. Coli (1982), D S. Pollmann, G A. Kennedy, B A. Koch, G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two trials were conducted to determine the influence of non viable lactobacillus fermentation product (LFP) in artificially reared pigs removed from sows at 24 to 36 hours postpartum. The pigs were fed a non-medicated milk replacer for 21 days in individual cages in an environmentally controlled room. In Trial I, 5 levels (0, .25, .5, 1.0, and 2.0 ml per pig per day) of LFP were used to determine the dosage rate on growth, feed efficiency, mortality rate, white blood cell count, and hematocrit (8 pigs per treatment). No detectable dosage rate was obvserved in Trial I. In Trial II, …

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Stability Of Commercially Available Lactobacillus Products (1982), D S. Pollmann, C A. Bandyk Jan 1982

Stability Of Commercially Available Lactobacillus Products (1982), D S. Pollmann, C A. Bandyk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study was conducted to determine the viability of three commercially available lactobacillus products in nonmedicated and medicated (lincomycin at 100 grams per ton) swine feed in several different environments over a 3-month period. Each product was stored in five environments: refrigeration (40°F), room temperature (70°F) in sealed container, room temperature in unsealed container, swine nursery (90°F) in a sealed container, and swine nursery in an unsealed container. Feed samples were counted for lactobacillus at weeks 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 12 with four replications. The three commercial products differed in stability while maintained in the various environmental conditions. …

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Lysine And Dried Whey Additions In Starter Pig Diets (1982), D S. Pollmann, G A. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1982

Lysine And Dried Whey Additions In Starter Pig Diets (1982), D S. Pollmann, G A. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 943 newly weaned (18 to 30 days of age) pigs were used in five trials to evaluate the addition of lysine and dried whey in starter diets. The results of these studies show that the lysine requirement is 1.2 to 1.3% during the nursery phase (up to approximately 50 lbs). When lysine levels are greater than 1.3% with added L-Iysine monohydrochloride, a reduction in performance will be evident (P<.05). Rolled dried whey appears to be inferior (P<.10) to spray dried whey in starter pig diets.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Effects Of Whey Products On Performance Of Weaned Pigs (1982), S Pope, G L. Allee Jan 1982

Effects Of Whey Products On Performance Of Weaned Pigs (1982), S Pope, G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three trials were conducted utilizing 458 pigs with an average age of 21 days to study the effects of adding whole whey, or partially delactosed whey from two sources in the diet of weaned pigs on growth, feed intake, and feed efficiency. Additionally, the optimum length of time to feed whole whey and the relationship of age at weaning and addition of whey to the diet were studied. The addition of whey to the diets increased performance of the pigs by 2 to 3 pounds at 8 weeks of age. Pigs fed 20% whole whey diets for 2 weeks performed …

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Cell-Mediated Immunity In Weaned Pigs (1982), Frank Blecha, D S. Pollmann, David A. Nichols Jan 1982

Cell-Mediated Immunity In Weaned Pigs (1982), Frank Blecha, D S. Pollmann, David A. Nichols

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The stress of weaning lowers cellular immune reactivity in 2-, 3- and 4-week-old pigs. However, pigs weaned at 5 weeks of age do not exhibit altered cell-mediated immune reactivity. Those changes could alter disease susceptibility in young pigs.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Computerized Heat Loss Evaluation Of Farrowing Houses (1982), H C. George, C K. Spillman, Robert H. Hines Jan 1982

Computerized Heat Loss Evaluation Of Farrowing Houses (1982), H C. George, C K. Spillman, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Accurate and concise heat loss analysis is available through a computer program to help producers. The economic benefit of insulating a new structure or increasing the insulation level of each of the building parts (ceiling, walls, windows, etc.) is calculated by the program. Ventilation is evaluated to assist the swine producer in understanding proper ventilation rates.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Comparison Of Gleptosil With Iron Dextran For Anemia Prevention In Young Pigs (1982), D S. Pollmann, J E. Smith, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, D A. Schoneweis, Robert H. Hines Jan 1982

Comparison Of Gleptosil With Iron Dextran For Anemia Prevention In Young Pigs (1982), D S. Pollmann, J E. Smith, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, D A. Schoneweis, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Gleptosil, a commercial iron product, was compared with iron dextran for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in young pigs. Using 26 litters, pigs (within each litter) were randomly allotted to one of the three treatments: 1) control (no iron), 2) iron dextran (200 mg) and 3) Gleptosil (2OO mg). Blood was collected at 0, 10, 21 and 50 days post-treatment for red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB) concentration, serum iron concentration and serum iron-binding capacity (IBC). At 21 days, 30 pigs (one pig/treatment from each of 10 litters) were killed to determine mg non-heme iron (NHFe) …

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Influence Of Supplemental Light On Sow Performance During And After Lactation (1982), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, D S. Pollmann, Duane L. Davis, James P. Murphy Jan 1982

Influence Of Supplemental Light On Sow Performance During And After Lactation (1982), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, D S. Pollmann, Duane L. Davis, James P. Murphy

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study involving 327 crossbred sows was conducted to determine whether providing supplemental light in farrowing rooms would influence litter weight, number of pigs weaned, piglet survival rate, and subsequent rebreeding performance of sows exposed to 16 hr supplemental light/day during lactation. Litter weight was increased 7.7 lbs or .85 lb per pig weaned. More sows exposed to 16 hr light (83%) were mated by 5 days after weaning than were control sows (68%).; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Eleven-Year Summary Of Ksu On-Farm Swine Testing Program (1982), David A. Nichols, D S. Pollmann, W G. Olson Jan 1982

Eleven-Year Summary Of Ksu On-Farm Swine Testing Program (1982), David A. Nichols, D S. Pollmann, W G. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Records of approximately 11,000 boars and 6,000 gilts enrolled in the KSU on-farm swine test program were summarized. Both boars and gilts reached 220 lbs 5 days sooner in 1980 than 1970. Of the traits evaluated, the largest improvement was a reduction in backfat thickness of 25% from 1970 to 1980. Loin-eye area increased from 1970 to 1975 but declined from 1975 to 1980.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Effect Of Particle Size And Physical Form On Digestibility Of Sun-Cured Alfalfa For Pregnant Sows (1982), L J. Nuzback, D S. Pollmann, Keith C. Behnke Jan 1982

Effect Of Particle Size And Physical Form On Digestibility Of Sun-Cured Alfalfa For Pregnant Sows (1982), L J. Nuzback, D S. Pollmann, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixteen pregnant crossbred sows (second parity) were employed in a digestion trial to evaluate the effect of particle size and physical form of sun-cured alfalfa. The treatment consisted of 1/4 inch meal, 1/4 inch pelleted, 1/2 inch meal, and ½ inch meal pelleted. Utilization of dry matter (DM), digestible energy (DE) and fiber components increased (P<.05) with the 1/4 inch particle size compared to 1/2 inch. Nitrogen utilization was not affected by the two particle sizes. Cellulose digestibility increased (P<.05) when pelleted but other digestion coefficients were not affected. During the third trimester, digestibility of DM, energy and fiber components increased (P<.05) compared to the first trimester. Apparent nitrogen digestibility increased (P<.05) in the third trimester but nitrogen balance and nitrogen retention decreased. The results of this study indicate that alfalfa is equally digested as meal or pellets and increased utilization by gestating sows can be expected with decreased particle size.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Fertility With Artificial Insemination: Gilts That Lock On The Insemination Spirette Vs. Those That Don't (1982), W E. Schmidt, Duane L. Davis, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1982

Fertility With Artificial Insemination: Gilts That Lock On The Insemination Spirette Vs. Those That Don't (1982), W E. Schmidt, Duane L. Davis, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

KSU breeding records show a higher farrowing rate for gilts that "lock" on the insemination spirette at both inseminations as opposed to gilts that "lock" at one insemination or at neither insemination. Continued research is focusing on factors affecting female response to insemination and fertility.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Does Combiotic Administration At Artificial Insemination Improve Fertility? (1982), Duane L. Davis, W E. Scmidt, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1982

Does Combiotic Administration At Artificial Insemination Improve Fertility? (1982), Duane L. Davis, W E. Scmidt, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Injecting gilts with 10 cc's combiotic at artificial insemination did not improve farrowing rate or litter size.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Pregnant Sow Behavior When Housed In Groups And Singly (1982), J V. Craig Jan 1982

Pregnant Sow Behavior When Housed In Groups And Singly (1982), J V. Craig

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pregnant sow housing varies considerably from area to area in Australia. Thus, group housing amounts to less than 10% in Queensland, but probably exceeds 50% in Victoria. Confinement of pregnant sows in individual stalls is the most common alternative to group housing, but sows on some farms are separated from each other by tethers. When group housing is replaced by individual stalls or tethers, piggery managers often cite "bullying" of subordinate sows by dominant ones, especially during feeding, as a major problem leading to the change. Nevertheless, animal welfare proponents object to physical isolation of pregnant sows. McBride proposes that …

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Big Things - Little Things (1982), D D. Pretzer Jan 1982

Big Things - Little Things (1982), D D. Pretzer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study examined the economic effects of applying controllable management factors for farrow-to-finish operations. Average producers in Kansas market 7 pigs/litter with an average feed conversion of 4.58. Improvement in 9 areas of management increased profits on 240 litters by $43,680. Each item appears small. However "Big Things" come from the sum of "Little Things".; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1982

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Alfalfa Silages And Hay And Corn Supplementation For Yearling Steers, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Hinds, J. Hoover Jan 1982

Alfalfa Silages And Hay And Corn Supplementation For Yearling Steers, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Hinds, J. Hoover

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four alfalfa forages were evaluated: 1) hay; 2) low-dry matter (DM) silage; 3) medium-DM silage; and 4) high-DM silage. All forages were full-fed along with 2 lb of supplement or supplement plus 2 or 4 lb of cracked corn. Calves fed hay or medium-DM silage had the fastest and most efficient gains. Hay had the highest intake; low-DM silage, the lowest. Adding corn to the ration improved calf performance slightly, but feed costs per lb of gain were similar for all three levels of corn supplementation. Low- and medium-DM silages were better preserved than high-DM silage, which contained considerable spoilage …

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Naoh Wheat Silage And Alfalfa Haylage For Growing Steers And Heifers, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Nuwanyakpa, J. Hoover Jan 1982

Naoh Wheat Silage And Alfalfa Haylage For Growing Steers And Heifers, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Nuwanyakpa, J. Hoover

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Wheat silage, with and without sodium hydroxide (NaOH), was fed, with or without alfalfa haylage, in an 80-day growing trial. Calves fed NaOH-silage consumed 18% more feed and gained 16% faster than those fed control silage, but feed efficiencies were similar. When 50% of the wheat silage was replaced with alfalfa haylage (DM basis), gains decreased 3.1 and 3.7%, feed intake increased 12.3 and 9.7%, and feed efficiency decreased 23.7 and 14.4% for calves fed control and NaOH silages, respectively. NaOH increased ensiling temperatures by 9 to 12° C during the first 6 weeks. Dry matter recovery from the concrete …

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Forage Sorghum Silage And Summer Annual Silage And Hays For Growing Steers And Heifers, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Nuwanyakpa, Gerry L. Posler Jan 1982

Forage Sorghum Silage And Summer Annual Silage And Hays For Growing Steers And Heifers, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Nuwanyakpa, Gerry L. Posler

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sorghum-Sudan hay and silage and sudangrass hay were compared with forage sorghum silage in an 80-day growing trial involving 60 calves. Calves fed forage sorghum gained 14% faster than those fed sudangrass hay (P<.05). Calves fed either of the two silages consumed less feed (P<.05) but were more efficient (P<.05) than those fed either of the two hays. This and two previous trials indicate that early-harvested summer annual silages and hays produce similar rates of gain but that silages are used 10 to 20% more efficiently by growing cattle. These forages have 75 to 90% of the relative feeding value of average-quality forage sorghum silage. With crude protein content of 12 to 15%, our summer annuals required little, if any, supplemental protein.

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Sila-Bac And Molasses Additives For High Moisture Sorghum Grain, J.I. Heidker, H. Ilg, Keith C. Behnke, K. Bolsen Jan 1982

Sila-Bac And Molasses Additives For High Moisture Sorghum Grain, J.I. Heidker, H. Ilg, Keith C. Behnke, K. Bolsen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sila-bac, molasses, or both combined were evaluated as additives for ensiled high moisture sorghum grain. Control grain had the greatest increase in temperature during ensiling. Grain treated with Sila-bac had the highest lactobacilli count but control grain had the fastest drop in pH. Sila-bac grain was the most stable in air and remained stable for 30 days. Control grain was stable for 21 days; grain treated with molasses or molasses plus Sila-bac was stable until day 5. Group-fed steers receiving Sila-bac grain gained faster and were more efficient than steers fed control or molasses-treated grain. Individually fed steers gained fastest …

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Effect Of Bovatec® And Synovex-S® Implants On Finishing Steer Performance, Lyle W. Lomas Jan 1982

Effect Of Bovatec® And Synovex-S® Implants On Finishing Steer Performance, Lyle W. Lomas

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Cattle fed Bovatec consumed 18.3% less feed and were 19.4% more efficient in feed conversion than controls, with no effect on gain. Synovex-S implants improved gain by 8.2% with no effect on feed intake and feed efficiency. The effects of Bovatec and Synovex-S were additive.

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Fed Cattle Market Is Guardedly Optimistic, Says K-State's Sands, M. Sands Jan 1982

Fed Cattle Market Is Guardedly Optimistic, Says K-State's Sands, M. Sands

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Returns to cattle feeders should move back into the profit column during most of 1982. but feeding margins will remain narrow, says Mike Sands, extension economist specializing in livestock marketing at K-State. "Most of the improvement in profitability compared with last year will result from lower feed and feeder prices, rather than a dramatic rise in fed cattle prices." he points out. With Choice steer prices expected to average in the $64-66 cwt. range during January-June. feeding returns should average on the positive side, in sharp contrast to the average $95-per-head losses suffered during the first half of 1981. Sands …

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