Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Life Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Other Animal Sciences

Kansas State University Libraries

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

2000

Keyword

Articles 1 - 30 of 81

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Air Quality In Swine-Finishing Barns (2000), B Z. Predicala, Ronaldo G. Maghirang, S B. Jerez, J E. Urban, Robert D. Goodband Jan 2000

Air Quality In Swine-Finishing Barns (2000), B Z. Predicala, Ronaldo G. Maghirang, S B. Jerez, J E. Urban, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Air quality was assessed in two commercial swine-finishing barns: one naturally ventilated (NV) and one mechanically ventilated (MV). The concentrations of inhalable dust (IDC), respirable dust (RDC), airborne viable particles, carbon dioxide (CO2), and ammonia (NH3), as well as the air temperature and relative humidity (RH) inside the barns were monitored for 41 weeks. The two barns did not differ significantly (P>0.05) in IDC, RDC, and bioaerosol concentration. Overall mean levels for IDC, RDC, CO2, and NH3 were below the threshold limit values specified by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). However, some measurements exceeded the exposure …

Go to article

Influence Of Dietary Niacin On Finishing Pig Performance And Meat Quality (2000), D E. Real, J C. Woodworth, M J. Webster, B W. James, E Alonso, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, John A. Unruh, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2000

Influence Of Dietary Niacin On Finishing Pig Performance And Meat Quality (2000), D E. Real, J C. Woodworth, M J. Webster, B W. James, E Alonso, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, John A. Unruh, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred forty-four finishing pigs were used to determine the influence of added dietary niacin on their growth performance and meat quality. Gilts grew slower, ate less, and were more efficient than barrows for the entire growth performance period. Increasing dietary niacin levels to 25 g/ton increased ADG in gilts for the first 25 days, but decreased ADG for barrows. No other interactions occurred. From d 25 to 62, ADFI tended to increase for pigs fed up to 100 g/ton niacin, whereas pigs fed 500 g/ton niacin ate less. Dietary niacin level did not significantly affect carcass yield or quality …

Go to article

Comparisons Of Lysine Bioavailability In Spray-Dried Blood Meal, Blood Cells, And Crystalline Lysine In Nursery Pigs (2000), J C. Woodworth, B W. James, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2000

Comparisons Of Lysine Bioavailability In Spray-Dried Blood Meal, Blood Cells, And Crystalline Lysine In Nursery Pigs (2000), J C. Woodworth, B W. James, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three hundred thirty-three nursery pigs (initially 23.7 lb) were used in a 21-d growth assay to determine the lysine bioavailability of spray-dried blood meal, blood cells, and crystalline lysine on growth performance. Regardless of lysine source, ADG improved linearly as dietary lysine increased. However, pigs fed diets containing blood cells gained faster then those fed diets with spraydried blood meal. Pigs fed diets containing crystalline lysine and blood cells had greater ADFI then pigs fed spray-dried blood meal. Feed efficiency improved by 11.6, 13.6, and 12.7% with increasing amounts of L-lysine HCl, spray-dried blood meal, and blood cells, respectively. If …

Go to article

Effects Of Feeder Design (Conventional Dry Feeder, Dry Shelf-Feeder, And Wet/Dry Shelf-Feeder) On Finishing Pigs (2000), N Amornthewaphat, Joe D. Hancock, Keith C. Behnke, Leland J. Mckinney, C W. Starkey, D J. Lee, C L. Jones, J S. Park, D W. Dean Jan 2000

Effects Of Feeder Design (Conventional Dry Feeder, Dry Shelf-Feeder, And Wet/Dry Shelf-Feeder) On Finishing Pigs (2000), N Amornthewaphat, Joe D. Hancock, Keith C. Behnke, Leland J. Mckinney, C W. Starkey, D J. Lee, C L. Jones, J S. Park, D W. Dean

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pigs fed from wet/dry shelf-feeders had 6.8% greater ADG compared to those fed from dry shelf-feeders and used 18.3% less water than those fed from conventional feeders.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 16, 2000

Go to article

Effects Of Vitamins And Mineral Proteinates On Growth Performance And Pork Quality In Finishing Pigs (2000), J S. Park, Donald H. Kropf, K A. Hachmeister, Robert H. Hines, C L. Jones, D W. Dean, D J. Lee, Joe D. Hancock Jan 2000

Effects Of Vitamins And Mineral Proteinates On Growth Performance And Pork Quality In Finishing Pigs (2000), J S. Park, Donald H. Kropf, K A. Hachmeister, Robert H. Hines, C L. Jones, D W. Dean, D J. Lee, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

From 185 to 225 lb BW, no differences in ADG, ADFI, or F/G occurred among pigs fed diets without or with vitamin and trace mineral premixes. Then, from 225 to 266 lb BW, a special premix with megadoses of vitamin E, vitamin C, Mg-proteinate, and Feproteinate was added to the diets of half the pigs given the previous treatments. Growth performance was not different among pigs fed diets without vitamin or with the KSU and special vitamin and mineral premixes. Also, meat quality (color, marbling, and firmness scores; drip, thawing, and cooking losses; shear force; and Hunter L*a*b*) was not …

Go to article

The Optimum Isoleucine:Lysine Ratio In Starter Diets To Maximize Growth Performance Of The Early-Weaned Pig (2000), B W. James, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey Jan 2000

The Optimum Isoleucine:Lysine Ratio In Starter Diets To Maximize Growth Performance Of The Early-Weaned Pig (2000), B W. James, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 360 weanling pigs (initially 12.3 lb BW and approximately 18 d of age) was used in a 14-d growth assay to determine the optimal isoleucine:lysine ratio to maximize growth performance. The 12 experimental treatments consisted of either 1.00 or 1.26% apparent digestible lysine with isoleucine concentrations of 45, 50, 55, 60, or 65% of lysine. Two positive control diets were used with 1.10 and 1.39% apparent digestible lysine and 45% isoleucine:lysine to ensure that lysine was not the first limiting amino acid in the basal diets. The results of this experiment indicate that the optimal apparent digestible …

Go to article

The Effect Of Long-Term Management Ofnative Grass Pastures On Steer Gains (2000), F.K. Brazle, Dale L. Lanham, Jeffrey L. Davidson Jan 2000

The Effect Of Long-Term Management Ofnative Grass Pastures On Steer Gains (2000), F.K. Brazle, Dale L. Lanham, Jeffrey L. Davidson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three hundred thirteen mixed breed steers (558 lb) were used to determine the effect of long-term management of native grass pastures on gain. Steers were allotted randomly to eight pastures previously grazed for 1/2 season (1 steer/2 acres from April to July 15, 81 days) or 3/4 season (1 steer/3 acres from April to August 15, 112 days) from 1990 to 1998. In 1999, all pastures were stocked at 1 steer/2 acres and grazed 83 days until July 15 or 16. The steers received free-choice mineral and were supplemented six times with 2 lb of 20% crude protein range cubes …

Go to article

Alfalfa Hay Levels In Limit-Fed, High-Energy, Growing Diets For Beef Steers (2000), Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, T.B. Farran, H.J. Labrune, R.D. Hunter, James J. Higgins, T.A. Nutsch, R.A. Stock, James S. Drouillard Jan 2000

Alfalfa Hay Levels In Limit-Fed, High-Energy, Growing Diets For Beef Steers (2000), Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, T.B. Farran, H.J. Labrune, R.D. Hunter, James J. Higgins, T.A. Nutsch, R.A. Stock, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred sixty-four crossbred beef steers were used in a 102-day growing study to determine optimum levels of alfalfa hay in limit-fed, high-energy, growing diets. Diets contained steam-flaked corn and 40% Sweet Bran® brand wet corn gluten feed (dry matter basis) with 0, 10, or 20% ground alfalfa hay. A fourth diet containing steam-flaked corn (no Sweet Bran) and 20% ground alfalfa hay was used as a control. Average daily gains and feed efficiencies in the growing phase were greater (P.40) among diets during the finishing phase.

Go to article

Increasing Levels Of Rumensin® In Limit-Fed, High Energy, Growing Diets For Beef Steers And Effects On Subsequent Finishing Performance (2000), Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, T.B. Farran, H.J. Labrune, R.D. Hunter, James J. Higgins, T.A. Nutsch, James S. Drouillard Jan 2000

Increasing Levels Of Rumensin® In Limit-Fed, High Energy, Growing Diets For Beef Steers And Effects On Subsequent Finishing Performance (2000), Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, T.B. Farran, H.J. Labrune, R.D. Hunter, James J. Higgins, T.A. Nutsch, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred sixty-four crossbred beef steers were used to determine optimal Rumensin ® concentrations in limit-fed, high-energy, growing diets. Diets contained 30, 40, or 50 grams of Rumensin per ton of dry matter (R30, R40, and R50). Average daily gain and feed efficiency during the growing phase were not different (P>.80) among treatments. Steers that received R50 in the growing phase had the highest average daily gains during the finishing phase (P.40).

Go to article

Drylot Receiving Program Vs Pasture Conditioning With Micotil® Metaphylaxis For Grazing Stocker Calves (2000), S.I. Paisley, Thomas R. Falkner, F.K. Brazle, Gerald L. Stokka Jan 2000

Drylot Receiving Program Vs Pasture Conditioning With Micotil® Metaphylaxis For Grazing Stocker Calves (2000), S.I. Paisley, Thomas R. Falkner, F.K. Brazle, Gerald L. Stokka

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three stocker cattle field studies were conducted comparing a traditional 4- to 5-week drylot receiving program with injectable antibiotics administered on a pull-and-treat basis versus a pasture-based conditioning program using an initial metaphylaxis with Micotil® followed by immediately placing cattle on grass. Although daily gains were similar (P=.80) for both receiving programs during the first 28 days, pasture conditioning reduced the number of cattle treated and increased (P<.01) daily gains during the subsequent grazing phase.

Go to article

Integrated Control Of Sericea Lespedeza In Kansas (2000), Walter H. Fick Jan 2000

Integrated Control Of Sericea Lespedeza In Kansas (2000), Walter H. Fick

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted near Maple Hill, KS in 1998 to compare the effectiveness of herbicides and mowing used alone and in combination for control of sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata). Remedy® at 0.5 lb/acre was more effective when applied during the vegetative growth stage (>87%) than during flowering or seed production. Ally® at 0.4 oz/acre provided control equivalent to Remedy and was equally effective at both the vegetative and bloom stages. Both herbicides provided less than 60% control when applied during seed production. A single mowing on July 8 was not effective. Mowing followed in 6 weeks by Remedy …

Go to article

Effects Of Feeding Two Microbial Additives In Sequence On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Heifers (2000), G.L. Huck, K.K. Kreikemeier, G.A. Ducharme Jan 2000

Effects Of Feeding Two Microbial Additives In Sequence On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Heifers (2000), G.L. Huck, K.K. Kreikemeier, G.A. Ducharme

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four hundred fifty heifers (846 lb) were used in a 126-day experiment to investigate the effects of feeding two microbial additives, Lactobacillus acidophilus BG2FO4 (MicroCell) and Propionibacterium freudenreichii P-63 (MicroCell PB), alone or in sequence, on feedlot growth performance and carcass characteristics. A 21-day step-up period preceded heifers being placed on a final finishing diet containing 10% corn silage, 42% steam-flaked corn, 42% high-moisture corn, 3% soybean meal, and 3% mineral supplement. Premeasured amounts of microbial additive were mixed with water before being mixed directly with the total ration. Treatments consisted of 1) no microbial additive; 2) MicroCell for the …

Go to article

Thiamin And Riboflavin Retention In Ground Beef Patties Pasteurized By Electron Beam (2000), K.A. Hachmeister, Donald H. Kropf, V.S. Gill, Melvin C. Hunt, R.J. Kaye, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 2000

Thiamin And Riboflavin Retention In Ground Beef Patties Pasteurized By Electron Beam (2000), K.A. Hachmeister, Donald H. Kropf, V.S. Gill, Melvin C. Hunt, R.J. Kaye, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This research focused on the effects of an electron beam irradiation treatment with the Repetitive High Energy Pulsed Power (PHEPP) accelerator at Sandia National Laboratories. Test variables included irradiation/storage temperatures (30 or 0°F), packaging environments (aerobic or nitrogen-flushed), and irradiation dose (0, 1.5, or 3.0 kGy). Ground beef patties formulated to a target fat level of 20% were packaged in barrier film under nitrogen (ca = 400 ppm residual oxygen) or sealed in aerobic packages (no vacuum), stored, and irradiated chilled or frozen. Thiamin and riboflavin levels were not affected (P>.05) by irradiation dose. Thiamin content of irradiated patties …

Go to article

Effects Of Quality Grade, Aging Period, Blade Tenderization, And Degree Of Doneness On Tenderness Of Inside Round Steaks (2000), C.D. George-Evins, John A. Unruh, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 2000

Effects Of Quality Grade, Aging Period, Blade Tenderization, And Degree Of Doneness On Tenderness Of Inside Round Steaks (2000), C.D. George-Evins, John A. Unruh, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used 162 inside rounds to determine the influence of different quality grades, postmortem aging periods, blade tenderization passes, and degree of doneness on thawing and cooking losses and Warner-Bratzler Shear force (WBS, tenderness). Select (SEL), Choice (CHO), and Certified Angus Beef™ (CAB) inside rounds were aged for 7, 14, or 21 days and not tenderized (0X) or blade tenderized one (1X) or two (2X) times. Steaks from each inside round were assigned randomly to final endpoint cooking temperatures of 150, 160, and 170°F. Percentage of thawing loss was higher (P<.05) for steaks aged 7 days than steaks aged 14 and 21 days. For CHO steaks only, cooking loss was higher (P<.05) for the 2X group compared to the 0X and 1X groups. Steaks aged 14 and 21 days had lower (P<.05) WBS than steaks aged 7 days. Cooking loss and WBS were higher (P<.05) with each increase in endpoint cooking temperature. Postmortem aging (14 or 21 days) and lower endpoint cooking temperatures were the most effective methods to improve WBS of inside round steaks.

Go to article

The Ph Of Spray-Dried Blood Meal Does Not Influence Nursery Pig Performance (2000), J C. Woodworth, B W. James, M J. Webster, D E. Real, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2000

The Ph Of Spray-Dried Blood Meal Does Not Influence Nursery Pig Performance (2000), J C. Woodworth, B W. James, M J. Webster, D E. Real, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of spray-dried blood meal and its pH on nursery pig performance. Spray-dried blood meal pH decreases as storage time increases prior to spray drying. In Exp. 1, addition of 2.5% spray-dried blood meal to the diet improved ADG and ADFI in nursery pigs (15.4 lb to 35.9 lb), but did not influence feed efficiency. In Exp. 2, the inclusion of 5% spray-dried blood meal improved feed efficiency without affecting ADG or ADFI. The pH (7.4 to 5.9 in Exp. 1 and 7.6 to 5.9 in Exp. 2) of the blood meal did …

Go to article

Effects Of Frequency Of Supplementation On The Intake And Digestion Of Low-Quality Forage By Beef Steers (2000), C.G. Farmer, R.C. Cochran, D.D. Simms, E.A. Klevesahl, T.A. Wickersham Jan 2000

Effects Of Frequency Of Supplementation On The Intake And Digestion Of Low-Quality Forage By Beef Steers (2000), C.G. Farmer, R.C. Cochran, D.D. Simms, E.A. Klevesahl, T.A. Wickersham

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 43% CP (dry basis) supplement was fed to 16 ruminally fistulated steers on 2, 3, 5, or 7 days a week. Supplement was offered at .36% BW (dry basis) daily for steers that received supplement every day. For other treatments, the same amount of supplement was split equally among supplementation events. Forage intake and digestibility increased with increasing supplementation frequency. However, the difference in forage intake tended (cubic, P=.07) to be most prominent for the two extremes; the 3- and 5-days-a-week treatments tended to be similar. Forage intake for steers supplemented on 2 days a week decreased on the …

Go to article

Effects Of Carnitine On Performance Of Finishing Steers (2000), R.H. Greenwood, C.A. Löest, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard Jan 2000

Effects Of Carnitine On Performance Of Finishing Steers (2000), R.H. Greenwood, C.A. Löest, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ninety-five crossbred steers (787 lb initial body weight) were fed finishing diets (14.5% crude protein) for 129 days. Diets were based on steam-flaked corn and contained 6% alfalfa and 4% tallow. Steers were supplemented with 2 g per day of L-carnitine, or not supplemented (control). Feed intakes, gains, and feed efficiencies were not impacted by carnitine supplementation. However, steers receiving L-carnitine had fatter carcasses as indicated by tendencies (P<.2) for more subcutaneous fat, higher marbling scores, and higher yield grades. Carnitine supplementation may increase fat deposition and alter carcass quality of finishing cattle.

Go to article

Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Risk Assessment For Blade-Tenderized Beef Steaks (2000), H. Thippareddi, S. Sporing, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 2000

Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Risk Assessment For Blade-Tenderized Beef Steaks (2000), H. Thippareddi, S. Sporing, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The potential translocation of E. coli O157:H7 from the surface to the interior of whole muscle by blade tenderization was evaluated. Beef top sirloin subprimals were inoculated with 106 or 103 cfu/cm2 and passed once through a Ross blade tenderization unit. Core samples showed a translocation of 3 to 4% of surface inoculum to the geometric center of the subprimal. A second study evaluated thermal destruction of E. coli O157:H7 in blade tenderized (BT) steaks compared to nontenderized (NT) steaks of three thicknesses when ovenbroiled. Subprimal surfaces were inoculated to a level of 107 cfu/cm2 and blade tenderized. Steaks cut …

Go to article

Effects Of Creatine Monohydrate On Finishing Pig Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Meat Quality (2000), B W. James, P R. O'Quinn, B S. Andrews, Robert D. Goodband, John A. Unruh, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 2000

Effects Of Creatine Monohydrate On Finishing Pig Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Meat Quality (2000), B W. James, P R. O'Quinn, B S. Andrews, Robert D. Goodband, John A. Unruh, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality were evaluated from 320 pigs fed either a control diet or diets containing added creatine monohydrate (CMH). Dietary treatments, initiated 30-d prior to slaughter (192 lb BW), consisted of: 1) a control diet; 2) control diet with 3 g CMH/pig/d for 30 d (maintenance); 3) 25 g CMH/pig/d for 5 d followed by 3 g CMH/pig/d for the next 25 d (early load); 4) or 25 g CMH/pig/d 5 d before slaughter (late load). The results from this experiment suggest that added CMH does not affect finishing pig growth performance but may increase …

Go to article

Effects Of Nonprotein Nitrogen Source In Blocks On Intake And Digestion Of Prairie Hay By Steers (2000), C.A. Löest, James S. Drouillard, B.D. Lambert, A.M. Trater, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2000

Effects Of Nonprotein Nitrogen Source In Blocks On Intake And Digestion Of Prairie Hay By Steers (2000), C.A. Löest, James S. Drouillard, B.D. Lambert, A.M. Trater, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This intake and digestion study evaluated source of nonprotein nitrogen in cooked molasses blocks supplemented to 18 steers (590 lb) with ad libitum access to prairie hay, Treatments were 1) control (no block), 2) a block containing 60% crude protein with 83% from urea (UREA block), and 3) a block containing 60% crude protein with 42% from urea and 42% from biuret (UREA/BIURET block). Blocks were broken into small pieces to facilitate rapid consumption and fed once daily at .125% of body weight. Forage intake increased by 22%, total intakes (forage plus block) increased by 28%, and digestible organic matter …

Go to article

Effects Of Sickness On Weight Gain And Radiant Energy Loss In Recently Received Feeder Cattle (2000), M.F. Spire, J.M. Sargeant, James S. Drouillard Jan 2000

Effects Of Sickness On Weight Gain And Radiant Energy Loss In Recently Received Feeder Cattle (2000), M.F. Spire, J.M. Sargeant, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sickness from undifferentiated respiratory disease in recently received feeder cattle reduced weight gain and altered radiant energy loss. Over a 35-day receiving period, weight gains were reduced 26.3% if an animal was diagnosed as sick once and 48.1% if diagnosed sick more than once. Thermal profiles obtained 10 or more days following clinical illness were cooler than profiles of animals never diagnosed as being sick. Our data suggest that respiratory disease alters metabolic activity as evidenced by reduced weight gain and a detectable decrease in radiant energy loss from the body surface.

Go to article

Differences In Serum Immunoglobulin G1 And Total Protein Concentrations In Neonatal Calves On Days 1, 5, And 10 (2000), L.E. Wankel, T.T. Marston, Gerald L. Stokka, Timothy G. Rozell Jan 2000

Differences In Serum Immunoglobulin G1 And Total Protein Concentrations In Neonatal Calves On Days 1, 5, And 10 (2000), L.E. Wankel, T.T. Marston, Gerald L. Stokka, Timothy G. Rozell

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) serum concentrations are used to evaluate passive transfer of immunity in neonatal calves. Total serum proteins also can be measured to evaluate calf health. If IgG1 and total serum protein concentrations change with age, it becomes imperative to compare samples only from a narrow time period. Otherwise, differences might be due to age and not immune status. To help define this time period, blood was drawn from 10 beef calves when they were 1, 5, and 10 days of age. Serum samples were analyzed for IgG1 and total protein concentrations. Total protein concentrations decreased from days 1 …

Go to article

Effects Of Dystocia And Confined Calving On Calf-Morbidity Rate From Birth To Weaning (2000), M.W. Sanderson, D.A. Dargatz Jan 2000

Effects Of Dystocia And Confined Calving On Calf-Morbidity Rate From Birth To Weaning (2000), M.W. Sanderson, D.A. Dargatz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An analysis was performed on data from a national survey of US beef cow-calf producers to quantify the effects of management factors on calf-morbidity risk from birth to weaning. The analysis included 2,490 herds from 23 states. A high calf-morbidity herd was defined as one with greater than 10% morbidity. The rate of dystocia in the herd was categorized into five levels. All dystocia levels were associated significantly with increased risk of being a high calf-morbidity herd. Having greater than 70% of cows and heifers calve in confinement also was associated with increased risk of being a high calf-morbidity herd. …

Go to article

Factors Influencing The Initiation Of Estrous Cycles And Expression Of Estrus In Beef Cows (2000), Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 2000

Factors Influencing The Initiation Of Estrous Cycles And Expression Of Estrus In Beef Cows (2000), Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Body condition, parity, and days postpartum at the onset of the breeding season determine the proportion of cows that initiated first postpartum ovarian activity and ovulated before the start of the breeding season. Hormonal treatments that included both GnRH and a source of progestin enhanced expression of estrus and led to greater pregnancy rates of suckled beef cows.

Go to article

Quality And Display Life Of Chilled Or Frozen All-Natural Beef And Beef-Buffalo Frankfurters (2000), R. Limsupavanich, Donald H. Kropf, K.A. Hachmeister, T.M. Loughin, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle, Michael A. Boland Jan 2000

Quality And Display Life Of Chilled Or Frozen All-Natural Beef And Beef-Buffalo Frankfurters (2000), R. Limsupavanich, Donald H. Kropf, K.A. Hachmeister, T.M. Loughin, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle, Michael A. Boland

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Chilled (35±3°F) or frozen (0±3°F) all-natural beef and beef-buffalo frankfurters made with or without sodium nitrite (NaNO2) were evaluated. Treatments included frankfurters made with: all-natural beef without NaNO2 and displayed frozen (B0F); all-natural beef and buffalo without NaNO2 and displayed frozen (BU0F); all-natural beef with NaNO2 and displayed frozen (BNF) or chilled (BNC). Batter pH, smokehouse yield, and proximate analysis were determined. No differences (P>.05) were noted in batter pH, smokehouse yield, proximate analysis, or cooking yield. Day of display had no influence (P>.05) on oxidation. However, BU0F had the highest (P.05) during display. Nitrite-free frankfurters can be …

Go to article

Effects Of Quality Grade, Aging Period, Blade Tenderization, And Degree Of Doneness On Tenderness Of Top Sirloin Butt Steaks (2000), C.D. George-Evins, John A. Unruh, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 2000

Effects Of Quality Grade, Aging Period, Blade Tenderization, And Degree Of Doneness On Tenderness Of Top Sirloin Butt Steaks (2000), C.D. George-Evins, John A. Unruh, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used 162 top sirloin butts to determine the influence of different quality grades, postmortem aging periods, blade tenderization passes, and degree of doneness on thawing and cooking losses and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBS, tenderness). Select (SEL), Choice (CHO), and Certified Angus Beef™ (CAB) top sirloin butts (n=54 for each) were aged for 7, 14, or 21 days and not tenderized (OX) or blade tenderized one (1X) or two (2X) times. Steaks from each top sirloin butt were assigned randomly to final endpoint cooking temperatures of 150, 160, and 170°F. Each longer aging period resulted in lower (P<.05, more tender) WBS. In addition, steaks blade tenderized 2X had lower (P<.05) WBS than steaks not tenderized or blade tenderized 1X. Within each quality grade, WBS increased (P<.05) as endpoint cooking temperature increased. When cooked to 160 or 170°F, CHO and CAB steaks had lower (P<.05) WBS than SEL steaks. Increased aging periods and blade tenderization passes of top sirloin butt steaks improved tenderness. When cooking to higher endpoint temperatures, using higher quality grades will minimize toughness caused by cooking.

Go to article

Effects Of Stage Of Maturity At Harvest And Kernel Processing On The Nutrient Digestibility Of Corn Silage (2000), T.J. Wistuba, L.A. Whitlock, M.K. Siefers, K.K. Bolsen, Ronald V. Pope Jan 2000

Effects Of Stage Of Maturity At Harvest And Kernel Processing On The Nutrient Digestibility Of Corn Silage (2000), T.J. Wistuba, L.A. Whitlock, M.K. Siefers, K.K. Bolsen, Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twelve ruminally cannulated crossbred steers were used to evaluate the effects of stage of maturity and kernel processing (rolling) of whole-plant corn silage on nutrient digestibilities. The six silage rations were: 50% milkline, 80% milkline, and 7 days after-black layer (7BL) each ensiled processed (rolled) or unprocessed. Steers consuming the 80% milkline and 7BL processed rations had numerically higher DM and OM digestibilities, and all processed rations had numerically higher starch digestibilities. However, the three processed rations had numerically lower fiber digestibilities (NDF and/or ADF). Steers consuming the 80% milkline rations had numerically higher nutrient digestibilities than those fed the …

Go to article

In Vitro Degradation Of Betaine By Ruminal Microbes (2000), C.A. Löest, C.K. Armendariz, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2000

In Vitro Degradation Of Betaine By Ruminal Microbes (2000), C.A. Löest, C.K. Armendariz, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the degradation of betaine sources by rumen microbes. Five sources of betaine (anhydrous betaine, betaine-HCl, feed-grade betaine, lipidcoated betaine, and concentrated separator byproduct) were incubated in rumen fluid collected from steers fed grain- or forage-based diets. In vitro degradation of betaine was slower with the high roughage diet than the grain diet. Betaine from concentrated separator by-product was degraded most rapidly, but no large differences occurred among the other four sources. The disappearance of betaine from lipid-coated product indicates that it did not resist ruminal degradation. Although betaine from all sources was …

Go to article

Translocation Of Natural Microflora From Muscle Surface To Interior By Blade Tenderization (2000), M.N. Hajmeer, E. Ceylan, James L. Marsden, Randall K. Phebus Jan 2000

Translocation Of Natural Microflora From Muscle Surface To Interior By Blade Tenderization (2000), M.N. Hajmeer, E. Ceylan, James L. Marsden, Randall K. Phebus

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effect of blade tenderization on translocation of natural microflora from the surface to the interior of longissimus dorsi steaks aged for 7, 14, and 21 days was evaluated. Samples from the exterior and interior of steaks from blade-tenderized (BT) and non-blade-tenderized (N-BT) strip loins were analyzed for aerobic plate, coliform, and Escherichia coli counts. Results showed that BT translocated microorganisms (aerobic plate counts) from the exterior to the interior of muscle. Microorganism numbers increased with extended storage (P<.05). Counts of coliforms and Escherichia coli recovered from BT steaks were comparable to those from N-BT steaks because of very low exterior counts, showing the importance of good hygiene.

Go to article

Evaluation Of Two Prostaglandin Products In Pregnant Sows For Initiation Of Luteolysis (2000), E I. Evans, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, Duane L. Davis, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2000

Evaluation Of Two Prostaglandin Products In Pregnant Sows For Initiation Of Luteolysis (2000), E I. Evans, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, Duane L. Davis, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used 66 pregnant sows to compare serum progesterone concentrations following a single injection of either saline or one of two prostaglandin F2a products approved for use in swine. Pregnant sows in a commercial swine farm were assigned to one of the three groups in a completely randomized design balanced across treatment for parity and day of gestation. Each sow received a single intramuscular dose (2 mL) on d 111, 112, or 113 of gestation. Mean serum progesterone concentrations were decreased significantly at 6 and 12 hours after dose administration of both prostaglandin products. However, these effects did not differ. …

Go to article

Next Last