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Kansas State University Libraries

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

1990

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Articles 1 - 30 of 69

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Increasing Levels Of Grain Supplementation For Intensive-Early Stocked Steers: Two-Year Summary (1990), R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, E.M. Clary, Clenton E. Owensby Jan 1990

Increasing Levels Of Grain Supplementation For Intensive-Early Stocked Steers: Two-Year Summary (1990), R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, E.M. Clary, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

During the first 2 yr of a 4-yr experiment, increasing the level of grain sorghum supplementation (from 2 to 4 Ibid) for steers managed within an intensive-early stocking program tended to increase average daily gain in direct proportion to supplement level (2.3 (no supplement) to 2.5 and 2.7 lb/d, respectively). During both years, the amount of grass remaining in the pastures after the cattle were removed (July 15) and at the end of the growing season (October 1) was greater when cattle were supplemented with 4 lb of grain sorghum. Level of supplementation for grazing steers did not influence subsequent …

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Indigenous Microflora On Alfalfa And Corn, And Population Changes During Ensiling (1990), C. Lin, R.A. Hart, K.K. Bolsen, J.T. Dickerson, J.L. Curtis Jan 1990

Indigenous Microflora On Alfalfa And Corn, And Population Changes During Ensiling (1990), C. Lin, R.A. Hart, K.K. Bolsen, J.T. Dickerson, J.L. Curtis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Enterobacteriaceae, yeasts, molds, and lactate-using yeasts were examined on four cuttings of alfalfa, each at three maturity stagest and three com hybrids in 1989. In addition, microflora population changes were traced during ensiling for the second and fourth cutting alfalfas and the three com hybrids. Enterobacteriaceae were predominant on alfalfa; yeasts, molds, and Enterobacteriaceae predominated on com. Higher proportions of lactate-using yeast were found on com than alfalfa. Lactic acid bacteria comprised a small (104 to 105 CFU/g) proportion of the total (lot») populations, with streptococci the main indigenous LAB group. Lactobacilli, pediococci, and leuconostoc were …

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Postfinishing Mineralization Of Skeletal Tissue In Replacement Gilts (1990), R I. Nicholson, G E. Fitzner, Robert H. Hines, Robert D. Goodband, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1990

Postfinishing Mineralization Of Skeletal Tissue In Replacement Gilts (1990), R I. Nicholson, G E. Fitzner, Robert H. Hines, Robert D. Goodband, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Thirty-two crossbred gilts averaging 250 /b were selected for the experiment at the conclusion of the finishing phase. Eight of the gilts were slaughtered on d 0 to serve as a pretreatment control group. The remaining 24 gilts were assigned to three dietary treatments to provide daily 100% (14 g/d Ca and 11.3 g/d P), 150% (22.5 g/d Ca and 16.6 g/d P), and 200% (29.9 g/d Ca and 22.0 g/d P) of the Ca/P level consumed per d during the finishing phase. These gilts were slaughtered 35 d later at 291 lb. Gilts receiving 29.9 g/d Ca and 22.0 …

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Comparison Of Two Atrophic Rhinitis Vaccines For Young Pigs (1990), D A. Schoneweis, Robert H. Hines Jan 1990

Comparison Of Two Atrophic Rhinitis Vaccines For Young Pigs (1990), D A. Schoneweis, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two farrowing groups (340 pigs) were used to evaluate two atrophic rhinitis vaccines (Atrobac III and Tocivac for the young pig. Both vaccines were effective, because no clinical evidence of atrophic rhinitis was observed for either treatment during the experiment. Although the swine herd had been observed in previous farrowing do have various degrees of conjunctivitis, none was observed in the pigs vaccinated with either vaccine. Weight gains of pigs at 14 d and 35 d postweaning were the same for each treatment.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 15, 1990

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Effect Of Acidification On Starter Pig Performance And Nutrient Digestibility (1990), T L. Weeden, J A. Hansen, K L. Richardson, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1990

Effect Of Acidification On Starter Pig Performance And Nutrient Digestibility (1990), T L. Weeden, J A. Hansen, K L. Richardson, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred ninety-six pigs (21 d of age and 12.3 lb initial wt) were used to evaluate the effect of adding an organic acid blend (OAB) to starter diets on growth performance and nutrient digestibility. The four dietary treatments consisted of a control diet and the GAB replacing corn at 3, 4.5, and 6 lb/ton in both phases 1 and 2. In phase 1 (0 to 14 d) diets, contained 20% dried skim milk, 20% dried whey, and 5% soybean oil. Phase 2 diets (15 to 35 d) contained 10% dried whey and 5% soybean oil. There was no response …

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Protein Sparing Effect Of A Fermentation Product In Pig Diets From Weaning To Market (1990), J A. Swanson, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1990

Protein Sparing Effect Of A Fermentation Product In Pig Diets From Weaning To Market (1990), J A. Swanson, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred eighty pigs (avg wt of 21.11b) were used in an experiment to determine if a fermentation product improves performance and reduces last rib fat thickness in pigs when added to a low-protein diet regimen. Treatments were: 1) positive control (19-16-14% crude protein regimen during the nursery-growing-finishing phases); 2) positive control plus 2.50 lb/ton fermentation product; 3) low-protein regimen (17-14-12% crude protein during the nursery-growing-finishing phases); 4) low-protein regimen plus 1.25 lb/ton fermentation product; 5) low-protein regimen plus 2.50 lb/ton fermentation product; and 6) low-protein regimen plus 5.00 lb/ton fermentation product. As addition of fermentation product was increased from …

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Effects Of Modified Atmosphere Packaging And Carcass Chill Rate On Pork Loins (1990), O Sorheim, Melvin C. Hunt, M Menninen, K E. Warren, Donald H. Kropf Jan 1990

Effects Of Modified Atmosphere Packaging And Carcass Chill Rate On Pork Loins (1990), O Sorheim, Melvin C. Hunt, M Menninen, K E. Warren, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Use of 10% oxygen in a modified gas atmosphere package resulted in more off-odor, higher microbial counts, and a less desirably colored loin and loin chops. Furthermore, it reduced chop display life and is not recommended.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 15, 1990

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Litter Size For Gilts Fed Higher Levels Of Folic Acid And Riboflavin During Gestation (1990), C Zhang, D Li, Jim L. Nelssen, Duane L. Davis Jan 1990

Litter Size For Gilts Fed Higher Levels Of Folic Acid And Riboflavin During Gestation (1990), C Zhang, D Li, Jim L. Nelssen, Duane L. Davis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We fed gilts diets containing either additional folic acid throughout gestation (1.5 g/ton, 4.5 lb/gilt daily), additional riboflavin (100 mg/gilt daily) from d 4 to 10 of gestation, both folic acid and riboflavin, or neither supplement All diets provided all KSU recommended allowances for all other nutrients. Neither farrowing rate nor litter size was affected by the treatments.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 15, 1990

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Analysis Of Kansas Hog Enterprise Returns From 1981-1990 (1990), Michael R. Langemeier Jan 1990

Analysis Of Kansas Hog Enterprise Returns From 1981-1990 (1990), Michael R. Langemeier

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Estimated historical return distributions for farrow-to-finish, feeder pig finishing, and feeder pig producing operations in Kansas from 1981-1990 were examined. Average returns per head were the highest and downside risk was the lowest for farrow-to-finish operations over this period. However, the required investment in buildings, equipment, and breeding stock per head was also higher for this operation. Thus, a tradeoff exists between returns per head and capital requirements per head.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 15, 1990

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Low Test-Weight Sorghum For Growing-Finishing Swine (1990), J A. Hansen, R C. Thaler, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1990

Low Test-Weight Sorghum For Growing-Finishing Swine (1990), J A. Hansen, R C. Thaler, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two growth studies were conducted to determine the effects of substituting lower test-weight sorghum (35 lb/bu as LOW or 45 lb/bu as MED) for normal test-weight sorghum (55 lb/bu NORM), in growing and finishing swine diets. One-hundred twelve pigs (50 lb initial wt) were fed for 28 d in the grower study and 80 pigs (120 lb initial wt) were fed for 51 d in the finisher study. Diets were formulated to contain .80 and .65% lysine for the grower and finisher trials, respectively, using NORM and soybean meal; LOW and MED were substituted on a wt/wt basis for NORM. …

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Processing Method Affects The Nutritional Value Of Low-Inhibitor Soybeans For Nursery Pigs (1990), A J. Lewis, D B. Jones, M A. Giesemann, B J. Healy, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1990

Processing Method Affects The Nutritional Value Of Low-Inhibitor Soybeans For Nursery Pigs (1990), A J. Lewis, D B. Jones, M A. Giesemann, B J. Healy, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred weanling pigs (16.5 lb avg initial wt) were used in a 35-d growth assay to determine the effects of processing method (roasting in a Roast-A-Tron roaster vs extrusion in an Insta-Pro extruder) on the nutritional value of Williams 82 soybeans with (+K) and without (-K) gene expression for the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor. Treatments were: 1) soybean meal with added soybean oil, 2) + K roasted, 3) + K extruded, 4) -K roasted, and 5) -K extruded. All diets were corn-based and formulated to contain .92% lysine and 3.50 Mcal/kg DE for d 0 to 14 of the experiment …

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Effect Of Replacing Dried Skim Milk With Specially Processed Soy Products On Digestibility Of Nutrients And Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (1990), D B. Jones, P G. Reddy, R D. Klemm, Frank Blecha, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1990

Effect Of Replacing Dried Skim Milk With Specially Processed Soy Products On Digestibility Of Nutrients And Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (1990), D B. Jones, P G. Reddy, R D. Klemm, Frank Blecha, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred twenty-eight pigs (21 d of age and 11.7 lb) were used to determine the effects of feeding specially processed soy products and lactose versus dried skim milk on growth performance and nutrient digestibility. For d 0-14, pigs received pelleted diets that were: 1) corn-soybean meal-whey control; 2) a high nutrient density diet (HNDD) containing 20% dried skim milk and 20% dried whey; 3 and 4) the HNDD with soy protein isolate replacing 50% and 100% of the protein supplied by dried skim milk; 5 and 6) the HNDD with soy protein concentrate replacing 50% and 100% of the …

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Effect Of Substituting Spray-Dried Plasma Protein For Milk Products In Starter Pig Diets (1990), J A. Hansen, K G. Friesen, T L. Weeden, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1990

Effect Of Substituting Spray-Dried Plasma Protein For Milk Products In Starter Pig Diets (1990), J A. Hansen, K G. Friesen, T L. Weeden, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two growth trials utilizing 444 weaned pigs were conducted to determine the efficacy of substituting spray-dried porcine plasma protein (PP) for dried skim milk (DSM) and/or dried whey (DW) in starter pig diets. Trial 1 was a field study in which 240 pigs were fed either a control diet containing 20% DSM and 20% DW during phase I (0 to 14 d postweaning) and 15% DW and 5% select menhaden fishmeal in phase II (14 to 28 d postweaning) of the 28 d trial. Plasma protein was substituted on a lysine basis for DSM in the phase I diet and …

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The Effects Of Additional Niacin During Gestation And Lactation On Sow And Litter Performance (1990), T L. Weeden, D F. Li, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1990

The Effects Of Additional Niacin During Gestation And Lactation On Sow And Litter Performance (1990), T L. Weeden, D F. Li, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred and twenty-one first-litter sows were utilized to evaluate the effects of additional niacin on sow and litter performance through two parities. The control diet provided sows with 50 mg/d niacin during gestation and 100 mg/d niacin during lactation. Dietary treatments were formulated to provide sows with either 5 or 10 times the level of supplemental niacin in the control diet. Litter size was equalized within dietary treatment by 24 hr after farrowing. During the first parity, total pigs born, number of pigs born alive, and pigs equalized per litter decreased then increased as dietary niacin level increased. However, …

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Improving On-Farm Mixing Efficiency (1990), Robert D. Goodband Jan 1990

Improving On-Farm Mixing Efficiency (1990), Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Particle size reduction has a great impact on efficiency of feed utilization. Decreasing particle size improves digestibility of nutrients by increasing surface area and allowing for greater interaction with digestive enzymes. In addition, particle size reduction can influence how uniformly feed is mixed and potential for segregation of ingredients. Mixing equipment and times also need to be evaluated to ensure feed uniformity. Very often suggested mixing times underestimate the amount of time necessary to thoroughly mix feed. Items such as worn paddles or ribbons, ribbon or paddle speed, and overfilling mixers increase the time necessary for adequate feed mixing and …

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Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin And Dietary Lysine Level On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine Fed To 280 Lb. (1990), M E. Johnston, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf Jan 1990

Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin And Dietary Lysine Level On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine Fed To 280 Lb. (1990), M E. Johnston, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred twenty barrows with an initial wt of 130 lb were utilized to determine the effects of dietary lysine level and porcine somatotropin (pST) injection on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs fed to heavy market weights (280 lb). Pigs were injected daily in the extensor muscle of the neck with either 4 mg pST or a placebo and fed diets containing either .8, 1.0, 1.2, or 1.4% dietary lysine. Performance data were collected and evaluated for three weight ranges : 130 to 230 lb, 230 to 280 lb, and 130 to 280 lb. Two pigs from …

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Effect Of Niacin Supplementation Of Stockers Grazing Tall Fescue Pastures (1990), F.K. Brazle, K.P. Coffey, L.R. Corah, Joseph L. Moyer Jan 1990

Effect Of Niacin Supplementation Of Stockers Grazing Tall Fescue Pastures (1990), F.K. Brazle, K.P. Coffey, L.R. Corah, Joseph L. Moyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In three trials, there was no gain response by stockers offered supplemental niacin while grazing tall fescue pasture in the spring or fall. There was a trend toward lower body temperatures for niacin-supplemented cattle, but this was not significant. Niacin fed at 2 to 4 g per head daily did not reduce the fescue endophyte fungus problem.

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Dose Response To Supplemental Fat By Finishing Steers (1990), S.M. Gramlich, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope Jan 1990

Dose Response To Supplemental Fat By Finishing Steers (1990), S.M. Gramlich, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A trial with 100 head of crossbred steers (avg wt 879 lb) was conducted to determine the effects of tallow (none, 2, 4, 6, 8% of ration dry matter) on the performance and carcass characteristics of finishing cattle fed a corn-based diet. Protein levels were maintained at a constant ratio to the calculated metabolizable energy concentration of the diets. Initially, feed intake decreased as tallow increased; however, similar intakes were obtained after 11 days. Dry matter intakes throughout the finishing period were reduced 5.2, 6.9 and 7.7%, respectively, for the 4, 6 and 8% tallow diets. Average daily gain was …

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Effect Of Fats And Ionophores On In Vitro Fermentation Of A High Concentrate Diet (1990), E.M. Clary, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 1990

Effect Of Fats And Ionophores On In Vitro Fermentation Of A High Concentrate Diet (1990), E.M. Clary, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Batch culture fermentations were used to determine the effects of fat type [none, animal tallow (AT), soybean oil soapstock (SOY), or yellow grease (YG)] and ionophore type [none, lasalocid (L), monensin + tylosin in a ratio of 2.5:1 (MT), or a 50:50 combination of Land MT (LMT)] on in vitro concentrations of lactate (LA) and volatile fatty acids (VFA). Fat-containing substrates had 4% fat on a dry basis. No significant interactions between fat and ionophore treatments were observed. Ionophore treatment resulted in a reduced pH, with the greatest reduction in the L treatment. lbtal VFA and LA increased with ionophore …

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The Effects Of Dietary Threonine And Porcine Somatotropin Dosage On Nitrogen Balance In Finishing Swine (1990), J A. Swanson, B R. Schricker, D F. Li, J A. Hansen, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1990

The Effects Of Dietary Threonine And Porcine Somatotropin Dosage On Nitrogen Balance In Finishing Swine (1990), J A. Swanson, B R. Schricker, D F. Li, J A. Hansen, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fifteen crossbred barrows were utilized to determine the effects of porcine somatotropin (pST) administration in combination with increasing dietary threonine levels on nitrogen retention and growth performance. Barrows averaging 147.3 lb were allotted in a split-plot arrangement with pST dosage (0, 4, or 8 mg/d) as the whole plot, and dietary threonine level (.45, .55, .65, .75, and .85%) as the subplot. These threonine values ranged from 112 to 212% of the dietary threonine estimate for finishing pigs (NRC 1988). All pigs within each pST dosage treatment received each diet for an 8-d period in a Latin square design. Diets …

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Performance Of Steers Limit-Fed In Drylot Or On Mature Native Pasture (1990), F.K. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl Jan 1990

Performance Of Steers Limit-Fed In Drylot Or On Mature Native Pasture (1990), F.K. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Growing steers were limit-fed the same amount of a grain- and silage-based ration either in drylot or on dormant native range. The steers wintered on pasture gained 14.2% slower (1.82 V5 2.08 lb/d; P<.01) and were 15.3% less efficient than those in drylot, apparently because of increased energy expenditure from voluntary exercise.

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Leukotoxin Production By Fusobacterium Necrophorum Biotypes (1990), Z. Tan, M. M. Chengappa, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 1990

Leukotoxin Production By Fusobacterium Necrophorum Biotypes (1990), Z. Tan, M. M. Chengappa, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fusobacterium necrophorum biotypes A and B were grown anaerobically to detect their leukotoxin production. Both biotypes exerted the highest leukotoxic effect on bovine leukocytes in the late logarithmic and early stationary growth places. Biotype A produced more leukotoxin than biotype B throughout all phases of bacterial growth. Results are consistent with the findings that biotype A is more virulent than biotype B.

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Effect Of Inoculant And Enzyme Additives On Preservation And Nutritive Value Of Alfalfa Silage (1990), J.S. White, K.K. Bolsen, R.A. Hart Jan 1990

Effect Of Inoculant And Enzyme Additives On Preservation And Nutritive Value Of Alfalfa Silage (1990), J.S. White, K.K. Bolsen, R.A. Hart

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants and several enzyme additives were evaluated in various combinations using fifth cutting alfalfa. The field-wilted crop was characterized by a high buffer capacity (63.0 meq/100g of DM), low fermentable carbohydrate (5.4% of the DM), and a high number of indigenous LAB (over one million per g). In contrast to several previous studies, the inoculants and enzymes had very little effect on rate and efficiency of fermentation. The 90-d treated silages had similar fiber and digestibility values, compared to the control. Treated silages tended to have higher lactic acid values, but all silages had relatively high …

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Feed Mills For On-Farm Feed Manufacturing (1990), James P. Murphy, Joseph P. Harner Jan 1990

Feed Mills For On-Farm Feed Manufacturing (1990), James P. Murphy, Joseph P. Harner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Quality feed can be manufactured on farm using hammer or roller mills for particle size reduction and volumetric or weighing devices for proportioning ingredients. An understanding of each of the seven steps involved will enhance the ability to manufacture a quality feed for maximum feed efficiency at a feasible price.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 15, 1990

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Fat Source Effects On Finishing Steer Digestion And Metabolism (1990), B.J. Bock, D.L. Harmon, Robert T. Brandt Jr., J.E. Schneider Jan 1990

Fat Source Effects On Finishing Steer Digestion And Metabolism (1990), B.J. Bock, D.L. Harmon, Robert T. Brandt Jr., J.E. Schneider

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A replicated 3 x 3 Latin square design was used to explore the effects of fat source (none vs 3.5% soybean oil soapstock or animal tallow) when fed with high (1.0%) calcium on digestion and metabolism of a finishing diet by steers. Adding fat did not affect site or extent of starch or dry matter digestion. A net synthesis of long chain fatty acids occurred in the rumen. Feeding fat tended (P=.ll) to depress bacterial N flowing at the duodenum but did not affect nonbacterial N or total N.

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Utilization Of Steam-Flaked Milo Or Corn And Supplemental Fat By Finishing Steers (1990), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Gerry L. Kuhl, A.S. Freeman, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 1990

Utilization Of Steam-Flaked Milo Or Corn And Supplemental Fat By Finishing Steers (1990), Robert T. Brandt Jr., Gerry L. Kuhl, A.S. Freeman, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred forty crossbred yearling steers (815 lb) were utilized to evaluate grain type (steam flaked com vs steam flaked milo) and supplemental fat (O or 4% yellow grease) on finishing performance. There were no differences in carcass-adjusted average daily gain, feed intake, or feed conversion between steers fed milo vs com. Calculated NEtn and NEg contents of flaked milo were approximately 99% those of flaked com and 15 to 20% greater than those of dry rolled milo (NRC, 1984). Supplemental yellow grease increased (P=.12) average daily gain 4.4% and improved (P<.05) feed efficiency 6%. There were no grain type x fat interactions for any performance parameter measured. Steers fed milo had smaller (P<.05) ribeye areas and tended to have more baclcfat and internal (KPH) fat than com-fed steers. As a result, milo-fed steers had a higher (P<.OOI) yield grade. Steers fed com had a higher (P<.OOI) degree of yellow pigmentation in external fat than those fed milo. Supplemental yellow grease resulted in an additive increase (P<.025) in yellow pigmentation. There were no differences in peak shear force or sensory traits of beef longissimus muscle as a result of either grain type or fat level. Our data indicate that steam flaking can increase the net energy value of milo to nearly that of flaked com, with no detrimental effects on the quality of beef produced.

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Influence Of Fat And Ionophores On Performance Of Finishing Steers (1990), E.M. Clary, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope Jan 1990

Influence Of Fat And Ionophores On Performance Of Finishing Steers (1990), E.M. Clary, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred ninety-two crossbred steers were used in a 2 x 4 factorially arranged experiment to study the effects of including fat and ionophores in finishing rations. Main effects were level of supplemental fat (0 or 4% tallow) and ionophore type [none, Bovatece (B), Rumensine + 'JYlane (RT), or daily rotation of Band RT (BRT)]. Daily feed intake (P<.10) and daily gain (P<.OO5) were reduced for steers fed R'T, but only when fat was included in the diet. In diets containing no supplemental fat, RT increased daily gain 10%. RT improved feed efficiency 8% (P<.05) in nonfat diets, but there was no difference between ionophores in diets containing fat. Adding fat improved feed efficiency of steers fed no ionophore or B. This study suggests that response of finishing steers to ionophores can be modified by the inclusion of fat in the diet.

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Moderation Of Ruminal Fermentation By Protozoa In Cattle Fed High-Grain Diets (1990), G. Towne, A.B. Beharka, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 1990

Moderation Of Ruminal Fermentation By Protozoa In Cattle Fed High-Grain Diets (1990), G. Towne, A.B. Beharka, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ruminal protozoa in cattle fed high-grain diets appear to contribute to the maintenance of a stable ruminal fermentation. This was evidenced by higher ruminal pH's and lower volatile fatty acid concentrations in faunated (with protozoa) than defaunated (without protozoa) cattle. The moderation of fermentation was likely due to reduced bacterial numbers associated with the presence of protozoa.

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Influence Of Ruminal Butyrate Supply On Net Nutrient Production And Absorption In Steers (1990), C.R. Krehbiel, D.L. Harmon, J.E. Schneider Jan 1990

Influence Of Ruminal Butyrate Supply On Net Nutrient Production And Absorption In Steers (1990), C.R. Krehbiel, D.L. Harmon, J.E. Schneider

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Six Holstein steers were used to evaluate the effects of increasing ruminal butyrate on net nutrient production and absorption by the gastrointestinal tract and liver. Ruminal and arterial concentrations and net hepatic flux of butyrate increased with increasing butyrate infusion. Concentrations of glucose and a-amino-N in arterial blood decreased as butyrate infusion increased. Of the ruminal butyrate infused, 24.5% appeared in portal blood as butyrate. Acetoacetate, D-β-hydroxybutyrate, and a-amino-N were the nutrients most altered by increasing ruminal butyrate.

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Value Of Ralgro® Implants In Feedlot Steers Previously Maintained On A High Endophyte-Infected Fescue Hay (1990), L.R. Corah, F.K. Brazle, Frank Blecha, P.G. Reddy, R.E. Jr. Wary, J. Klindt Jan 1990

Value Of Ralgro® Implants In Feedlot Steers Previously Maintained On A High Endophyte-Infected Fescue Hay (1990), L.R. Corah, F.K. Brazle, Frank Blecha, P.G. Reddy, R.E. Jr. Wary, J. Klindt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Steers previously fed high-endophyte fescue hay showed a greater response of Ralgro® implants than those fed a low-endophyte hay. The mode of action for this response was not explained by cellular immune system responses or variability in prolactin levels.

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