Life Sciences Commons^™

Chemical Communication In House Mice (Mus Musculus): Can They Recognize Gender From The Anogenital, Harderian Gland Or Mouth/Nose Odor?, Dawn Michele Andrews

Dissertations and Theses

Identifying the sensory systems animals employ to communicate chemically and the function of the chemical signals facilitates further understanding of chemical communication. Increased knowledge of how animals use the olfactory and vomeronasal systems in order to interpret the meaning of body odors will aid in developing a more detailed organization of chemosensory pathways. The message that each body odor contains can change from species to species.

The purpose of this thesis was to study three previously untested body odors in house mice (M. musculus) for their role in gender recognition of conspecifics. These odors are the anogenital (feces, …

Bad Ethics, Good Ethics And The Genetic Engineering Of Animals In Agriculture, Bernard Rollin

Genetics Collection

Genetic engineers have been remiss in addressing ethical and social issues emerging from this powerful new technology, a technology whose implications for agriculture are profound. As a consequence of this failure, society has been uneasy about genetic engineering of animals and has had difficulty distinguishing between genuine and spurious ethical issues the technology occasions. Many of the most prominent concerns do not require a serious response. On the other hand, concerns about a variety of possible risks arising from genetic engineering of animals require careful consideration and dialogue with the public. Such concerns are an admixture of ethics and prudence. …

A Lighter Shade Of Green: Reproducing Nature In Central Florida, Kevin Archer

All Faculty Scholarship for the School of Graduate Studies and Research

No abstract provided.

Progress Report : 1996 / Cattle Industry Compensation Act Research Advisory Committee., J Allen, J Heatherington, M Norton, B Mackintosh, W Standing

Research Reports

The Cattle Industry Compensation Fund was established under the Cattle Industry Compensation Aet 1965. Monies received on cattle sales by the Commissioner for State Taxation are paid into the Fund and matched by State Government appropriation.

Funds are held to compensate producers for losses incurred in disease eradication programs, to promote and encourage scientific research for improvement of cattle health and promotion and for purposes that, in the opinion of the Minister, will promote and encourage the cattle industry

An Advisory Committee, established by the Hon. Minister for Primary Industry makes recommendations for funding on a project basis. The Advisory …

Quantity-Based Interference And Symbolic Representations In Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes), S. T. Boysen, G. G. Berntson, M. B. Hannan, J. T. Cacioppo

Sentience Collection

Five chimpanzees with training in counting and numerical skills selected between 2 arrays of different amounts of candy or 2 Arabic numerals. A reversed reinforcement contingency was in effect, in which the selected array was removed and the subject received the nonselected candies (or the number of candies represented by the nonselected Arabic numeral). Animals were unable to maximize reward by selecting the smaller array when candies were used as array elements. When Arabic numerals were substituted for the candy arrays, all animals showed an immediate shift to a more optimal response strategy of selecting the smaller numeral, thereby receiving …

Taking Evolution Seriously: A Matter Of Primate Intelligence, Maxine Sheets-Johnstone

Intelligence Collection

No abstract provided.

A Study On The Life History And Seasonal Foraging Habits Of The Salamander Desmognathus Quadramaculatus Holbrook, In Wv, Glenn R. Mills

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

A study was conducted on Desmognathus quadramaculatus in the northern periphery of its range with some aspects of its life history, surface density, and seasonal foraging habits. The results in this study are compared to studies done on D. quadramaculatus in the southern portion of its range. Female D. quadramaculatus have been found tending egg clutches from June to September in the southern portion of its range and data collected in this study shows that egg deposition also occurs during this period in the northern population. Female size (SVL) at which D. quadramaculatus reach sexual maturity ranged from 57.6- 77.5 …

Effect Of Retinoic Acid On The Expression And Function Of Ap-1 Transcription Factor In B16 Mouse Melanoma Cells: Role Of Protein Kinase, Sejal H. Desai

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Retinoic acid (RA) induces differentiation of B16 mouse melanoma cells. This differentiation is accompanied by an increase in protein kinase Ca (PKCα) protein level and selective enrichment in nuclear-associated PKCα. PKC is thought to regulate gene expression through the TPA response element (TRE). This element is specifically recognized by the AP-1 transcription factor composed of jun and fos family members. In this study, I have analyzed the effect of RA on the expression and function of AP-1 in B16 mouse melanoma cells. Transient transfection analysis of B16 cells using leuciferase reporter gene constructs with or without AP-1 elements indicated that …

Postnatal Development Of The Neural Retina In A South American Opossum: Monodelphis Domestica, Tracy L. Soltesz

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Postnatal retinal development was studied in a marsupial opossum, Monodelphis domestica using light microscopy and 3H-thymidine autoradiography. For the light microscopic study, opossum neonates at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 25 and 28 days of age were euthanized, fixed and processed into paraffin sections for hematoxylin and eosin staining. The distinct ganglion cell layer, first observed on postnatal day (P) 7, was separated from the outer neuroblasts by the inner plexiform layer. The neuroblast layer was divided into inner and outer nuclear layers on P25 by the presumptive outer plexiform layer, indicated by discrete intercellular spaces located between the nuclear …

"Vertebrate Pests Of Agriculture, Forestry And Public Lands" 1996 Annual Meeting

Western Region Coordinating Committee for Vertebrate Pests of Agriculture, Forestry, and Public Lands (WCC-95)

Tuesday, November 19

1:00-1:15 pm Welcome, Introductions, and Agenda Update Robert Schmidt, Committee Chair

1:15-1:30 Administrative Advisor Comments Dr. Grant Vest

Presentations:

1:30-2:00 Residue tests in rodent carcasses exposed to chlorophacinone from bait stations and hand broad casting: a simulated field trial. R. Baker

2:00-2:30 Comments on ReJeX-iT - results of a field trial on turf. R. Baker

2:30-3:00 Update on predator research at Hopland: toxic collars and guard animals. R. Timm

3:00-3:30 Break

3:30-5:00 Revision of EPA's vertebrate pest assessment guidelines. Bill Jacobs, Environmental Protection Agency

Wednesday, November 20

Presentations:

8 :30-9:00am Overview of project management at NWRC. R. …

Mechanisms Of American English Vowel Production In A Grey Parrot (Psittacus Erithacus), Denice K. Warren, Dianne K. Patterson, Irene M. Pepperberg

Sentience Collection

Parrots are known for their capacity to reproduce the sounds of human speech, but few studies have investigated their mechanisms for producing such vocalizations. Using three methods of noninvasive video imaging (Super VHS video, infrared, X-ray radiography), we examined correlations between several elements of a Grey Parrot's (Psittacus erithacus) vocal-tract configuration and the bird's production of two vowels, /i/ ("eat") and /a/ ("rock"). This parrot uses mechanisms that both resemble and differ from those used by: (a) humans to produce English speech; and (b) some avian species to produce conspecific vocalizations. This Grey Parrot, for example, uses its vocal apparatus …

Dietary Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement For Optimal Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Finishing Gilts (1996), J A. Loughmiller, Michael D. Tokach, Evan C. Titgemeyer, I H. Kim, J R. Bergstrom, J W. Smith Ii, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Finishing gilts (initially 163 lb) were fed .58% total lysine (.50% apparent digestible) and total sulfur amino acid (TSAA) concentrations of .26,.285, .31, .335, and .36% (.225 to .325% apparent digestible). These values represent TSAA: lysine ratios of 45, 50, 55, 60, and 65%. Results suggest a linear decrease in ADG and ADFI along with poorer F/G with increasing TSAA levels. However, gilts fed .285% TSAA (50% of lysine) had the best ADG and F/G. No effect was observed on any carcass criteria. Based on the results of this study, the TSAA requirement is not greater than .285% total (.25% …

Evaluation Of The Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement Of Finishing Pigs (1996), J A. Loughmiller, J W. Smith Ii, J R. Bergstrom, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixty four gilts (initially 120 lb) were used to evaluate the effects of increasing total sulfur amino acid (TSAA):lysine ratios on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Diets included two levels of lysine (.55% and .70% total lysine) and three TSAA:lysine ratios (60, 65, and 70% of lysine) arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial. A tendency for a lysine x TSAA interaction was observed for ADG and ADFI. Increasing TSAA:lysine ratio decreased ADG and ADFI in pigs fed .55% lysine; however, ADG and ADFI were increased in pigs fed .70% lysine and 65% TSAA:lysine. Pigs fed .70% lysine had improved …

Determination Of Contract Base Payments To Feeder-Pig Finishers (1996), J L. Parcell, Michael R. Langemeier

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Risks associated with independent feeder-pig finishing have prompted finishers to seek alternative finishing and marketing methods. A means of reducing risk has developed through contract feeder-pig finishing. Research results indicated that slightly risk-averse finishers required contract base payments ranging from $11.00 to $30.00 per head. Strongly risk-averse finishers required contract base payments ranging from $8.50 to $19.00 per head. The lower end of the ranges is for a low-profit finisher. The upper end of the ranges is for a high-profit finisher.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

Influence Of Lysine Concentration On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (1996), Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used a total of 11,653 pigs to examine the influence of a lysine phase-feeding regimen on growth performance and carcass characteristics in finishing pigs. We found that the lysine regimen did not affect ADG. Also, the low-lysine regimen was adequate for maximizing growth performance and carcass characteristics of barrows. However, the low-lysine regimen was inadequate to optimize feed efficiency in gilts. Further analysis indicated that the largest differences in feed efficiency were for the 115 to 160 lb period in gilts. Later in the growth period, feed efficiency of gilts was similar across dietary lysine regimens.; Swine Day, Manhattan, …

Determination Of Contract Base Payments To Feeder-Pig Producers (1996), J L. Parcell, Michael R. Langemeier

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Risks associated with independent feeder-pig production have prompted producers to seek alternative production and marketing methods. A means of reducing risk has developed through contract feeder-pig producing. Research results indicate that slightly risk-averse producers required contract base payments ranging from $7.50 to $28.50 per head. Strongly risk-averse producers required contract base payments ranging from $2.50 to $17.75 per head. The lower end of the ranges is for a low-profit producer. The upper end of the ranges is for a high-profit producer.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

The Effects Of Supplementing Growing-Finishing Pig Diets With Carnitine And(Or) Chromium On Growth And Carcass Characteristics (1996), J W. Smith Ii, B T. Richert, K Q. Owen, J R. Bergstrom, W B. Nessmith Jr, S A. Blum, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty crossbred gilts (initially 83 lb)were used to examine the effects of 50 ppm carnitine and(or) 200 ppb chromium from chromium nicotinate on growth performance and carcass characteristics. In this trial, adding carnitine and(or) chromiun1 to the diets of high-lean growth finishing gilts did not increase carcass leanness. However, the combination of carnitine and chromium improved the color characteristics of the longissimus muscle.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

Effect Of Dietary L-Carnitine On Growth, Carcass Characteristics, And Metabolism Of Swine (1996), K Q. Owen, H Ji, C V. Maxwell, G C. Tremblay, S I. Koo, S A. Blum, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Thirty six Yorkshire gilts (initially 123 lb BW) were used to investigate the effect of dietary carnitine on growth performance, carcass characteristics, fatty acid oxidation, and enzyme kinetics. Dietary carnitine reduced fat deposition in favor of protein deposition, stimulated fatty acid oxidation, induced the expression of pyruvate carboxylase, increased the capacity of pyruvate carboxylase flux, and decreased the capacity of branch chain keto-dehydrogenase.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

Removing Vitamin And Trace Mineral Premixes From Finisher Diets (154 To 247 Lb) Did Not Affect Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Or Meat Quality (1996), I H. Kim, J H. Lee, J S. Park, Donald H. Kropf, S L. Johnston, P Sorrell, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Average daily gain; ADFI; F/G; dressing percentage; tenth rib fat thickness and depth; and color, firmness, and marbling of the longissimus muscle were not influenced by omitting the vitamin and(or) trace mineral premixes from diets during finishing (154 to 247 lb). Thus, omitting vitamin and trace mineral premixes can decrease diet costs without decreasing performance or meat quality of high-lean pigs.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

Survey Of Pork Products Available To Consumers (1996), S Hollinger, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A survey was conducted to investigate the variety and price per pound of pork products available to consumers. The survey was conducted in the largest store of each of the three leading supermarket chains in Manhattan, KS. The 217.3 pork products per store (642 total) were categorized into fresh pork, smoked/cured pork, sausages, lunch meats, and pastry/pork combinations, which represented 7.4, 13.9, 32.5, 20.4, and 24.4% of the pork products surveyed, respectively. Retail cuts from the loin were the most numerous and highest priced in the fresh pork category. Retail cuts from the ham and belly (bacon) were the most …

Effects Of Expanders (High Shear Conditioning) On Growth Performance In Finishing Pigs (1996), S L. Johnston, S L. Traylor, Robert H. Hines, S P. Sorrell, I H. Kim, G A. Kennedy, Joe D. Hancock, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Diets that had been processed using standard, long-term, and expander (high shear) conditioning tended to support greater ADG than an unconditioned meal control diet. Pelleting was necessary to maximize efficiency of growth, but only with standard and long-term conditioning. Indeed, the best efficiencies of gain were for pigs fed the expander processed diets, with no additional benefits from pelleting the expanded mash.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

Influence Of Pellet Size On Growth Performance In Nursery Pigs And Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, And Stomach Morphology In Finishing Pigs (1996), S L. Traylor, Keith C. Behnke, P Sorrell, Fred J. Fairchild, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pellet size (i.e., 3/32 in., 5/32 in., 5/16 in., and 1/2 in. diameter) had little effect on growth performance during the early stages (d 0 to 5) of the nursery phase. However, the 5/32 in. diameter pellets supported the best efficiencies of gain during the overall nursery (d °to 29) and finishing phases.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

Use Of Sorghum-Based Distillers Grains In Diets For Nursery And Finishing Pigs (1996), B W. Senne, I Mavromichalis, S L. Johnston, P S. Sorrell, I H. Kim, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to etermine the effects of sorghum-based distillers dried grains with solubles in isocaloric diets for nursery and finishing pigs. Rate and efficiency of gain in nursery pigs were decreased with 45% or more distillers grains. For finishing pigs, efficiency of gain was improved as distillers grains was increased to 60% of the diet, and carcass fatness was increased by about .1 inch at the highest concentration.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

Dietary Lysine Requirement For Optimal Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Late Finishing Gilts (1996), J A. Loughmiller, I H. Kim, J C. Woodworth, J W. Smith Ii, J R. Bergstrom, K Hongtrakul, W B. Nessmith, R E. Musser, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In Exp. 1, increasing dietary lysine from .40% to .70% linearly improved ADG, F/G, 10th rib fat depth, and percentage lean in finishing gilts from 200 to 250 lb. Increasing dietary lysine also tended to improve longissimus muscle area. Results from Exp. 2 indicate no improvement in growth or carcass performance of gilts fed greater than .60% lysine. The combined results of Exp. 1 and 2 indicate that finishing gilts from 200 to 250 lb requires between .60% to .70% (18 to 20 g/d) dietary lysine to maximize both growth performance and carcass characteristics.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, …

The Use Of Real-Time Ultrasound To Model The Growth Performance And Lysine Requirements Of Growing-Finishing Pigs On Commercial Farms (1996), J W. Smith Ii, A P. Schinckel, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty pigs, 40 barrows and 40 gilts, on two commercial finishing operations were used to model growth and accretion rates. Major differences were observed between the two farms. This analysis indicates that real-time ultrasound can be used to develop lean and lipid accretion curves for formulating farm-specific diets that optimize lean growth performance in commercial operations; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

Effect Of Dietary L-Carnitine On Growth, Carcass Characteristics, And Metabolism Of Swine (1996), K Q. Owen, H Ji, C V. Maxwell, G C. Tremblay, S I. Koo, S A. Blum, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Thirty six Yorkshire gilts (initially 123 lb BW) were used to investigate the effect of dietary carnitine on growth performance, carcass characteristics, fatty acid oxidation, and enzyme kinetics. Dietary carnitine reduced fat deposition in favor of protein deposition, stimulated fatty acid oxidation, induced the expression of pyruvate carboxylase, increased the capacity of pyruvate carboxylase flux, and decreased the capacity of branch chain keto dehydrogenase.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

Removing Vitamin And Trace Mineral Premixes From Finisher Diets (154 To 247 Lb) Did Not Affect Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Or Meat Quality (1996), I H. Kim, J H. Lee, J S. Park, Donald H. Kropf, S L. Johnston, P Sorrell, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Average daily gain; ADFI; F/G; dressing percentage; tenth rib fat thickness and depth; and color, firmness, and marbling of the longissimus muscle were not influenced by omitting the vitamin and(or) trace mineral premixes from diets during finishing (154 to 247 lb). Thus, omitting vitamin and trace mineral premixes can decrease diet costs without decreasing performance or meat quality of high-lean pigs.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

Omitting Vitamin And Trace Mineral Premixes, And(Or) Reducing Inorganic Phosphorus During Late Finishing Did Not Affect Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Or Muscle Quality (1996), I Mavromichalis, Donald H. Kropf, G A. Kennedy, Robert H. Hines, B W. Senne, I H. Kim, S L. Johnson, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Omitting the vitamin and trace mineralpremixes and(or) adding 2/3 less supplementalinorganic phosphorus source (from .55% down to .40% total P) to diets during late finishing (191 to 265 lb) had no effect ongrowth performance, carcass characteristics, or muscle quality in high-lean pigs. Thus, this concept can be used to decrease the cost of feeding terminal-cross pigs to heavy weights, while decreasing excretion of minerals from intensive swine operations.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

Performance Of Weanling Pigs Fed Diets Containing Various Lactose Sources (1996), P R. O'Quinn, J R. Bergstrom, J A. Loughmiller, R E. Musser, W B. Nessmith Jr, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two growth trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing the lactose provided by dried whey in the phase II diet with either deproteinized whey or an alternative lactose source, DairyLac 80®. No differences in performance observed among pigs fed diets containing 10% dried whey or deproteinized whey or DairyLac 80®. These trials indicate that deproteinized whey and DairyLac 80® can be used to replace the lactose contained in dried whey for starter pig diets.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 21, 1996

Evaluation Of Spray-Dried Cheese Food As A Supplemental Protein Source For Weanling Pigs (1996), J A. Loughmiller, P S. Graf, J R. Bergstrom, R E. Muser, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A growth study was conducted to determine the effects of substituting spray-dried cheese food for spray-dried plasma protein on weanling pig performance. Five dietary treatments included the control diet or diets with cheese food replacing 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the plasma on an equal lysine basis. Day 0 to 14 ADG and ADFI were decreased linearly as spray-dried cheese food increased. However, this decrease was most apparent when cheese food was included at more than 4% of the diet. No effects of cheese food inclusion were seen for F/G from d 0 to 14 postweaning or for growth …