Life Sciences Commons^™

Comprehension Of "Absence" By An African Grey Parrot: Learning With Respect To Questions Of Same/Different, Irene M. Pepperberg

Sentience Collection

An African Grey parrot, Alex, learned to report on the absence or presence of similarity and difference between two objects. Alex was shown pairs of objects that were (a) totally dissimilar, (b) identical, or (c) similar or different with respect to one of three attributes (color, shape, or material). In the first two cases, he responded to the respective queries of "What's same?" or "What's different?" with the vocalization "none," and in the third case he responded with the appropriate category label ("color," "shape," or "mah-mah" [matter]). His accuracy was 80.9% to 83.9% for pairs of familiar objects not used …

Variation In Piglet Weights: Weight Gains In The First Days After Birth And Their Relationship With Later Performance, B. K. Thompson, D. Fraser

Ontogeny Collection

Piglets from 42 litters of Yorkshire sows were weighed 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, and 14 d after farrowing in order to explore the highly variable weight gains during the first 2 wk after birth. All litters were adjusted to 10-12 piglets by fostering. Litters differed greatly in average gain per piglet during the first 3 d after farrowing, with litter means ranging from 5 to 227 g d‒1 per piglet for the 3-d period. Gains during days 0-3 tended to be somewhat lower if the sow had a high body temperature during these days, but the …

Use Of Water By Piglets In The First Days After Birth, David Fraser, P. A. Phillips, B. K. Thompson, W. B. Peeters

Ontogeny Collection

Use of drinking water was determined for 51 litters of piglets by weighing and refilling a water dispenser each day for the first 4 d after farrowing. Measures of spillage, evaporation, and piglet drinking behavior indicated that most disappearance of water represented actual drinking by the piglets. Water use varied greatly among litters with an average of 46 g d^‒1 per piglet over the 4 d, and a range of negligible use to about 200 g d^‒1. Water use, especially on day 2, was correlated negatively with the average weight gain of the litter during the first …

Histology Of The Ovaries And Fat Bodies Of Chthonerpeton Indistinctum, Rafael O. De Sá, Nibia Berois

Biology Faculty Publications

Histological analysis revealed three different stages in the development of ovarian follicles of Chthonerpeton indistinctum. These stages are identified by (1) location of the oocyte in the ovary wall, (2) oocyte morphology and staining characteristics, (3) development of the zona pellucida, and (4) organization of the follicular layer. Atretic follicles and corpora lutea also were found. Fat bodies are composed of well-developed adipose tissue.

Eavesdropping By Bats: The Influence Of Echolocation Call Design And Foraging Strategy, Jonathan Balcombe, M. Brock Fenton

Sentience Collection

We used playback presentations to free-flying bats of 3 species to assess the influence of echolocation call design and foraging strategy on the role of echolocation calls in communication. Near feeding sites over water, Myotis lucifugus and M. yumanensis responded positively only to echolocation calls of conspecifics. Near roosts, these bats did not respond before young of the year became volant, and after this responded to presentations of echolocation calls of similar and dissimilar design. At feeding sites Lasiurus borealis responded only to echolocation calls of conspecifics and particularly to "feeding buzzes". While Myotis, particularly subadults, appear to use the …

Title Page, Verso Of The Title Page, And Table Of Contents For Erforschung Biologischer Ressourcen Der Mongolischen Volksrepublik, Band 7 (1988), Michael Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Title page, verso of the title page, and table of contents for Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolischen Volksrepublik, Band 7 (1988)

Verlauf Und Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse Der Expedition In Die Mongolische Volksrepublik 1978, Siegfried Huneck, Hans Dieter Knapp

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Einleitung

Auf Grund eines Abkommens über wissenschaftliche Zusammenarbeit der Akademie der Wissenschaftel'l der Mongolischen Volksrepublik und der Akademie der Wissenschaften der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik führten das Institut für Naturstoffe (IN) in Ulan-Bator und das Institut für Biochemie der Pflanzen (IBP) in Halle/Saale vom 13. Juni bis 29. Juli 1978 eine gemeinsame Expedition in die MVR durch. An dieser Expedition nahmen von Seiten der AdW der DDR Dr. habil. S. HUNECK (Leiter der Expedition), Dr. habil. H. RIPPERGER (beide IBP) und Dr. H. D. KNAPP (damals Müritz-Museum, Waren) und von Seiten der AdW Dr. BASANSUREN (IN) und zeitweilig Dr. U. COGT …

Zur Variabilität Der Asiatischen Wüstenkröte Bufo Raddei Strauen, 1876, Wolf-Rüdiger Grosse, Annegret Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Zusammenfassung

1. Die Wüstenkröte, Bufo raddei, lebt in der Nähe von Wasserlachen und Lagunen der Flußauen in der Zentralmongolei, wo sie in der Dämmerung erbeutet wurde.

2. Der Fang 1984 erbrachte nur 1- und 2(3)-jährige Tiere, wobei die metrische Entwicklung der Art auf Unterschiede zu Bufo viridis hinweist.

3. Eine Analyse der Variabilität des Grundmusters zeigt dagegen deutliche Parallelen zu Bufo viridis. Arttypische Merkmale sind dabei die dunkelbraunen Fingerspitzen und die Ausbildung eines Rückenstreifens.

Summary

1. Mongolian Toad, Bufo raddei, lives in pools and lagoons of rivers of Central Mongolia. The animals were captured there in dusk. …

Die Gemeinsame Botanische Expedition Des Instituts Für Biochemie Der Pflanzen In Halle Und Des Instituts Für Volksmedizin In Ulan-Bator Durch Die Mongolische Volksrepublik 1983, Siegfried Huneck, Werner Hilbig

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Einleitung

Im Rahmen des Abkommens über wissenschaftliche Zusammenarbeit der Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR und des Ministeriums für Volksgesundheit der Mongolischen Volksrepublik (MVR) führten das Institut für Biochemie der Pflanzen (IBP) in Halle/Saale und das Institut für Volksmedizin (IVM) in Ulan-Bator vom 15. Juni bis 17. August 1983 die zweite gemeinsame Expedition in die MVR durch. An dieser Expedition nahmen teil: Dr. habil. S. HUNECK (IBP, Leiter der Expedition), Dr. W. HILBIG (Mattin-Luther-Universität Halle, Wissenschaftsbereich Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten, Halle/Saale), Dr. T. KHAIDA V (Direktor des IVM) und Dr. U. COGT (Institut für Botanik der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Ulan-Bator). …

Nachruf Für E. M. Lavrenko, Z. V. Karamyševa, Werner Hilbig

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Am 18. Juli 1987 verstarb in Leningrad im Alter von 87 Jahren Prof. Dr. Evgenij Michajlovic LAVRENKO.

Die biologische Forschung in der Mongolei verliert damit ihren Senior und einen ihrer herausragenden Vertreter, der seit den 40er Jahren mit der Mongoleiforschung verbunden ist und ihr wesentliche Impulse verliehen hat.

Bibliographie Pflanzen Soziologischer Arbeiten Über Die Mongolische Volksrepublik. Folge 2, Werner Hilbig

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Zusammenfassung

Der vorliegende Teil 2 einer Bibliographie pflanzensoziologischer und vegetationsökologischer Arbeiten über das Gebiet der Mongolischen Volksrepublik (MVR) enthält im wesentlichen Arbeiten aus den Jahren 1980-1985. Es werden 201 Arbeiten zitiert.

Summary

The second part of the bibliography of geobotanical and synecological publications about the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic contains publications mainly from 1980 till 1985. 201 papers are quoted.

Entwicklung Und Stand Der Erforschung Der Gefäßpflanzenflora Der Mongolischen Volksrepublik, I. A. Gubanov, Werner Hilbig

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Zusammenfassung

Vorliegender Beitrag gibt einen überblick über die floristische Durchforschung der MVR.

Erste Kenntnisse über die Flora der Mongolei stammen aus dem 18. Jh. und der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jh. (MESSERSCHMIDT, BUNGE, MAXIMOVICZ). In der zweiten Hälfte und am Ende des 19. Jh. erbrachten vor allem die Expeditionen der Russischen Geographischen Gesellschaft umfangreiches botanisches Material (POTANIN, KOZLOV). Auch andere Forscher führten ausgedehnte Sammelreisen durcn (KLEMENZ, PALIBIN, SAPOZNIKOV). Nach der mongolischen Revolution von 1921 wurden von sowjetischer Seite bereits in den 20er Jahren Sammelreisen durchgeführt. 1925 wurde die Mongolische Kommission der Akademie der Wissenschaften der UdSSR geschaffen, die weitere Expeditionen …

Mikroklima-Untersuchungen In Pflanzengesellschaften Verschiedener Höhenstufen In Hochgebirgen Der Nordwest- Und Südmongolei, Werner Hilbig, K. Helmecke, Z. Schamsran, D. Bumzaa

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Im Rahmen der Mongolisch-Deutschen Biologischen Expeditionen wurden erste Mikroklimauntersuchungen im Jahre 1973 in ausgewählten Pflanzengesellschaften der Wüste und Halbwüste im $üdgobi-Aimak durchgeführt (HELMECKE u. SCHAMSRAN 1979). Auch von sowjetisfber (BERESNEVA 1974, 1981) und von polnischer Seite (vgl. KLIMEK 1980) liegen mikroklimatologische Untersuchungen für verschiedene Gebiete der MVR vor. Von den Gebirgen der MVR wurde besonders der Südteil des Changai berücksichtigt. Hier wurden Mikroklimamessungen in verschiedenen Höhenstufen durchgeführtl (BRZEZNIAK u. NIEDZWIEDZ 1980). Die von Biologen der Universitäten Halle-Wittenberg und Ulan-Bator von 1977 bis 1979 durchgeführten Untersuchungen in Hochebirgen der MVR (Charchiraa, Uvs Aimak; Ich-Bogd, Bajanchongor Aimak) schlosseh neben den floristisch-vegetationskundlichen und …

A Taxonomic And Distributional Study Of The Adult Caddisflies Of The Family Leptoceridae (Insecta: Trichoptera) Of West Virginia, James B. Glover

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

A survey of the adult Leptoceridae of West Virginia revealed 27 species, 25 of which were state records. The most abundant genus in the state was Ceraclea which had ten different species. Triaenodes had six different species, while Oecetis had five. The most common species in the state included C. cancellatus, C. maculate, O. avara, and O. inconspicua. Species that were abundant only in the larger rivers of the western portion of the state included C. flava, C. maculata, Nectopsyche pavida, and T. ignita. C. neffi seemed to be most abundant in the higher elevations of the east. Ceraclea ophioderus, …

Morning Versus Evening Supplementation For Heifers Grazing Winter Range (1988), E. Vanzant, B. Cochran, L. Corah, K. Zoellner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Supplementing developing heifers in the morning was compared with supplementation at sundown. No difference was evident among treatments in average daily gain, distance traveled, or time spent grazing.

Responses Of Pig Embryos To Amino Acids (1988), C F. Rosenkrans, Duane L. Davis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Mixtures of vitamins and amino acids produced detrimental effects on the development of pig embryos. However, addition of three amino acids, phenylalanine, methionine, and isoleuncine, enhanced pig embryo development.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 1988

Hog Feeders? (1988), Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

During the past 6 yr, extensive research has been conducted at KSU to evaluate feeding systems and various types of wet and dry feeders. Comparisons have been made between timed-feeding and ad libitum feeding systems using dry or wet feeders. Timed-feeding did not improve pig performance (ADG, F/G) when compared with ad libitum dry feeding. Wet feeding in most of the trials resulted in approximately 5% improvement in both average daily gain and feed efficiency. Feeding hogs with an oval or rectangular dry feeder resulted in similar pig performance. A11 feeders were easily adjusted to reduce feed wastage to a …

The Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin (Pst) And Dietary Lysine Level On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine (1988), R C. Thaler, B R. Schricker, G E. Fitzner, A J. Lewis, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seventy-two finishing pigs averaging 130 lb were utilized to determine the effects of PST and dietary lysine on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs were injected daily with 4 mg PST in the extensor muscle of the neck and fed either a pelleted corn-sesame meal diet (.6% lysine, 17.7% crude protein) or diets containing .8, 1.0, 1.2, or 1.4% lysine provided by L-lysine HCl. All diets were formulated to contain at least 200% of NRC (1979) recommendations for other amino acids. Control pigs received a placebo injection and the .6% lysine diet. Increasing levels of dietary lysine resulted in increased …

Utilization By Finishing Pigs Of Reconstituted Sorghum Grain Treated With Enzymes Or Enzymes Plus A Bacterial Inoculant Prior To Ensiling (1988), J I. Heidker, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred eight finishing pigs averaging 117 lb were used to evaluate the effects of adding enzymes with or without a bacterial inoculant to reconstituted sorghum grain used in swine diets. No differences were noted in gain, feed efficiency, or carcass characteristics as determined by ultrasonic scanning.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 1988

Space Requirement Of Finishing Pigs Fed To Heavier Weight (1988), David A. Nichols, Robert H. Hines, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two trials, using a total of 240, crossbred, finishing pigs were conducted to evaluate 7, 9, and 11 ft^2 space allowance per pig from approximately 115 lb to a market weight of 250 lb. Pigs were removed individually each week as they reached the desired weight. Pigs reared in pens with 7 ft^2 had a reduced average daily feed intake and a significantly reduced average daily gain compared to those with 9 and 11 ft^2. Feed/gain was the same for all treatments; however, the pigs with 7 ft^2 required 4 days longer to reach 250 lb. Performance data suggests that …

An Alternative To Sulfa-Containing Antibiotics For Starter Pigs (1988), R C. Thaler, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An on-farm starter trial was conducted to compare the efficacy of a non-sulfa containing antibiotic (Mecadox®) to that of a sulfa-containing antibiotic (ASP-250®). Two hundred and forty pigs weaned at 3 wk of age were placed in a hot-nursery and all fed a high nutrient density diet containing the antibiotic apramycin (Apralan®) for 1 week. For the next 3 wk, pigs received complex diets containing either ASP-250 or Mecadox. Pigs were then moved. to a cold nursery and fed simple diets with the same antibiotic treatment for the final 2 wk. Average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed …

Low Investment Farrowing Facilities (1988), James P. Murphy

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Low investment farrowing facilities can be divided into three categories, depending on the level of investment. At the lowest investment level, an individual farrowing shelter that has no floor is utilized. The shelter can be as simple as two sheets of plywood nailed together to create an A frame. Sometimes, rounded "quonset" shelters also are utilized. Since the weather protection is somewhat limited, these types of shelters are normally used to farrow only in the spring and fall. This is sometimes called the two-litter system. Farrowing is normally done on pastures. The shelters utilize no supplemental heat and have no …

Limit Versus Full Creep For Calves Grazing Late Summer Bluestem (1988), B. Cochran, Gerry L. Kuhl, T. Delcurto, L. Corah, E. Vanzant

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Limit-feeding a soybean meal/milo creep supplement (1696 crude protein, average 3.096 salt) was compared with ad libitum consumption of the same supplement without salt or with no supplementation. Little difference was evident in average daily gain of calves among treatments. However, poor supplement consumption may have affected results.

The Influence Of Stage Of Pregnancy On Digestion Characteristics In Beef Cows (1988), A. Beharka, B. Cochran, D. Harmon, T. Avery

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feed intake during the final trimester of gestation did not appear to vary significantly until 2 weeks before calving, after which it decreased dramatically. Measurements during two periods in the final trimester suggested that passage rate increased and digestibility decreased, as pregnancy proceeded.

Comparison Of Feedlot Performance Of Steer Calves Produced By Angus X Hereford And Brahman X Hereford Cows (1988), J.R. Brethour, D. Patterson, K. Olson, L. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Steer calves that were 75 percent Hereford and either 25 percent Angus (BWF) or Brahman (BRX) were compared in a feedlot study that involved either high-concentrate or high-silage finishing rations. The BRX steers gained significantly faster, but there was no concomitant response in feed efficiency. The ration energy utilization by BRX steers appeared to be less than that of BWF steers. Performance of both breeds was poorer on the high-silage ration than on the high-grain ration, and there was no breed by ration interaction. A greater proportion of BWF calves graded USDA choice, but there was little difference between breeds …

Influence Of Supplemental Protein Versus Energy Level On Intake, Fill, Passage, Digestibility, And Fermentation Characteristics Of Beef Steers Consuming Dormant Bluestem Range Forage (1988), T. Delcurto, B. Cochran, T. Avery, A. Beharka

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two trials were conducted to evaluate effects of protein versus energy level in milo/soybean meal supplements on intake and utilization of dormant, bluestem forage. Forage dry matter intake and utilization of dormant bluestem forage appears to increase at higher levels of supplemental protein. Increased supplemental energy may be associated with depressed intake and utilization, particularly when supplements are low in protein.

Stocking Rate Effects On Intensive-Early Stocked Bluestem Range (1988), R. Cochran, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Based on a six-year study, stocking at 2.5x and 3.0x normal season-long rates for the first half of the growing season with no grazing during the latter half results in individual steer gains that are equal to those under the 2.0x rate. The gain per acre was greatly increased at the higher stocking rates. Grass remaining in early October was 20 percent lower on pastures stocked at the 2.5x and 3.0x rates than at the 2.0x rate. However, there was no trend toward further reductions over the study period. Botanical composition did not change greatly as a result of the …

Performance Of Stocker Heifers And Steers Grazing High Endophyte Fescue And Offered Oxytetracycline In A Mineral Mixture (1988), K. Coffey, F. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of stocker calves grazing high-endophyte fescue (68 to 70%) and offered oxytetracycline in a free-choice mineral supplement. In Experiment 1, 24 yearling crossbred heifers were utilized in a 112-day grazing study beginning on June 18. Performance of both control calves and those receiving oxytetracycline was extremely poor, making data interpretation difficult. Average oxytetracycline consumption was 327 mg per head, daily. Approximately 8296 of the total grazing time occurred during the daylight hours (6arn - l0pm) for both treatment groups. Heifers offered the medicated mineral mix grazed 20 minutes more than heifers offered …

Influence Of Ralgro® On Suckling Calf Performance On Tall Fescue Pastures With Various Levels Of Endophyte Infestation, F. Brazle, J. Whittier

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four hundred and ten cow-calf pairs were allotted to tall fescue pastures containing 40, 45, or 70% endophyte fungus infestation. One half of the calves in each pasture were implanted with Ralgro® initially and reimplanted about 110 days later. Calf gains on the 70% endophyte fungus pasture showed a greater (P<.05) response to implanting than those grazing the 40 and 45% endophyte-infested tall fescue pastures during the 165 day trial.

Effects Of Sugar, Internal Cooking Temperature, And Hot-Boning On The Characteristics Of Low Fat, Restructured, Value-Added Beef Roasts, S.J. Goll, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Low fat, restructured beef roasts were made from muscles that were conventionally or hot-boned. Differing combinations of salt, phosphate, and glucose were added. Then roasts were cooked to 145 ÌŠF or 200 ÌŠF. Roasts from conventionally boned muscle generally had less warmed-over flavor and higher acceptability scores than those from hot-boned muscle. Adding glucose with salt and phosphate helped suppress warmed-over flavor throughout display and did not reduce flavor acceptability or increase cooking loss. Roasts cooked to 200 ÌŠF had lower warmed-over flavor scores and were more acceptable, but were less cohesive and had higher cooking losses than roasts cooked …