Life Sciences Commons^™

Carbonate Deposits In Marine Fish Intestines: A New Source Of Biomineralization, Patrick J. Walsh, Patricia Blackwelder, Kenneth A. Gill, Eva Danulat, Thomas P. Mommsen

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Marine teleostean fish are hypo-osmotic to seawater. As part of a multiorgan osmoregulatory strategy they drink seawater and selectively absorb water and minerals across the intestinal epithelium. Notably, divalent cations (Ca²⁺ and Mg^2-) are left behind. We report here that in the gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta, the ionic by-products of osmoregulation in the intestine contribute to de novo formation of a carbonate mineral, tentatively identified as calcian kutnohorite. Our data suggest that intestinal mineralization is a general feature of osmoregulation in marine teleosts and that this process is an unrecognized and possibly substantial source of marine …

The Role Of Inositol Phosphate Cascade In Visual Excitation Of Invertebrate Microvillar Photoreceptors, Tamara M. Frank, A. Fein

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The identity of the transmitter(s) involved in visual transduction in invertebrate microvillar photoreceptors remains unresolved. In this study, the role of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP₃) was examined in Limulus ventral photoreceptors by studying the effects on the light response of heparin and neomycin, agents that inhibit the production or action of IP₃. Both heparin and neomycin reduce responses to brief flashes of light and the transient component of responses to steps of light, and also inhibit IP₃-induced calcium release, indicating that IP₃ plays a direct role in invertebrate visual excitation. The effects of BAPTA, …

Final Report: Biological Monitoring Of The John U. Lloyd Beach Renourishment: 1989, Richard E. Dodge, Steven C. Hess, Charles Messing

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

In 1987, Nova University (Contractor) with ERM South (Subcontractor) was awarded a contract to provide biological monitoring services for the John U Lloyd State Recreation Area Beach Renourishment Project. A notice to proceed for the initial biological monitoring (Phase I - Preconstruction) was issued in February, 1989. Phase I preconstruction field monitoring took place in February and March, 1989. Phase II post-construction field work took place in August and Spetember, 1989. Phase III post-construction field monitoring took place in August, 1990. Laboratory work occurred from March, 1989 to January, 1991. Renourishment dredging took place from May 16, 1989 to July …

Preconstruction Report: Biological Monitoring Of The Hollywood-Hallandale Beach Renourishment: 1991, Richard E. Dodge, Walter Goldberg, Steven C. Hess, Charles Messing

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

In 1990, Nova University (Contractor) with Coral Reef Associates and ERM South (Subcontractors) was awarded a contract to provide biological monitoring services for the Hollywood Hallandale Beach Renourishment Project. A notice to proceed for the initial biological monitoring (Preconstruction) was issued in August, 1990. Preconstruction field monitoring took place in October, 1990. Laboratory work was begun at the start of 1991 following the analysis of samples from the previous John U. Lloyd beach renourishment monitoring. Renourishment dredging is tentatively scheduled to take place starting in April or May, 1991. Sediment is scheduled to be removed and subsequently placed on the …

Spring 1991, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Fall 1991, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Summer 1991, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Winter 1991, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Prospects For Fisheries Development In West Africa, Steven K. Ireland

Theses and Major Papers

The production of food is a primary concern for the countries of Africa. Marine fisheries can contribute toward alleviating undernutrition and provide employment opportunities in developing countries. In West Africa there are substantial marine fisheries resources but there is a need for development and improved management of these resources. Fisheries development efforts have thus far achieved limited success in the region. However, there is considerable potential for increasing the contribution of fisheries to economic development if the problems of fisheries development can be overcome.

Striped Bass Management In Rhode Island, Thomas N. Fetherston Ii

Theses and Major Papers

The management of highly migratory marine species is a difficult and complex task. No creature better represents the myriad problems faced by those attempting interstate fisheries management than the striped bass of the Atlantic coast. Their high stock levels in the late 1960s attracted unprecedented attention from commercial and sport fishermen alike. The dramatic crash of these stocks in the late 1970s, subsequent attempts at coastwide management, eventual Federal intervention and finally the rebound of the Atlantic striped bass population is an interesting case study. This paper will focus on what transpired in the State of Rhode Island during this …

Possibilities For A Common Fisheries Development And Management Policy For The Organization Of Eastern Caribbean States (O.E.C.S.), Daven C. Joseph

Theses and Major Papers

The fisheries resources within the EEZs of countries in the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States is not being exploited at their maximum sustainable yield. Fisheries development has however been hampered by a history of these states, little or no sectoral development planning. If member states are to realize any increased socio-economic growth in the fisheries sector, it is imperative that a common fisheries management and development strategy be implemented by these states, in an effort to rationalize the use of scarce financial and technical resources. Such a strategy would involve the pursuance of common goals and objectives and the provision …

The Gulf Of California As A Large Marine Ecosystem, Patricia A. Morrissey

Theses and Major Papers

Large marine regions characterized by unique bathymetry, hydrography and productivity, within which marine populations have adapted reproductive, growth, and feeding strategies constitute large marine ecosystems (LME) (Sherman and Alexander, 1986). The Gulf of California a semi-enclosed sea off the western coast of Mexico qualifies as a LME as it presents physical and biological characteristics not found in the adjoining Pacific. This area sustains the largest commercial fishery in the country which is the sardine fishery. the sardine population resident in the Gulf of California has coupled its reproductive and migration strategies to the environment of this region. Fluctuations of the …

Malaysia And The Law Of The Sea, Mohd Fadzil Shuhaimi

Theses and Major Papers

The new legal regime of the oceans has brought many changes in the Malacca Strait. The most recent one in the enactment of the Malaysian Exclusive Economic Zone Act 1984 as corollary to its proclamation on the Exclusive Economic Zone in 1980. A year later, the Fisheries Act 1985 was enacted by Malaysia as a result of increasing needs to address new issues in fisheries protection and management in the Malaysian fisheries waters. The conclusion of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, among other things, has improvised the concept of transit passage in the straits …

Factors Influencing The Role Of Women In Indonesian Fisheries Development, Melissa A. Upton

Theses and Major Papers

Gender consideration is an essential component of fishery development activities. The purpose of this thesis is to help guide planners and decision-makers who are concerned with understanding the role of women in fisheries development in general as well as in the Republic of Indonesia. Thus, it is partially based upon field research conducted in Indonesia among fishing communities which are representative of different types of fisheries. Justification for research concerning the role of women in the fisheries sector and the reasons why women should be included in development policy and planning are presented in Chapter I. The general research setting, …

Mariculture Management For Pohnpei State, Federated States Of Micronesia, Kevin Brooks Foster

Theses and Major Papers

The Marine Resources Division of Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia is currently engaged in development activities that include the establishment of family scale mariculture projects for community members of remote villages and outer islands. The goal of this undertaking is to supplement subsistence and income generation ventures for community members through the wise use and exploitation of the marine environment. These aims may be jeopardized unless a management plan is devised that reflects the customary marine resource practices as embraced by islanders from each community. The intent of this thesis projects is to devise a mariculture management model that …

Littoral And Limnetic Zooplankton Communities In Lake Mead, Nevada-Arizona, Usa, Patrick J. Sollberger, Larry J. Paulson

Publications (WR)

Zooplankton were collected from adjacent littoral and limnetic sites in Lake Mead, Nevada-Arizona, USA. Limnetic species dominated both littoral and limnetic zooplankton communities; littoral species rarely exceeded 2% of monthly total zooplankton densities. Low species richness of littoral taxa and high similarity in species composition between littoral and limnetic habitats appeared to result from uniform horizontal physical and chemical environments, due to horizontal mixing, and from the absence aquatic macrophytes.

Significant differences in spatial distribution occurred in phytoplankton biomass, total zooplankton density, and fish "abundances; highest concentrations of these factors occurred nearest an inflow high in nutrients and progressively declined …

Estimating Abundance And Annual Production Of Striped Bass Eggs With In Situ Silhouette Photography, John Douglas Field

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Temporal And Spatial Response Of Two Tidal Marsh Species To Salinity Changes In The Pamunkey River, Laura R. Mitchell

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Of Habitat And Spatial Scale Upon The Developmental State And Settlement Of Blue Crab Postlarvae In Chesapeake Bay, Karen S. Metcalf

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Population Biology Of The Polychaete Loimia Medusa (Savigny) On A Tidal Sand Flat Of The York River, Chesapeake Bay, Rochelle D. Seitz

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Observations Of The Phytoplankton Standing Crop At The Shelf Margin Of The Mid Atlantic Bight, Bruce B. Wagoner, Harold G. Marshall

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

A comparison of the total percentage cell abundance and cell biovolume relationships of major phytoplankton categories was made between two station sets across the shelf margin. Diatom values for abundance and biovolume were greater at oceanic stations compared to the outer shelf stations, with dinoflagellates having the reverse pattern. The composite contributions to biovolume and abundance in the standing crop from other phytoplankton categories were greater over the outer shelf than beyond the shelf margin. The major source of biovolume (biomass) from the outer shelf and these oceanic stations came from the diatoms and dinoflagellates, with an average mean of …

Life History Of The Bay Anchovy, Anchoa Mitchilli, In Chesapeake Bay, Jiangang Luo

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

In lower Chesapeake Bay, the spawning season of the bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli in 1988 was from early May to mid-September. Spawning was temporally synchronized and lasted for about 1.5 h each night. Spawning frequency per individual was every 4 d in early June and 1.3-1.9 d in other months. Batch fecundity was a linear function of fork length and body weight; regression slopes on 6 July and 4 August were significantly higher than those on 6 June and 31 August. Estimated mean total spawnings per female in 1988 was 54. Total egg production for a fish of average size …

The Diet And Feeding Habits Of The Southern Stingray, Dasyatis Americana, In Tropical Shallow Marine Habitats, David S. Gilliam

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

The diet and feeding habits of the southern stingray, Dasyatis americana, were investigated through aerial surveys, land-based observations, and quantitative analysis of stomach contents. The field research was conducted in the Exuma Cays Land and Sea Park, central Bahamas. Systematic aerial surveys and the land-based observations were made to determine population density and feeding periodicity in terms of time or tidal phase. In August, 1989, systematic surveys were flown over two cays in the Park; a 12 km² area around Waderick Wells Cay and a 21km² area around Shroud Cay. Both survey areas were flown three times …

Performance Of Annual Legumes And Their Mixes Under Different Crop:Pasture Rotation., P. Evans

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 86KA64, 86KA65 and 86KA66

Performance of annual legumes and their mixtures under different crop:pasture rotations.

Seed reserves, especially in the 1:1 rotation treatment, are on average below 100 kg/ha and in many cases below 50 kg/ha for all three soil types. Because of this the 1991 season will be used to fertilize, control weeds, and apply a grazing management system to favour legume production and seed set. No crop will be sown in 1991.

Sub clover flowering, sequential sowings.

Location: Katanning

To provide seven different temperature and photoperiod regimes, eight cultivars of sub clover ranging in maturity from Nungarin …

Two New Species Of Netamelita From The Caribbean Sea (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Gammaridea), James Darwin Thomas, J. L. Barnard

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The previously described species of Netamelita from California and the Gulf of Mexico are reviewed and two new species, N. brocha and N. tabaci, are described from the Florida Keys and Belize, respectively. A key to the species of Netamelita is provided. In the Caribbean Sea these species live on fine coralgal muds in forereef environments at depths of 30-40 m in a distinctive amphipod assemblage dominated by the genera Garosyrrhoe and Metaceradocus. The two new species of Netamelita were observed to plough through fine surficial flocculent materials, head downward, with urosomal appendages elevated above the sediment surface.

Photis Trapherus, A New Elephantine Species From The Caribbean Sea (Crustacea: Amphipoda), James Darwin Thomas, J. L. Barnard

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Photis trapherus differs from its Californian counterpart, P. elephantis, in characters of male pereopod 6: the smallness of the posteroventral tooth on article 2, the longer article 4 with separated posterior keel and no significant posteroventrallobe, the relatively thinner article 2; the lack of distal expansion on article 4 of pereopod 7; the distinct concavity and defining tooth on the palms of gnathopods 1-2.

Wombalano Yerang, New Genus And Species Of Corophioid (Crustacea, Amphipoda) From The Great Barrier Reef, Australia, James Darwin Thomas, J. L. Barnard

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Wombalano is characterized by having a interlocked basket of large spines on the bases of male gnathopod 2; these bases arc curved inward to afford the interlocking capability.

This genus differs from Lemboides Stebbing in the even more shortened inner ramus of uropod 3, in the simple mandibular palp, the fused articles of the flagellum on antenna 2, and the immense basket-shovel formed of spines on articl 2 of male gnathopod 2.

Limnology Of Two New Lakes, Mount St. Helens, Wa, Valerie Jean Kelly

Dissertations and Theses

Coldwater Lake and Castle Lake are two new lakes which were formed in the aftermath of the volcanic eruption of Mount St . Helens, WA in May, 1980. This research describes the limnology of these lakes ten years later, and includes physical, chemical, and biological parameters. The two lakes are compared and contrasted. Previous research on the eruption and its aftermath, as well as earlier studies of the lakes are described.

Stock Enhancement Of Caribbean Spiny Lobster, Panulirus Argus Latrielle, Using Artificial Shelters: Patterns Of Survival And Dynamics Of Shelter Selection, David Bryan Eggleston

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Field tethering experiments in seagrass beds of Bahia de la Ascension, Mexico examined the impact of different-sized artificial shelters upon survival of three juvenile size-classes of the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus. The artificial shelters were concrete structures (casitas) that simulate lobster dens. In the tethering experiments, spiny lobster survival was generally higher in smaller than larger casitas, though the effect depended upon the relationship between lobster and shelter size. Thus, spiny lobster survival depends not only upon the availability of shelter, but also on the scaling between shelter size and lobster size. These results suggest that placement of appropriately-scaled …

Comparative Ecology, Morphology, And Population Genetics Of Black Triggerfish, Melichthys Niger, Kathryn D. Kavanagh

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.