Life Sciences Commons^™

The Health And Nutrition Of Migrant Farm Workers In South Carolina, Abel Caballero

All Theses

ABSTRACT
Migrant farm workers--a high percentage of which are Hispanic--are an extremely disadvantaged population that experiences several barriers, including language, nutrition, transportation, and access to health services. This population also suffers from numerous diseases (obesity, diabetes, and heart disease) and experiences various hazards associated with risky work, such as pesticide exposure. This study included data collection on basic health and nutrition barriers to identify areas where programs and policies can be modified to better serve migrant farm workers. In addition, data was examined to determine the effect of all-inclusive educational intervention on nutrition, dental, fitness, and food safety issues by …

Child Feeding Practices And Nutrition Education Needs Of The Latino Population In South Carolina, Claire Kirkpatrick

All Theses

The Latino population in South Carolina is rapidly growing. Much of this population is low-income and many have a low level of education. Latinos have a greater incidence of obesity and the resulting diseases than other ethnicities and Latino children are no exception. It is important to provide nutrition education to caregivers so that child overweight and obesity can be prevented in this population. In order to provide effective nutrition education it is essential to know what behaviors need to be targeted. This study used qualitative and quantitative methods to examine the child feeding practices used by this population to …

Associations Of Subjective Social Status And Perceived Stress To Dietary Behaviors In College Students, Eriko M. Grover

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship that subjective social status indicators and perceived stress share with unhealthy diet behaviors. A total of 898 incoming freshmen students at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK) completed a web-based survey as part of a pilot study prior to their arrival at the UTK. Two versions of the Subjective Social Status (SSS) scale were used to assess incoming freshmen’s perceptions of social standing in their high school environment and in a larger societal context. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) was used to assess stress. Diet was analyzed by assessing frequency …

The Acute Effects Of Nut Ingestion On Plasma Levels Of Polyphenol Compounds, Biomarkers Of Antioxidant Status, And Lipid Peroxidation, Setareh Torabian Esfahani

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Nuts are rich sources of polyphenolic compounds and nutrients, which have antioxidant capacity. To assess the acute effect of treatment diet (75% of energy from nuts (walnut or almond) and control diet (habitual diet with no nut consumption) in healthy subjects on plasma total phenol content, antioxidant capacity and plasma lipid peroxidation. Thirteen subjects participated in the crossover design study. After an overnight fast, walnut, almond and a control diet, in form of smoothies, were consumed by the study subjects. Each subject participated on three occasions one week apart, consuming one of the smoothies each time. Blood samples were obtained …

Characterization Of Hypertriglyceridemia In Obese Diabetic Tallyho/Jng Mice, Jennifer Melanie Fortuna

Masters Theses

Over the past 20 years, a major shift in the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) epidemic has occurred. Even though the etiology of T2DM has not yet been discovered, insulin resistance, associated with plasma lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities, has shed light to this chronic disease. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 97% of individuals with diabetes have one or more plasma lipid abnormalities, including decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, a predominance of small dense low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles and hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). Diabetic patients often develop hyperlipidemia at the early stage of the disease and …

Genetic Characterization Of The Hypertriglyceridemia And The Related Traits In Obese Diabetic Tallyho/Jngj Mice, Hyoung Yon Kim

Masters Theses

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common form of human diabetes, accounting for approximately 90% of cases and often coexists with obesity. Elevated triglyceride levels and small dense low density lipoprotein particles and reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol constitute diabetic dyslipidemia. Diabetic patients often develop hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) at the early stage of the disease, before the onset of overt hyperglycemia (diabetes). It is well-established that genetic factors significantly influence the onset of HTG, yet no susceptibility genes for common forms of HTG have been identified in human populations to date.

TALLYHO/JngJ (TH) mice are a newly established inbred …

Lipodysregulation And Type 2 Diabetes In Tallyho/Jng Mice, Ola Abdelmoniem Mostafa

Masters Theses

The prevalence of reported diabetes was 2.9 times higher in overweight than in non-overweight persons as proved by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) data. The majority of individuals with type 2 diabetes develop insulin resistance associated with overall obesity. Several lines of evidence indicate that many of the metabolic derangements associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes originate from dysregulation of lipid metabolism.

TALLYHO/Jng (TH) mice are a newly established inbred polygenic model for obesity and type 2 diabetes. These mice are characterized by insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, diabetes (males) obesity, and dyslipidemia including hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). TH …

Assessing The Acceptability Of Chocolate Chip Cookies Formulated With Fat Substitutes, Marcel R. Gailes

Electronic Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate consumer acceptance of fat substitutes as replacements for butter in chocolate chip cookies. This experiment was designed with the aim to examine how fat substitutes affect the sensory and physical qualities that contribute to acceptability of chocolate chip cookies. The fat substitutes used in my investigation included flaxseed meal, tofu, nonfat plain yogurt, unsweetened applesauce, white bean paste, and a shortening made of soy protein and canola oil known as Spectrum Spread. The fat content of the cookie dough consisted of 100% butter in the control and 25% butter and 75% substitute …

The Integration Of The Nutrition Screening Tool With The Interdisciplinary Plan Of Care Form, Beth Hyatt

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Literature Review

Undernutrition in the hospital setting has been shown to cause adverse outcomes. Screening for nutritional risk assists in the detection of undernutrition with subsequent early intervention to prevent further decline. While many nutrition screening tools exist, none are proven to detect undernutrition. Furthermore, many barriers exist for utilizing nurses as primarily responsible for screening patients for nutritional risk.

Background

A hospital reviewed the nutrition screening process and found that the form used and screening factors were insufficient to adequately detect undernutrition and appropriate referrals for dietitians.

Objectives

1) Determine if nursing compliance improved when the nutrition screening form …

Antimicrobial Properties Of Syringopeptin 25a And Rhamnolipids, Prerak T. Desai

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The increasing bacterial resistance to available antibiotics requires the search for new antibacterial compounds to be broadened. This study investigated the antimicrobial properties of two secondary metabolites from fluorescent pseudomonads -- syringopeptin 25A, a lipodepsipeptide produced by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, and a rhamnolipid mixture produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The rate of antimicrobial action was determined by monitoring the rate of uptake of propidium iodide during exposure to the compounds. Inhibition was also confirmed by the microbroth dilution method to determine the MI Cs. Both the compounds inhibited growth of Gram-positive organisms, including Mycobacterium smegmatis, staphylococci, and …

Milk Intake In Early And Late Adulthood And Risk Of Osteoporotic Hip Fractures In Utah, Melanie Jean Slavens

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The relationship between milk intake and risk of osteoporotic fractures is uncertain. Associations between milk intake and milk avoidance in relation to osteoporotic hip fracture were examined in the Utah Study of Nutrition and Bone Health (USNBH), a statewide case-control study. Cases were ascertained at Utah hospitals treating 98 percent of hip fractures during 1997-2001 and included 1188 men and women aged 50-89 years. Age- and gender-matched controls were randomly selected from Utah driver's license and Medicare databases (N= 1324). In-person interviews were conducted and participants reported frequency of milk intake per week at age 18 and during pregnancy among …

Type 2 Diabetes And The Risk Of Osteoporotic Hip Fracture In Utah Men And Women, Megan Bunch

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Prior studies have unequivocally established a consistent association between osteoporotic hip fracture risk and type 2 diabetes mellitus. One reason this association still remains unclear is primarily due to the limited amount of research conducted in this area. The Utah Study of Nutrition and Bone Health (USNBH) is a case-control study conducted in Utah during the period of 1997-2001 to determine risk factors for osteoporotic hip fracture. All study participants (n = 2590) were determined from Utah residents 50-90 years of age. Cases were determined from 18 Utah hospitals during 1997-2001. Age and gender-matched controls were randomly selected from the …

Complejos Acidificantes Multiácidos En Nutrición Del Porcino Joven, Luisa Fernanda Mahecha Clavijo

Zootecnia

No abstract provided.

Evaluación Nutricional, Análisis De Protocolos De Absorción, Patrones De Consumo Y Pasaje De Los Ingredientes Que Componen La Dieta De Un Grupo De Monos Araña Ateles Geoffroyi Rufiventris En La Fundación Zoológico Santacruz, Sandra Marcela Gómez Castellanos

Zootecnia

Los miembros del género Ateles son primates neotropicales de miembros delgados y colas prensiles viven en grupos sociales de 15 a 30 individuos (Klein y Klein, 1976). Son de hábitos arbóreos y en muy pocas ocasiones se desplazan al suelo. Su dieta en vida silvestre se basa principalmente de frutas, lo que permite que puedan aparecer como importantes dispersadotes de semillas de una gran variedad de plantas, e incluso localmente podrían llegar a ser los únicos dispersadotes de plantas que otros frugívoros especializados no consumen (Van Roosmalen, 1988). El estudio fue realizado en la Fundación Zoológico Santacruz en San Antonio …

Project Grow: A Plan To Grow An Edible Garden In A Poverty-Affected School To Improve Parent Involvement And Increase Student Knowledge Of Nutrition, Wendy Michelle Wickersham

All Graduate Projects

Growing an edible garden in a poverty-affected school serves multiple purposes. It provides a way to increase parent involvement at the school while increasing student knowledge of nutrition. This comprehensive plan prepares a school to implement a school garden run solely by teacher, students, parents, and community volunteers. The potential results are that parents will get involved at their child's school while the students can learn about nutrition along with their families.

Establecimiento Y Evaluación De Una Dieta Para Monos Tití Gris (Saguinus Leucopus) Y Estudio Del Comportamiento Alimenticio En Cautiverio En La Fundación Zoológico Santacruz, Andrés Felipe Arias Cortes, Andrés Felipe Jaramillo Díaz

Zootecnia

Colombia es un país privilegiado por su ubicación geográfica y variedad de climas lo que lo convierte en uno de los países más ricos del mundo en diversidad de flora y fauna, dentro de la cual se encuentran especies únicas o endémicas como el titi gris (Saguinus leucopus). Esta especie se encuentra seriamente amenazada por la destrucción de su hábitat y la extracción permanente de individuos para el comercio ilegal. Los animales decomisados por las autoridades son enviados a centros de rescate y varios zoológicos del país donde el conocimiento científico sobre su biología, etología y necesidades nutricionales, debe ser …