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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Neuroscience, Materialism, And The Soul: Limit Questions, Jeremy M. Aymard
Neuroscience, Materialism, And The Soul: Limit Questions, Jeremy M. Aymard
Dialogue & Nexus
In light of recent discoveries in neuroscience linking the mind to physical processes, Christian philosophers have resorted to a more materialistic view of the human person, using neuroscience as support for their view that an immaterial soul does not exist. In this essay, I will point out a major flaw in the logic for defending a materialistic view, argue that either a bipartite or tripartite view of the human person is more aligned with Scripture, and hopefully point towards a more reliable means for attaining truth regarding human nature and the soul.
Effects Of Sleep-Deprivation On Decision-Making And Action Selection, Shalin N. Shah
Effects Of Sleep-Deprivation On Decision-Making And Action Selection, Shalin N. Shah
Undergraduate Honors Theses
This thesis addresses neuroscience research focusing on the brain’s mechanisms underlying behavioral choice, or prioritization, and decision-making. The research has been conducted with Drosophila melanogaster, the fruit fly – a good model from both the behavioral and neural perspectives. This project specifically observes the co-regulation of sleep with two other behaviors – courtship and oviposition. The overlap between the sleep and courtship circuits in the brain should provide a good model for behavioral prioritization, and the interaction between sleep and ovipositional preference should provide a model for understanding the effects of sleep on decision-making. All three of these adaptive behaviors …
Balanced Excitation And Inhibition Shapes The Dynamics Of A Neuronal Network For Movement And Reward, Anca R. Radulescu
Balanced Excitation And Inhibition Shapes The Dynamics Of A Neuronal Network For Movement And Reward, Anca R. Radulescu
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Applying Fmri Complexity Analyses To The Single-Subject: A Case Study For Proposed Neurodiagnostics, Anca R. Radulescu, Emily R. Hannon
Applying Fmri Complexity Analyses To The Single-Subject: A Case Study For Proposed Neurodiagnostics, Anca R. Radulescu, Emily R. Hannon
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
An Interdisciplinary Approach To Computational Neurostimulation, Madison Guitard
An Interdisciplinary Approach To Computational Neurostimulation, Madison Guitard
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Noisy Neural Oscillators With Intrinsic And Network Heterogeneity, Kyle P. Wendling, Cheng Ly
Noisy Neural Oscillators With Intrinsic And Network Heterogeneity, Kyle P. Wendling, Cheng Ly
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Mollifying Neuroscience And Christian Faith: An Emergent Monistic Claim For Free Will And The Soul, Paul Figel
Mollifying Neuroscience And Christian Faith: An Emergent Monistic Claim For Free Will And The Soul, Paul Figel
Dialogue & Nexus
Modern neuroscience makes it difficult for one to support a case for substance dualism regarding the existence of a soul and free will. The neuroscientific evidence stems from several experiments in which test subjects were instructed to perform a simple voluntary movement. Scientists consistently observed neurological antecedents preceding the subject’s conscious decision to perform the action. An examination of these experiments and the conclusions drawn will show several key inconsistencies that weaken the extreme anti-conscious will claim. However, it is important to not reject the neurological evidence against substance dualism, but instead discover a new perspective (e.g. emergent monism) that …
An Analysis Of Neurogenesis In A Mouse Model Of Chemotherapy Related Cognitive Impairment, Maxwell A. Hennings
An Analysis Of Neurogenesis In A Mouse Model Of Chemotherapy Related Cognitive Impairment, Maxwell A. Hennings
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy often experience cognitive decline following treatment. This phenomenon, often dubbed “chemo brain” or “chemo fog” is usually temporary, but for a subset of survivors, these cognitive impairments can be long-lasting (>10 years) and negatively affect patients’ quality of life, career performance, and social fulfillment. While it is unclear what neurobiological mechanisms underlie chemotherapy related cognitive impairment, the majority of the animal literature has focused on adult neurogenesis. One process important for neurogenesis is the proliferation of new neurons within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. It is evident that many chemotherapy agents can …
Using Enzyme-Based Biosensors To Measure Tonic And Phasic Glutamate In Alzheimer's Mouse Models, Holly C. Hunsberger, Sharay E. Setti, Ryan T. Heslin, Jorge E. Quintero, Greg A. Gerhardt, Miranda N. Reed
Using Enzyme-Based Biosensors To Measure Tonic And Phasic Glutamate In Alzheimer's Mouse Models, Holly C. Hunsberger, Sharay E. Setti, Ryan T. Heslin, Jorge E. Quintero, Greg A. Gerhardt, Miranda N. Reed
Neuroscience Faculty Publications
Neurotransmitter disruption is often a key component of diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), playing a role in the pathology underlying Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, and anxiety. Traditionally, microdialysis has been the most common (lauded) technique to examine neurotransmitter changes that occur in these disorders. But because microdialysis has the ability to measure slow 1-20 minute changes across large areas of tissue, it has the disadvantage of invasiveness, potentially destroying intrinsic connections within the brain and a slow sampling capability. A relatively newer technique, the microelectrode array (MEA), has numerous advantages for measuring specific neurotransmitter changes within discrete …
Effectiveness Of A Novel Qigong Meditative Movement Practice For Impaired Health In Flight Attendants Exposed To Second-Hand Cigarette Smoke, Peter Payne, Steven Fiering, James C. Leiter, David T. Zava, Mardi A. Crane-Godreau
Effectiveness Of A Novel Qigong Meditative Movement Practice For Impaired Health In Flight Attendants Exposed To Second-Hand Cigarette Smoke, Peter Payne, Steven Fiering, James C. Leiter, David T. Zava, Mardi A. Crane-Godreau
Dartmouth Scholarship
This single-arm non-randomized pilot study explores an in ervention to improve the health of flight attendants (FA) exposed to second-hand cigarette smoke prior to the smoking ban on commercial airlines. This group exhibits an unusual pattern of long-term pulmonary dysfunction. We report on Phase I of a two-phase clinical trial; the second Phase will be a randomized controlled trial testing digital delivery of the intervention. Subjects were recruited in the Northeastern US; testing and intervention were administered in 4 major cities. The intervention involved 12h of training in Meditative Movement practices. Based on recent research on the effects of nicotine …
How Should Justice Policy Treat Young Offenders?, B J. Casey, Richard J. Bonnie, Andre Davis, David L. Faigman, Morris B. Hoffman, Owen D. Jones, Read Montague, Stephen J. Morse, Marcus E. Raichle, Jennifer A. Richeson, Elizabeth S. Scott, Laurence Steinberg, Kim A. Taylor-Thompson, Anthony D. Wagner
How Should Justice Policy Treat Young Offenders?, B J. Casey, Richard J. Bonnie, Andre Davis, David L. Faigman, Morris B. Hoffman, Owen D. Jones, Read Montague, Stephen J. Morse, Marcus E. Raichle, Jennifer A. Richeson, Elizabeth S. Scott, Laurence Steinberg, Kim A. Taylor-Thompson, Anthony D. Wagner
All Faculty Scholarship
The justice system in the United States has long recognized that juvenile offenders are not the same as adults, and has tried to incorporate those differences into law and policy. But only in recent decades have behavioral scientists and neuroscientists, along with policymakers, looked rigorously at developmental differences, seeking answers to two overarching questions: Are young offenders, purely by virtue of their immaturity, different from older individuals who commit crimes? And, if they are, how should justice policy take this into account?
A growing body of research on adolescent development now confirms that teenagers are indeed inherently different from adults, …
Tribute To Jaak Panksepp, Jonathan Balcombe
Rules And Mechanisms For Efficient Two-Stage Learning In Neural Circuits, Tiberiu Teşileanu, Bence Ölveczky, Vijay Balasubramanian
Rules And Mechanisms For Efficient Two-Stage Learning In Neural Circuits, Tiberiu Teşileanu, Bence Ölveczky, Vijay Balasubramanian
Publications and Research
Trial-and-error learning requires evaluating variable actions and reinforcing successful variants. In songbirds, vocal exploration is induced by LMAN, the output of a basal ganglia-related circuit that also contributes a corrective bias to the vocal output. This bias is gradually consolidated in RA, a motor cortex analogue downstream of LMAN. We develop a new model of such two-stage learning. Using stochastic gradient descent, we derive how the activity in ‘tutor’ circuits (e.g., LMAN) should match plasticity mechanisms in ‘student’ circuits (e.g., RA) to achieve efficient learning. We further describe a reinforcement learning framework through which the tutor can build its teaching …
Canine Emotions As Seen Through Human Social Cognition, Miiamaaria V. Kujala
Canine Emotions As Seen Through Human Social Cognition, Miiamaaria V. Kujala
Animal Sentience
It is not possible to demonstrate that dogs (Canis familiaris) feel emotions, but the same is true for all other species, including our own. The issue must therefore be approached indirectly, using premises similar to those used with humans. Recent methodological advances in canine research reveal what dogs experience and what they derive from the emotions perceptible in others. Dogs attend to social cues, they respond appropriately to the valence of human and dog facial expressions and vocalizations of emotion, and their limbic reward regions respond to the odor of their caretakers. They behave differently according to the …
The Poverty Of The Neuroscience Of Poverty: Policy Payoff Or False Promise?, Amy L. Wax
The Poverty Of The Neuroscience Of Poverty: Policy Payoff Or False Promise?, Amy L. Wax
All Faculty Scholarship
A recent body of work in neuroscience examines the brains of people suffering from social and economic disadvantage. This article assesses claims that this research can help generate more effective strategies for addressing these social conditions and their effects. It concludes that the so-called neuroscience of deprivation has no unique practical payoff, and that scientists, journalists, and policy-makers should stop claiming otherwise. Because this research does not, and generally cannot, distinguish between innate versus environmental causes of brain characteristics, it cannot predict whether neurological and behavioral deficits can be addressed by reducing social deprivation. Also, knowledge of brain mechanisms yields …
The Hypercapnic Ventilatory Response And Behavior In Ca2+-Activated K+ (Bk) Channel Knock Out Mice And T-Cell Death-Associated Gene 8 (Tdag8) Receptor Knock Out Mice, Christine Annette Ratliff-Rang
The Hypercapnic Ventilatory Response And Behavior In Ca2+-Activated K+ (Bk) Channel Knock Out Mice And T-Cell Death-Associated Gene 8 (Tdag8) Receptor Knock Out Mice, Christine Annette Ratliff-Rang
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Some acid sensing areas in the brain control the expression of breathing and anxiety/fear including the locus coeruleus (LC) (Redmond & Huang, 1979) and the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). It has been found that knocking out T-cell death-associated gene 8 (TDAG8), a chemosensor, attenuates CO2 induced fear phenotypes in mice. However their hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR) has not yet been looked at. Also, BK channels are large-conductance, calcium-activated potassium channels that are activated by increases in concentration of intracellular calcium ions. It has been found that BK KO rats have an increase in their HCVR (Patrone et al., 2014) however …