Life Sciences Commons^™

Functional Consequences Of Compartmentalization Of Synaptic Input, Melissa J. Coleman, Michael P. Nusbaum

WM Keck Science Faculty Papers

Intra-axonal recordings of stomatogastric nerve axon 1 (SNAX1) indicate that there are synaptic inputs onto the SNAX1 terminals in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the crab Cancer borealis (Nusbaum et al., 1992b). To determine whether this synaptic input only influenced SNAX1 activity within the STG, we identified the SNAX1 soma in the commissural ganglion (CoG). We found that this neuron has a neuropilar arborization in the CoG and also receives synaptic inputs in this ganglion. Based on its soma location, we have renamed this neuron modulatory commissural neuron 1 (MCN1). While intracellular stimulation of MCN1soma and MCN1SNAX has the same …

Sex Differences In The Effects Of Testosterone And Its Metabolites On Vasopressin Messenger Rna Levels In The Bed Nucleus Of The Stria Terminalis Of Rats, Geert De Vries, Zuoxin Wang, Nina A. Bullock, Suzanne Numan

Neuroscience Institute Faculty Publications

Male rats have about two times as many steroid-responsive vasopressin-immunoreactive (AVP-ir) neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) as female rats. This sex difference does not depend on differences in circulating hormone levels, since it persists in males and females that are treated with similar levels of testosterone. To analyze the cellular basis of this sex difference, we compared the effects of testosterone and its metabolites on AVP mRNA expression in the BST of males and females that were gonadectomized at 3 months of age.

When rats received implants of Silastic tubing filled with testosterone, males had …

Functional Studies Of A Transgenic Mouse Model Of Human Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa, Yoshinobu Goto

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

In Vitro Investigations Of The Acth4-9 Analogue, Org2766, Ralph F. Murry

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Use Of Activated Charcoal And Other Particulate Substances As Feed Additives To Suppress Bird Feeding, J. Russell Mason, Larry Clark

Larry Clark

Osmotic strength is a function of particle number. The experiments described here were designed to test whether the consumption of a large number of small particles might induce strong osmotic effects that, in turn, could induce food avoidance learning. The experiments also evaluated whether the abrasiveness of fine particulates or their ability to act as organic adsorbants could mediate or contribute to the avoidance of adulterated diets. In experiment I. captive European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) were given two-cup tests between plain chow and chow adulterated with activated charcoal or Anjan-activaid. a product containing large amounts of activated charcoal. Both adulterants …

Tests And Refinements Of A General Structure-Activity Model For Avian Repellents, Larry Clark, Pankaj Shah

Larry Clark

We tested the robustness of a structure-activity model for avian trigeminal chemoirritants. Fourteen benzoates and acetophenones were tested using European starlings Sturn us vulgaris as a bioassay. In general. the pre­ viously proposed model was a reasonable predictor of repellency (i.e., irritant potency). We found that the presence of a phenyl ring was critical to repel­ lency. Basicity of the molecule is the next most critical feature influencing repellency. The presence of an acidic function within the electron-withdrawing functionality seriously detracts from repellency. The presence or absence of an electron-withdrawing or -donating group may potentiate repellent effects, but its presence …

Temporal Response Of Rabbits To B-Adrenergic Agonist Feeding: Tissue Weight, Calpain And Calpastatin Activities, And Nucleic Acid And Protein Concentration, T. D. Pringle, Steven M. Lonergan, C. R. Calkins, S. J. Jones, P. S. Miller, M. Koohmaraie

Steven M. Lonergan

Forty-eight crossbred rabbits were used in three replications of a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement to investigate the short-term responses of tissue accretion, calpains and calpastatin activity, and nucleic acid and protein concentrations to 6- adrenergic agonist (BAA) feeding. Rabbits were fed a 17% CP diet with or without 7 ppm of L644,969 and slaughtered after 1, 4, 8, or 16 d of treatment. Empty body dressing percentage and biceps femoris weight (as a percentage of empty body weight [EBWI) were significantly higher in the treated rabbits than in the controls after 16 d of treatment. Heart and liver weights …

The Role Of Septal Vasopressin Innervation In Paternal Behavior In Prairie Voles (Microtus Ochrogaster), Zuoxin Wang, Craig F. Ferris, Geert De Vries

Neuroscience Institute Faculty Publications

After being paired with females, male prairie voles show major changes in their social behaviors among which is an increase in paternal responsiveness. These changes are accompanied by fluctuations in the density of the [Arg8]vasopressin-immunoreactive (AVP-ir) fibers in the lateral septum, suggesting that septal AVP might be involved in these changes. To explore a possible involvement of septal AVP in paternal responsiveness, we tested whether injections of saline, AVP, or the V1a receptor antagonist [1-(beta-mercapto-beta, beta-cyclopentamethylenepropionic acid),2-(O-methyltyrosine]AVP [d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP] into the lateral septum influenced the four most prominent paternal activities displayed by male prairie voles; grooming, crouching over, contacting, and retrieving …

Per-Like Immunoreactive Neurons Within The Brain Of Xenopus Innervate Both The Retina And Pineal Organ, J. M. Garcia-Fernandez, Kathleen King Siwicki, R. G. Foster

Biology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Multisite Microprobes For Electrochemical Recordings In Biological Dynamics, G. Sreenivas, S. S. Ang, R. M. Ranade, A. S. Salian, W. D. Brown

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

For over 30 years, techniques have been developed that allow for the microscale (10-30 /mum) measurement of chemical signals with high temporal resolution (1-200 Hz). Such measurements, called in vivo electrochemical recordings, allow for the direct determination of neurotransmitter molecules and related compounds in biological systems. Multiple recordings, simultaneously performed at different, closely spaced, well defined locations throughout a three-dimensional tissue volume in the brain, are of interest in neuroscience. Developments in microelectronic techniques enable the fabrication of multi-electrode microprobes for recording extracellular action potentials generated by individual neurons simultaneously. A high-yield microfabrication process has been successfully developed for the …

Toward An Understanding Of Alzheimer's Disease: The Effects Of B-Amyloid(1-42) And Ibotenic Acid On The Retention Of A Spatial Learning Task In Rats F:Ollowing Multiple Injections Into The Hippocampus, Jason Pequette '94

Honors Projects

Neuropathologically, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Evidence has suggested that a protein called B-amyloid (BA) is a major component of the neuritic plaques and may playa role in the neurodegeneration seen in AD. The cellular mechanisms by which BA induces neurotoxicity, however, are still unclear. Recent evidence suggests that the aggregational state of BA may be relevant to its neurotoxicity. Whether portions of the BA protein or the entire sequence produces neurotoxicity in neurons, however, remains a controversy. Still another controversy is whether BA is directly neurotoxic to neurons or whether it increases the …

Increase In Rem Density: A Biological Marker Of Bulimia And Depression Or An Artifact Of Perceived Stress?, Jeannie Hee-Jin Koo

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Use Of Cortical Grafts In Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury In Neonatal Rats, M. Hany Elsayed

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

An Immunocytochemical And Ultrastructural Investigation Of Canine Cardiac Ganglia, Mohamed Hisham Atwa Mostafa

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.