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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Investigation Of Shot1-Binding Atpases In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Sam Zelman
Investigation Of Shot1-Binding Atpases In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Sam Zelman
Masters Theses
Mitochondria play critical roles not only in primary metabolism as a central organelle for ATP generation, but also in responding to abiotic stresses. We identified a mutation in the MTERF18 (Mitochondrial Transcription Termination factor)/SHOT1 (Suppressor of hot1-4 1) gene in Arabidopsis thaliana that enables plants to better tolerate heat and oxidative stresses, presumably due to reduced oxidative damage, but the exact molecular mechanism of the heat tolerance is unknown. In order to reveal the stress tolerance mechanisms of mterf18/shot1 mutations, it is critical to understand the molecular defects of the mutant and to identify …
Exploration Of The Association Between Muscle Volume And Bone Geometry Reveals Surprising Relationship At The Genetic Level, Prakrit Subba
Exploration Of The Association Between Muscle Volume And Bone Geometry Reveals Surprising Relationship At The Genetic Level, Prakrit Subba
Masters Theses
The evolution of jaws in cichlid fishes of the East African Great Lakes is a textbook example of adaptive radiation in vertebrates. Karl Liem postulated that this adaptive radiation has been possible due to the functional decoupling of two cichlid functional units – the pharyngeal jaw (PJ) and the oral jaw (OJ). This functional decoupling of the jaws has enabled the OJ to be relieved of its dual role of prey capturing and processing and has allowed the PJ to take on the role of prey processing. As a result, African cichlids have adapted the morphology of their functional units …
Assessing Stress Tolerance Of Organelle Small Heat Shock Protein Mutants In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Parth Patel
Assessing Stress Tolerance Of Organelle Small Heat Shock Protein Mutants In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Parth Patel
Masters Theses
Molecular chaperones are proteins found in virtually every organism and are essential to cell survival. When plants are heat stressed, they upregulate and downregulate multiple genes, many of which are associated with the heat shock response. Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are one class of molecular chaperones that are upregulated during heat shock. They are proposed to act as the first line of defense by binding to heat sensitive proteins and preventing their irreversible aggregation. However, many details of sHSP function remain to be discovered and exactly what proteins they protect is unresolved. In addition to cytosolic sHSPs found in …
The Shape Of U: Mapping Out Protective Elements In Mrna Escapees, Jacob Miles
The Shape Of U: Mapping Out Protective Elements In Mrna Escapees, Jacob Miles
Masters Theses
A crucial step of the viral life cycle of Kaposi’s Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV) lytic infection is the triggering of a massive RNA decay event termed “Host Shutoff”. Host Shutoff is driven by the viral endonuclease SOX which leads to the destruction of over 70% of the total transcriptome. This process cripples cellular gene expression and allows for viral reprograming of the cell for the purpose of viral replication. Co-evolution has led to the host developing a multitude of antiviral defenses aimed at preserving certain cellular RNAs linked to antiviral responses. One such defense are RNA secondary structures located within the …
The Impact Of Microbial Experience On The Murine Innate Immune Response, Cody Thomas Morrison
The Impact Of Microbial Experience On The Murine Innate Immune Response, Cody Thomas Morrison
Masters Theses
The hygiene hypothesis predicts that certain environmental factors shape overall immune system function in animals and humans. While current specific pathogen free (SPF) mouse models are invaluable for studying the immune system, they have limitations for comparison with humans who have microbial exposures throughout their lifetimes. Several studies have shown that the composition of the immune system of SPF mice more closely resembles that of newborns, whereas the immune system from mice exposed to microbial pathogens more closely reflect adult immunity. In this study we have established a model using traditional SPF mice (“clean mice”) and SPF mice that were …
Gene Expression Regulation In The Mouse Liver By Mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin Complexes I And Ii, Anthony Poluyanoff
Gene Expression Regulation In The Mouse Liver By Mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin Complexes I And Ii, Anthony Poluyanoff
Masters Theses
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key serine/threonine protein kinase that functions in complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2. mTORC1, originally discovered due to its sensitivity towards the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, responds to extracellular growth factor signaling, WNT signaling, and nutrient abundance via glucose and amino acid-triggered signaling. Downstream effectors of mTORC1 include autophagy, mitochondrial metabolic function, protein synthesis, and ribosome biogenesis. mTORC2, initially discovered as a rapamycin-insensitive complex of mTOR, responds to insulin, growth factor signaling, and inflammatory signaling such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, with its downstream effectors being Akt, a key serine/threonine kinase that functions in cell division …
Changes In Gene Expression Profiles In Müller Glia Following Exposure To An Α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist, Megan L. Stanchfield
Changes In Gene Expression Profiles In Müller Glia Following Exposure To An Α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist, Megan L. Stanchfield
Masters Theses
Previous studies from this lab have determined that dedifferentiation of Müller glia (MG) occurs after application of an α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, PNU-282987 (PNU), to retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in adult rodents. This study was designed to explore the role of the HB-EGF/Ascl1/Lin28a signaling pathway in MG dedifferentiation to retinal progenitor cells. RNAseq was performed on MG following contact with RPE-J cells treated with PNU-282987. Up- or down-regulated genes were compared with published literature of MG dedifferentiation that occurs in lower vertebrate regeneration or with transcript profiles during early mammalian development. Between 8-12 hours, up-regulation was observed in …
Investigation Of Glutamate Carboxypeptidase Ii Roles In The Folate Cycle Dependent Reproduction And Development Of Caenorhabditis Elegans, Jessica M. Derham
Investigation Of Glutamate Carboxypeptidase Ii Roles In The Folate Cycle Dependent Reproduction And Development Of Caenorhabditis Elegans, Jessica M. Derham
Masters Theses
Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) is a transmembrane, zinc metallopeptidase that is expressed in a wide range of organisms, including roundworms, mice, and humans. In humans, GCPII is primarily expressed in the prostate, kidneys, small intestine, and central nervous system. Within the small intestine, the expected function of GCPII is to aid in the absorption of dietary folate from the intestinal lumen. GCPII cleaves excess glutamates from folate to yield monoglutamated folate which is then readily transported into the enterocyte. Folate can then be used through the one carbon metabolic cycle for the synthesis of nucleotides, conversion of homocysteine to methionine, …