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Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
The Role Of Dha In The Impact Of Trem2 On Microglia Activation And Alzheimer’S Disease, Michael A. Palmieri Iii
The Role Of Dha In The Impact Of Trem2 On Microglia Activation And Alzheimer’S Disease, Michael A. Palmieri Iii
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological disease that is associated with microglia activation. An important receptor involved in microglia activation is Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2). Recent studies suggest that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) could reduce the neuroinflammation that is associated with microglia activation. We hypothesized that when DHA concentration was increased, TREM2 expression would decrease, microglia activity would be inhibited, and a resulting decrease in neuroinflammation would be observed. We examined peer-reviewed journal articles from 2017-2022 that investigated the relationship between TREM2 activation and severity of AD symptoms, the protective properties of DHA against AD, and the …
Flippase Inhibitors As Antimicrobial Agents, Robert Tancer
Flippase Inhibitors As Antimicrobial Agents, Robert Tancer
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Drug resistant microbes are a considerable challenge for modern medicine to overcome. The research described in this dissertation involved development of lipid flippase inhibitors and investigating their potential as antimicrobial agents against various drug resistant microbes. The microbes primarily investigated were methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) & Cryptococcus neoformans. Chapter 1 reviews the historical perspective and summarizes the current state of the field of research. In Chapter 2, the design space of an antimicrobial peptide known as humimycin was explored and the effects of modifications on its structure were observed against MRSA. Several key observations resulted. Most notably, the …
Detection, Identification, And Metagenomic Characterization Of Cyanobacteria In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, Roksana M. Rahman
Detection, Identification, And Metagenomic Characterization Of Cyanobacteria In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, Roksana M. Rahman
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHAB), caused by eutrophication, is known to threaten both wildlife and human health. Barnegat Bay, also home to Oyster Creek nuclear power plant, has experienced an elevated levels of nitrogen due to human activity such as recreational activity and urbanization. This has caused an increase of CHAB’s at a more frequent rate within Barnegat Bay. In order to detect possible CHAB causing cyanobacteria, water samples were collected from 12 different locations within Barnegat Bay. Each sample was filtered through a 30- and 0.4-mm polycarbonate filter sequentially. Chelex DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and gel electrophoresis …
Development Of A Reliable Method To Express And Purify Vaccinia Virus Transcription Factors A7 And D6 In Bacteria, Younghoon Park
Development Of A Reliable Method To Express And Purify Vaccinia Virus Transcription Factors A7 And D6 In Bacteria, Younghoon Park
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Poxvirus early genes code for viral products involved in host interaction, immune evasion, replication, and transcription of the viral genome. These viral early genes contain a unique and conserved promoter sequence that is recognized by early transcription factors (ETFs). The working hypothesis is pharmacologically targeting the structure of the poxvirus early promoters can inhibit transcription of poxvirus early genes. Our group has identified unique secondary structure which deviates from a scrambled control near the Vaccinia Virus (VACV) E9L promoter. Targeting these unique structures, which most likely may be G-quadruplexes, with structure specific ligands may distort local DNA structures at the …
Characterization Of The Protective Role Of Th17 Cells In An Fc Receptor-Targeted Vaccine Strategy Against Fracisella Tularensis Infection, Kyle Devenney
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Using a murine model, we have previously showed that targeting an inactivated form of F.tularensis (iFt) bacteria to Fcg receptors by utilizing an IgG2a, anti-LPS monoclonal antibody (mAb) provides 100% protection against a lethal dose with the live vaccine strain (LVS). The binding of anti-LPS monoclonal antibodies and iFt create an immune complex (mAb-iFt) allowing the Fc-region of the antibody to target Fc receptors expressed on antigen presenting cells, leading to a more robust and effective processing and presentation of the bacterial antigens. Although the resulting protective response generated relies on both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, in our study we …
Mutational Analysis Of The Molluscum Contagiosum Virus Mc160 Protein, Henri Estanbouli
Mutational Analysis Of The Molluscum Contagiosum Virus Mc160 Protein, Henri Estanbouli
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
The Molluscum Contagiosum Virus (MCV), belongs to a family of large DNA viruses called Poxviridae. MCV causes a common skin infection resulting in benign neoplasms. 122 million cases of MC were reported in 2010. The virus is not primarily lethal, though fatalities have occurred due to secondary bacterial infections. Even with the high volume of reported cases, MCV is very much understudied, and its pathogenicity is not well understood. Thus, with that in mind, a more in-depth understanding of the MCV-host interactions is a priority. Presumably during infection, MCV utilizes immune evasion molecules to inhibit activation of the host pro-inflammatory …
Characterization Of Zinc And Cadmium Stress Response In Cyanobacterium Synechococcus Sp. Iu 625, Robert Newby Jr
Characterization Of Zinc And Cadmium Stress Response In Cyanobacterium Synechococcus Sp. Iu 625, Robert Newby Jr
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
The way that cyanobacteria process and interact with heavy metals is an important part of their physiology. Metals like zinc play a role in many essential cell processes; while metals such as cadmium appear to be universally toxic. Little is known about how these metals play a role in the harmful overgrowth of cyanobacteria called blooms. While individual mechanisms have been elucidated, a complete response for metals in cyanobacteria has not yet been proposed. To establish a proposed mechanism of response in cyanobacteria, work was undertaken studying the response to zinc and cadmium in Synechococcus sp. IU 625 (S. IU …
Comparative Evaluation Of The Antibacterial, Anti-Biofilm And Anti-Spore Effects Of Theaflavins And Palmitoyl-Egcg, Gabriella M. Appice
Comparative Evaluation Of The Antibacterial, Anti-Biofilm And Anti-Spore Effects Of Theaflavins And Palmitoyl-Egcg, Gabriella M. Appice
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Tea, one of the most common beverages, originates from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant. Two major groups of tea are fermented black tea and unfermented green tea. Theaflavins (TFs) are the major polyphenols present in black tea, while mono-palmitoyl-epigallocatechin-gallate (pEGCG) is a modified green tea polyphenol. In this study, the antibacterial effects of TF and pEGCG were evaluated against six selected bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris, using an antibacterial assay. A viability assay using SYTOX® staining and flow cytometry was also used to determine the effect of these compounds …
Development Of A Novel Method To Express And Purify Vaccinia Virus Early Transcription Factors A7 And D6 Using Bacteria, Omkar M. Gandbhir
Development Of A Novel Method To Express And Purify Vaccinia Virus Early Transcription Factors A7 And D6 Using Bacteria, Omkar M. Gandbhir
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
The eradication of Smallpox is one of the greatest human achievements. However other poxviruses still exist infecting humans (Molluscum Contagiosum, monkeypox, and Vaccinia) or livestock (cowpox, sheeppox). Though vaccines and anti-virals exist, the side effects are serious, and viral resistance has been detected. The genome amongst poxviruses is highly conserved, early gene promoters maintain a specific critical consensus region that can be targeted for development of novel broad spectrum therapeutics. Using Vaccinia early transcription factors (VETFs) a novel method of expressing and purifying VETF A7 and D6 was developed. A7 and D6 are required for transcription of early genes recruiting …
Characterization Of A Mitochondrial Localizing Molluscum Contagiosum Virus Protein: Mc163r, Jesse Coutu
Characterization Of A Mitochondrial Localizing Molluscum Contagiosum Virus Protein: Mc163r, Jesse Coutu
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Molluscum Contagiosum Virus (MCV) is an obligate human, tumorigenic poxvirus which causes benign skin neoplasms. Reduced inflammation during an MCV infection has been attributed to production of MCV immune evasion molecules (IEMs). IEMs antagonize host immune responses allowing MCV to evade the host immune system and reprogram the host cell for viral growth. MCV IEMs alter apoptosis (MC159, MC160), deregulate the cell cycle targeting retinoblastoma (MC007), and produce a chemokine homolog (MC148). Bioinformatics analysis identified MC163, as another potential host-interacting protein. Further analysis of MC163 resulted in the identification of a mitochondrial localization sequence, putative superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like Cu2+ …
Flow Cytometric Analysis For Cyanobacteria In 36 New Jersey Freshwater Bodies, Ruchit Patel
Flow Cytometric Analysis For Cyanobacteria In 36 New Jersey Freshwater Bodies, Ruchit Patel
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Eutrophication, a process that occurs due to excessive accumulation of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous is primarily from anthropogenic nitrogen and natural occurrences. This phenomenon causes cyanobacterial overgrowth which can potentially lead to toxic algal blooms that affect public drinking water sources and recreational usage. An immediate need to detect bloom forming cyanobacteria in freshwater bodies early hand is critical to implement prevention strategies. These microorganisms contain phycobiliproteins such as phycoerytrhin, and allophycocyanin as part of the phycobillisome that allow autofluorescence. In this study, 36 freshwater bodies from 14 New Jersey counties were collected and processed for flow cytometric …
Modified Green Tea Polyphenol, Palmitoyl-Egcg And Black Tea Theaflavins: Promising Natural Herpes Simplex Virus 1 And 2 Agents, Aline Moraes De Oliveira
Modified Green Tea Polyphenol, Palmitoyl-Egcg And Black Tea Theaflavins: Promising Natural Herpes Simplex Virus 1 And 2 Agents, Aline Moraes De Oliveira
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Green tea and black tea originate from the leaves of Camellia Sinensis plant and contain antioxidants known to possess antiviral properties, including anti-HSV (Herpes Simplex Virus). There is no cure for the diseases caused by HSV infections. While there is a rising concern over the increase in resistant HSV strains, new effective agents for prevention are in critical need to be developed. Green tea’s polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and its modification palmitoyl-EGCG (p-EGCG), along with black tea theaflavins TF1, TF2, TF3 have been used to study their antiviral effect against HSV type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV type 2 (HSV-2). These …
Functional Analysis Of The Molluscum Contagiosum Virus Mc160 Death Effector Domain-Containing Protein Rxdl Motif, Sarah Weber
Functional Analysis Of The Molluscum Contagiosum Virus Mc160 Death Effector Domain-Containing Protein Rxdl Motif, Sarah Weber
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
The Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) is a member of the Poxviridae family that causes benign skin lesions. MCV lesions persist on average for 8-12 months in otherwise healthy individuals. MCV lesions are characterized by reduced inflammation. The persistence and reduction of inflammation at the site of MCV lesions have been attributed to MCV immune evasion genes. MCV encodes two death effector domain (DED) containing proteins, MC159 and MC160. DEDs are found in cellular proteins such as FADD and procaspase-8. These cellular proteins are involved in several innate immune responses such as apoptosis and activation of interferon (IFN). Presumably, MC159 and …
Identification And Characterization Of Phytoplankton In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, Nicole L. Elia
Identification And Characterization Of Phytoplankton In Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, Nicole L. Elia
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Barnegat Bay is a marine estuary that encompasses 670-square miles of the eastern coast of New Jersey. The bay serves as a home to thousands of species of plants, animals, and microorganisms. During the summer months, the population of the bay increases from 576,000 to over 1.5 million residents. In 2011, the Barnegat Bay Partnership reported that environmental conditions of the bay are declining due to increased pollutants from nutrient fertilizers and runoff. Increased nitrogen levels have led to eutrophication and proliferation of phytoplankton algal blooms. Harmful algal blooms (HABs) cause a decrease in dissolved oxygen levels in the water …
The Use Of Natural Products As Potential Anti-Pseudomonas Agents, Margaret B. Bell
The Use Of Natural Products As Potential Anti-Pseudomonas Agents, Margaret B. Bell
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Pseudomonas is a genus of gram-negative gammaproteobacteria with a large range of diversity. Because of its ability to grow at low temperature, Pseudomonas is a cause of food spoilage. This bacterium is also a very common nosocomial infection of hospital patients. In this study, we investigated the effects of different natural products on Pseudomonas. The products included a polysaccharide, two flavonoids tangeretin and nobiletin and their derivatives, 5’OH-tangeretin and 5’OH-nobiletin, black tea polyphenol – theaflavins (TFs), as well as an herb named Fallopia multiflora (Chinese Knotweed). P. fluorescens and P. aeruginosa were used as model organisms. Antimicrobial effects were …
Use Of Cholera Toxin B As A Vaccine Adjuvant Activates Antigen Presenting Cells And Stimulates Production Of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Heather C. Romlein
Use Of Cholera Toxin B As A Vaccine Adjuvant Activates Antigen Presenting Cells And Stimulates Production Of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Heather C. Romlein
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Francisella tularensis is an intracellular pathogen that has been classified as a category “A” bioterrorism agent by the Centers For Disease Control. To date, there is no approved vaccine to provide protection against this pathogen. Previous in vivo studies with mice have shown that a mucosally targeted vaccine preparation of inactivated F. tularensis (iFt) adjuvanted with Cholera toxin “B” (CTB), successfully granted full protection against a less virulent strain (FT LVS) of the bacterium and provided partial protection against a more virulent strain (SchuS4). However, the mechanisms of this protection are not fully understood. In this …
Identification, Cloning And Characterization Of Van Operon In Cyanobacterium Synechococcus Sp. Iu 625, Robert Newby Jr.
Identification, Cloning And Characterization Of Van Operon In Cyanobacterium Synechococcus Sp. Iu 625, Robert Newby Jr.
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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Comparative Analysis Of Hepatic And Pulmonary Immune Mediators During Postnatal Development, Michelle Mack
Comparative Analysis Of Hepatic And Pulmonary Immune Mediators During Postnatal Development, Michelle Mack
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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Hypoxia-Induced Differential Effects On Opioid Receptor Gene Expression In Human Cell Lines, Christopher P. Karch
Hypoxia-Induced Differential Effects On Opioid Receptor Gene Expression In Human Cell Lines, Christopher P. Karch
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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Identifying The Functional Interaction Of Pcbp And Sp Proteins In Regulation Of Mu-Opioid Receptor Gene Expression, Aida Rivera-Gines
Identifying The Functional Interaction Of Pcbp And Sp Proteins In Regulation Of Mu-Opioid Receptor Gene Expression, Aida Rivera-Gines
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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Gp120 Up-Regulation Of The Mu Opioid Receptor In Tpa Differentiated Hl-60 Cells, Anitha Pallur
Gp120 Up-Regulation Of The Mu Opioid Receptor In Tpa Differentiated Hl-60 Cells, Anitha Pallur
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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Interferon Resistance And Efficiency Of Hcv Replicon Establishment In Huh7 Cells Expressing Simian Virus 5 V Protein, Nicole E. Wagner
Interferon Resistance And Efficiency Of Hcv Replicon Establishment In Huh7 Cells Expressing Simian Virus 5 V Protein, Nicole E. Wagner
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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Dara, The Antirestriction Protein Of Bacteriophage P1, Priti R. Vemulapalli
Dara, The Antirestriction Protein Of Bacteriophage P1, Priti R. Vemulapalli
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
No abstract provided.
Molecular Taxonomy Of The Lichen Genus Heterodermia, Linda Hirschberger
Molecular Taxonomy Of The Lichen Genus Heterodermia, Linda Hirschberger
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Heterodermia is lichen consisting of a fungus and algae. Morphology and chemistry cannot provide definitive evidence for the identity of Heterodermia because various species have very similar morphologies that cannot always be distinguished. Other species only differ by the presence or absence of secondary chemicals detected. by specific chemical tests, which makes distinguishing between two species difficult. The objective of this project is to use Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs) to determine how closely related each Heterodermia species is to one another. RFLPs will also be used to determine how closely related a species is to its equal in another …