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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

An Anaerobic Methane Oxidizing Community Of Anme-1b Archaea In Hypersaline Gulf Of Mexico Sediments, Karen Lloyd, Laura Lapham, Andreas Teske Nov 2006

An Anaerobic Methane Oxidizing Community Of Anme-1b Archaea In Hypersaline Gulf Of Mexico Sediments, Karen Lloyd, Laura Lapham, Andreas Teske

Karen Lloyd

Sediments overlying a brine pool methane seep in the Gulf of Mexico (Green Canyon 205) were analyzed using molecular and geochemical approaches to identify geochemical controls on microbial community composition and stratification. 16S rRNA gene and rRNA clone libraries, as well as mcrA gene clone libraries, showed that the archaeal community consists predominantly of ANME-1b methane oxidizers; no archaea of other ANME subgroups were found with general and group-specific PCR primers. The ANME-1b community was found in the sulfate-methane interface, where undersaturated methane concentrations of ca. 100 to 250 _M coexist with sulfate concentrations around 10 mM. Clone libraries of …


Probability Of Real -Time Detection Vs Probability Of Infection For Aerosolized Biowarfare Agents: A Model Study., Alexander G. Sabelnikov, Vladimir Zhukov, C Ruth Kempf May 2006

Probability Of Real -Time Detection Vs Probability Of Infection For Aerosolized Biowarfare Agents: A Model Study., Alexander G. Sabelnikov, Vladimir Zhukov, C Ruth Kempf

Alexander G Sabelnikov

No abstract provided.


Desiccation Responses And Survival Of Sinorhizobium Meliloti Usda 1021 In Relation To Growth Phase, Temperature, Chloride And Sulfate Availability, Jan A.C. Vriezen Dr., Frans J. Debruijn Dr., Klaus R. Nusslein Dr. Jan 2006

Desiccation Responses And Survival Of Sinorhizobium Meliloti Usda 1021 In Relation To Growth Phase, Temperature, Chloride And Sulfate Availability, Jan A.C. Vriezen Dr., Frans J. Debruijn Dr., Klaus R. Nusslein Dr.

Jan A.C. Vriezen Dr.

Aims: To identify physical and physiological conditions that affect the survival of Sinorhizobium meliloti USDA 1021 during desiccation. Methods and Results: An assay was developed to study desiccation response of S. meliloti USDA 1021 over a range of environmental conditions. We deter- mined the survival during desiccation in relation to (i) matrices and media, (ii) growth phase, (iii) temperature, and (iv) chloride and sulfate availability. Conclusions: This study indicates that survival of S. meliloti USDA 1021 during desiccation is enhanced: (i) when cells were dried in the stationary phase, (ii) with increasing drying temperature at an optimum of 37°C, and …


Phenotypic And Genetic Parameters Of Reproductive Traits For Ayrshire Cattle On Large-Scale Farms In Kenya, Joshua O. Amimo Jan 2006

Phenotypic And Genetic Parameters Of Reproductive Traits For Ayrshire Cattle On Large-Scale Farms In Kenya, Joshua O. Amimo

Joshua O Amimo

No abstract provided.


Survival And Growth Of Two Heterotrophic Hydrothermal Vent Archaea, Pyrococcus Strain Gb-D And Thermococcus Fumicolans, Under Low Ph And High Sulfide Concentrations In Combination With High Temperature And Pressure Regimes, Virginia P. Edgcomb, Stephen J. Molyneaux, Simone Böer, Carl O. Wirsen, Mark Saito, Michael S. Atkins, Karen Lloyd, Andreas Teske Jan 2006

Survival And Growth Of Two Heterotrophic Hydrothermal Vent Archaea, Pyrococcus Strain Gb-D And Thermococcus Fumicolans, Under Low Ph And High Sulfide Concentrations In Combination With High Temperature And Pressure Regimes, Virginia P. Edgcomb, Stephen J. Molyneaux, Simone Böer, Carl O. Wirsen, Mark Saito, Michael S. Atkins, Karen Lloyd, Andreas Teske

Karen Lloyd

Growth and survival of hyperthermophilic archaea in their extreme hydrothermal vent and subsurface environments are controlled by chemical and physical key parameters. This study examined the effects of elevated sulfide concentrations, temperature, and acidic pH on growth and survival of two hydrothermal vent archaea (Pyrococcus strain GB-D and Thermococcus fumicolans) under high temperature and pressure regimes. These two strains are members of the Thermococcales, a family of hyperthermophilic, heterotrophic, sulfur-reducing archaea that occur in high densities at vent sites. As actively growing cells, these two strains tolerated regimes of pH, pressure, and temperature that were in most cases not tolerated …


Heterotrophic Archaea Dominate Sedimentary Subsurface Ecosystems Off Peru, Jennifer F. Biddle, Julius S. Lipp, Karen Lloyd, Ketil B. Sørensen, Rika Anderson, Helen F. Fredericks, Marcus Elvert, Timothy J. Kelly, Daniel P. Schrag, Mitchell L. Sogin, Jean E. Brenchley, Andreas Teske, Christopher H. House, Kaw-Uwe Hinrichs Jan 2006

Heterotrophic Archaea Dominate Sedimentary Subsurface Ecosystems Off Peru, Jennifer F. Biddle, Julius S. Lipp, Karen Lloyd, Ketil B. Sørensen, Rika Anderson, Helen F. Fredericks, Marcus Elvert, Timothy J. Kelly, Daniel P. Schrag, Mitchell L. Sogin, Jean E. Brenchley, Andreas Teske, Christopher H. House, Kaw-Uwe Hinrichs

Karen Lloyd

Studies of deeply buried, sedimentary microbial communities and associated biogeochemical processes during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 201 showed elevated prokaryotic cell numbers in sediment layers where methane is consumed anaerobically at the expense of sulfate. Here, we show that extractable archaeal rRNA, selecting only for active community members in these ecosystems, is dominated by sequences of uncultivated Archaea affiliated with the Marine Benthic Group B and the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group, whereas known methanotrophic Archaea are not detectable. Carbon flow reconstructions based on stable isotopic compositions of whole archaeal cells, intact archaeal membrane lipids, and other sedimentary carbon pools indicate that …


Soluble Fibrin Inhibits Monocyte Adherence And Cytotoxicity Against Tumor Cells: Implications For Cancer Metastasis, John Biggerstaff, Brandy Weidow, Jacqueline Vidosh, Judith Dexheimer, Shonak Patel, Pretesh Patel Jan 2006

Soluble Fibrin Inhibits Monocyte Adherence And Cytotoxicity Against Tumor Cells: Implications For Cancer Metastasis, John Biggerstaff, Brandy Weidow, Jacqueline Vidosh, Judith Dexheimer, Shonak Patel, Pretesh Patel

John Biggerstaff

Background Soluble fibrin (sFn) is a marker for disseminated intravascular coagulation and may have prognostic significance, especially in metastasis. However, a role for sFn in the etiology of metastatic cancer growth has not been extensively studied. We have reported that sFn cross-linked platelet binding to tumor cells via the major platelet fibrin receptor αIIbβ3, and tumor cell CD54 (ICAM-1), which is the receptor for two of the leukocyte β2 integrins (αLβ2 and aMβ2). We hypothesized that sFn may also affect leukocyte adherence, recognition, and killing of tumor cells. Furthermore, in a rat experimental metastasis model sFn pre-treatment of tumor cells …