The Effects Of Intestinal Microbial Community Structure On Disease Manifestation In Il-10-/- Mice Infected With Helicobacter Hepaticus, Courtney Jaime Robinson
Apr 2013
The Effects Of Intestinal Microbial Community Structure On Disease Manifestation In Il-10-/- Mice Infected With Helicobacter Hepaticus, Courtney Jaime Robinson
Courtney Robinson
Background
The aberrant inflammation that is the hallmark of the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is associated with several factors, including changes in the intestinal microbiota. Here, we confirmed that an intestinal microbiota is needed for development of typhlocolitis in Helicobacter hepaticus infected IL-10-/- C57BL/6 mice, and investigated the role of the microbiota in modulating disease.
Results
We altered the murine microbiota by treatment with the antibiotics vancomycin or cefoperazone prior to H. hepaticus infection. Through surveys of the 16S rRNA encoding-gene, analyses of histology and changes in expression of host mediators, we correlated alterations in the microbiota with host responses. …
From Structure To Function: The Ecology Of Host-Associated Microbial Communities, Courtney Jaime Robinson, Brendan J M Bohannan, Vincent Bensan Young
Jul 2010
From Structure To Function: The Ecology Of Host-Associated Microbial Communities, Courtney Jaime Robinson, Brendan J M Bohannan, Vincent Bensan Young
Courtney Robinson
In the past several years, we have witnessed an increased interest in understanding the structure and function of the indigenous microbiota that inhabits the human body. It is hoped that this will yield novel insight into the role of these complex microbial communities in human health and disease. What is less appreciated is that this recent activity owes a great deal to the pioneering efforts of microbial ecologists who have been studying communities in non-host-associated environments. Interactions between environmental microbiologists and human microbiota researchers have already contributed to advances in our understanding of the human microbiome. We review the work …
Antibiotic Administration Alters The Community Structure Of The Gastrointestinal Micobiota, Courtney Jaime Robinson, Vincent Bensan Young
May 2010
Antibiotic Administration Alters The Community Structure Of The Gastrointestinal Micobiota, Courtney Jaime Robinson, Vincent Bensan Young
Courtney Robinson
We recently demonstrated that antibiotic administration has a reproducible effect on the community structure of the indigenous gastrointestinal microbiota of mice. In this addendum we report on additional experimentation using the antibiotic vancomycin. In accord with our previous findings, vancomycin administration results in consistent alteration of the microbiota of the cecal contents and the cecal mucosa. These alterations are largely reversed by a three-week period of recovery without antibiotics. In contrast to our previous results using other antibiotics, the alterations in community structure associated with vancomycin occured without a significant decrease in the overall bacterial biomass. These results indicate that …
Contributions Of Gut Bacteria To Bacillus Thuringiensis-Induced Mortality Vary Across A Range Of Lepidoptera, Nichole A. Broderick, Courtney Jaime Robinson, Matthew D. Mcmahon, Kenneth F. Raffa
Dec 2008
Contributions Of Gut Bacteria To Bacillus Thuringiensis-Induced Mortality Vary Across A Range Of Lepidoptera, Nichole A. Broderick, Courtney Jaime Robinson, Matthew D. Mcmahon, Kenneth F. Raffa
Courtney Robinson
Gut microbiota contribute to the health of their hosts, and alterations in the composition of this microbiota can lead to disease. Previously, we demonstrated that indigenous gut bacteria were required for the insecticidal toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis to kill the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar. B. thuringiensis and its associated insecticidal toxins are commonly used for the control of lepidopteran pests. A variety of factors associated with the insect host, B. thuringiensis strain, and environment affect the wide range of susceptibilities among Lepidoptera, but the interaction of gut bacteria with these factors is not understood. To assess the contribution of gut …
Rules Of Engagement: Interspecies Interactions That Regulate Microbial Communities, Ainslie Little, Courtney Jaime Robinson, S Brook Peterson, Kenneth F. Raffa, Jo Handelsman
May 2008
Rules Of Engagement: Interspecies Interactions That Regulate Microbial Communities, Ainslie Little, Courtney Jaime Robinson, S Brook Peterson, Kenneth F. Raffa, Jo Handelsman
Courtney Robinson
Microbial communities comprise an interwoven matrix of biological diversity modified by physical and chemical variation over space and time. Although these communities are the major drivers of biosphere processes, relatively little is known about their structure and function, and predictive modeling is limited by a dearth of comprehensive ecological principles that describe microbial community processes. Here we discuss working definitions of central ecological terms that have been used in various fashions in microbial ecology, provide a framework by focusing on different types of interactions within communities, review the status of the interface between evolutionary and ecological study, and highlight important …
