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Articles 1 - 30 of 135
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Association Of The Bb Genotype Of The Abo Gene With The Risk Of Acute Myocardial Infarction In Hospital-Based Study, Farzana Abubakar Yousuf, Iqbal Azam Syed, Asal Khan Tareen, Khawar A. Kazmi, Jibran Sualeh Muhammad, Mohammad Perwaiz Iqbal
Association Of The Bb Genotype Of The Abo Gene With The Risk Of Acute Myocardial Infarction In Hospital-Based Study, Farzana Abubakar Yousuf, Iqbal Azam Syed, Asal Khan Tareen, Khawar A. Kazmi, Jibran Sualeh Muhammad, Mohammad Perwaiz Iqbal
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Objectives: The ABO gene locus has been identified to be associated with myocardial infarction in patients with coronary heart disease. The primary focus of this hospital-based study was to explore the relationship of ABO blood groups and ABO genotypes with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: In a comparative cross-sectional study, an equal number of adult AMI patients and healthy controls (n=275 in each group; age range 30-70 years, both males and females) were recruited from the Aga Khan University and NICVD, Karachi, with informed consent. The blood samples were analyzed for ABO blood groups and other biomarkers. …
Practical Approaches To Improve Vancomycin-Related Patient Outcomes In Pediatrics- An Alternative Strategy When Auc/Mic Is Not Feasible, Kashif Hussain, Muhammad Sohail Salat, Shahzad Rauf, Manoj Rathi, Midhat Khan, Fizzah Naz, Wasif Ahmed Khan, Rahila Ikram, Gul Ambreen
Practical Approaches To Improve Vancomycin-Related Patient Outcomes In Pediatrics- An Alternative Strategy When Auc/Mic Is Not Feasible, Kashif Hussain, Muhammad Sohail Salat, Shahzad Rauf, Manoj Rathi, Midhat Khan, Fizzah Naz, Wasif Ahmed Khan, Rahila Ikram, Gul Ambreen
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Background: Anecdotal experience and studies have shown that most pediatric patients fail to reach target therapeutic vancomycin trough levels (VTLs) and required higher total daily doses (TDD). This retrospective study aims to evaluate the frequency of hospitalized children who achieved target VTLs with a vancomycin (VNCO) dosing regimen of 40-60 mg/kg/d q6h and to assess the VNCO-TDD required to attain the target and their effects on clinical outcomes in pediatric patients.
Methods: After ethical approval, patients of 3 month-12 years were evaluated in this chart review study who received ≥ 3 intravenous-VNCO doses and appropriately drawn blood samples of VTLs …
Association Between The Baseline Gene Expression Profile In Periapical Granuloma And Periapical Wound Healing After Surgical Endodontic Treatment, Muhammad Adeel Ahmed, Fizza Nazim, Khalid Ahmed, Muhammad Furqan Bari, Abdulaziz Abdulwahed, Ahmed A. Almokhatieb, Yaseen Alalvi, Tariq Abduljabbar, Muhammad Nouman Mughal, Syed Hani Abidi
Association Between The Baseline Gene Expression Profile In Periapical Granuloma And Periapical Wound Healing After Surgical Endodontic Treatment, Muhammad Adeel Ahmed, Fizza Nazim, Khalid Ahmed, Muhammad Furqan Bari, Abdulaziz Abdulwahed, Ahmed A. Almokhatieb, Yaseen Alalvi, Tariq Abduljabbar, Muhammad Nouman Mughal, Syed Hani Abidi
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
In this study, we have investigated the association between the baseline gene expression profile in periapical granuloma and periapical wound healing after surgical endodontic treatment. Twenty-seven patients aged between 15 and 57 years underwent periapical surgery. The retrieved periapical tissue sample was used for mRNA expression analysis of COL1A1, VTN, ITGA5, IL-4, TNF, ANGPT, VEGFA, and CTGF. All patients were recalled after 6 and 12 months for periapical healing evaluation. Healing was then correlated with baseline gene expression. Healing was observed in 15 patients at the end of 6 months, which increased to 21 patients after 12 months. Six patients …
The Sars-Cov-2 Differential Genomic Adaptation In Response To Varying Uvindex Reveals Potential Genomic Resources For Better Covid-19 Diagnosis And Prevention, Naveed Iqbal, Muhammad Rafiq, Masooma Ali, Sanaullah Tareen, Maqsood Ahmad, Faheem Nawaz, Sumair Khan, Rida Riaz, Ting Yang, Ambrin Fatima
The Sars-Cov-2 Differential Genomic Adaptation In Response To Varying Uvindex Reveals Potential Genomic Resources For Better Covid-19 Diagnosis And Prevention, Naveed Iqbal, Muhammad Rafiq, Masooma Ali, Sanaullah Tareen, Maqsood Ahmad, Faheem Nawaz, Sumair Khan, Rida Riaz, Ting Yang, Ambrin Fatima
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a pandemic disease reported in almost every country and causes life-threatening, severe respiratory symptoms. Recent studies showed that various environmental selection pressures challenge the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infectivity and, in response, the virus engenders new mutations, leading to the emergence of more virulent strains of WHO concern. Advance prediction of the forthcoming virulent SARS-CoV-2 strains in response to the principal environmental selection pressures like temperature and solar UV radiation is indispensable to overcome COVID-19. To discover the UV-solar radiation-driven genomic adaption of SARS-CoV-2, a curated dataset of 2,500 full-grade genomes from …
Trigonella Foenum-Graecum Methanolic Extract On Isolated Smooth Muscles And Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme: An In Vitro And Mechanistic In Silico Investigation, Muhammad Nabeel Ghayur, Mohnad Abdalla, Asaad Khalid, Saeed Ahmad, Anwar Gilani
Trigonella Foenum-Graecum Methanolic Extract On Isolated Smooth Muscles And Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme: An In Vitro And Mechanistic In Silico Investigation, Muhammad Nabeel Ghayur, Mohnad Abdalla, Asaad Khalid, Saeed Ahmad, Anwar Gilani
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Results: When tested on the baseline of isolated tissues, Tfg.Cr was devoid of any activity (stimulant or relaxant) till 10 mg/ml. This is an interesting finding, keeping in mind that the fenugreek seeds are used to alleviate constipation and diarrhoea. When Tfg.Cr was tried for any potential AChE inhibitory activity, it did show an inhibitory effect in increasing concentrations (47-380 μg/ml). This inhibitory effect was comparable to the effect produced by a standard AChE inhibitor physostigmine. One of the known fenugreek constituents, diosgenin, was also tested, and it also showed an AChE inhibitory effect in a concentration-dependent manner (11-190 …
Covid-19 In Cns And Pns: Basic And Clinical Focus On The Mechanisms Of Infection And New Tools For The Therapeutic Approach, Jorge Matias-Guiu, Jordi A. Matias-Guiu, Carmen Garrido, Genaro Pimienta, Patricio F. Reyes, Abdul Mannan Baig, Ulises Gomez-Pinedo
Covid-19 In Cns And Pns: Basic And Clinical Focus On The Mechanisms Of Infection And New Tools For The Therapeutic Approach, Jorge Matias-Guiu, Jordi A. Matias-Guiu, Carmen Garrido, Genaro Pimienta, Patricio F. Reyes, Abdul Mannan Baig, Ulises Gomez-Pinedo
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
No abstract provided.
Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies A Novel Mutation In Aspm And Ultra-Rare Mutation In Cdk5rap2 Causing Primary Microcephaly In Consanguineous Pakistani Families, Ehtisham Ul Haq Makhdoom, Haseeb Anwar, Shahid Mahmood Baig, Ghulam Hussain
Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies A Novel Mutation In Aspm And Ultra-Rare Mutation In Cdk5rap2 Causing Primary Microcephaly In Consanguineous Pakistani Families, Ehtisham Ul Haq Makhdoom, Haseeb Anwar, Shahid Mahmood Baig, Ghulam Hussain
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Background & objectives: Primary Microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare neurogenetic disease, manifesting congenitally reduced head circumference and non-progressive intellectual disability (ID). To date, twenty-eight genes with biallelic mutations have been reported for this disorder. The study aimed for molecular genetic characterization of Pakistani families segregating MCPH.
Methods: We studied two unrelated consanguineous families (family A and B) presenting >2 patients with diagnostic symptoms of MCPH, born to asymptomatic parents. We employed whole-exome sequencing (WES) of probands to find putative causal mutations. The candidate variants were further confirmed and analyzed for co-segregation by Sanger sequencing of all available members of each …
Baseline Mmp Expression In Periapical Granuloma And Its Relationship With Periapical Wound Healing After Surgical Endodontic Treatment, Muhammad Adeel Ahmed, Muhammad Faraz Anwar, Khalid Ahmed, Marziya Aftab, Fizza Nazim, Muhammad Furqan Bari, Mohammed Mustafa, Fahim Vohra, Ali Alrahlah, Muhammad Nouman Mughal, Syed Hani Abidi
Baseline Mmp Expression In Periapical Granuloma And Its Relationship With Periapical Wound Healing After Surgical Endodontic Treatment, Muhammad Adeel Ahmed, Muhammad Faraz Anwar, Khalid Ahmed, Marziya Aftab, Fizza Nazim, Muhammad Furqan Bari, Mohammed Mustafa, Fahim Vohra, Ali Alrahlah, Muhammad Nouman Mughal, Syed Hani Abidi
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Background: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) catalyzes the degradation of the extracellular matrix components and have a major role in many physiological processes including wound healing. In the current study, we examined the correlation of baseline MMPs 1, 2, 7, and 9 expressions with periapical wound healing after surgical endodontic treatment.
Methods: 27 patients aged between 15 and 57 years presenting with chronic apical periodontitis or chronic apical abscess of an anterior tooth with previously attempted or failed root canal treatment were included in this study. During surgical endodontic treatment, tissue from the periapical lesion sample was collected and used for gross …
Chronic Long-Covid Syndrome: A Protracted Covid-19 Illness With Neurological Dysfunctions, Abdul Mannan Baig
Chronic Long-Covid Syndrome: A Protracted Covid-19 Illness With Neurological Dysfunctions, Abdul Mannan Baig
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
After almost a year of COVID-19, the chronic long-COVID syndrome has been recognized as an entity in 2021. The patients with the long-COVID are presenting with ominous neurological deficits that with time are becoming persistent and are causing disabilities in the affected individuals. The mechanisms underlying the neurological syndrome in long-COVID have remained obscure and need to be actively researched to find a resolution for the patients with long-COVID. Here, the factors like site of viral load, the differential immune response, neurodegenerative changes, and inflammation as possible causative factors are debated to understand and investigate the pathogenesis of neuro-COVID in …
Editorial: Vitamin D Deficiency And Sufficiency In Reproduction And Bone Metabolism, Rehana Rehman, Faiza Alam, Mukhtiar Baig, Aysha Habib Khan, Naseer Ahmed
Editorial: Vitamin D Deficiency And Sufficiency In Reproduction And Bone Metabolism, Rehana Rehman, Faiza Alam, Mukhtiar Baig, Aysha Habib Khan, Naseer Ahmed
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
No abstract provided.
Flipped Laboratory Sessions Using Video Vignette And Active Learning: A Hybrid Approach For Online Teaching, Sabah Farhat, Rehana Rehman, Syeda Sadia Fatima
Flipped Laboratory Sessions Using Video Vignette And Active Learning: A Hybrid Approach For Online Teaching, Sabah Farhat, Rehana Rehman, Syeda Sadia Fatima
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
No abstract provided.
A Novel Missense Mutation In Tnni3k Causes Recessively Inherited Cardiac Conduction Disease In A Consanguineous Pakistani Family, Shafaq Ramzan, Stephanie Tennstedt Stephanie Tennstedt, Muhammad Tariq, Sheraz Khan, Hafiza Noor Ul Ayan, Aamir Ali, Matthias Munz, Holger Thiele, Asad Aslam Korejo, Shahid Mahmood Baig
A Novel Missense Mutation In Tnni3k Causes Recessively Inherited Cardiac Conduction Disease In A Consanguineous Pakistani Family, Shafaq Ramzan, Stephanie Tennstedt Stephanie Tennstedt, Muhammad Tariq, Sheraz Khan, Hafiza Noor Ul Ayan, Aamir Ali, Matthias Munz, Holger Thiele, Asad Aslam Korejo, Shahid Mahmood Baig
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Cardiac conduction disease (CCD), which causes altered electrical impulse propagation in the heart, is a life-threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality. It exhibits genetic and clinical heterogeneity with diverse pathomechanisms, but in most cases, it disrupts the synchronous activity of impulse-generating nodes and impulse-conduction underlying the normal heartbeat. In this study, we investigated a consanguineous Pakistani family comprised of four patients with CCD. We applied whole exome sequencing (WES) and co-segregation analysis, which identified a novel homozygous missense mutation (c.1531T>C;(p.Ser511Pro)) in the highly conserved kinase domain of the cardiac troponin I-interacting kinase (TNNI3K) encoding gene. The behaviors of …
Phylogenetic And Drug-Resistance Analysis Of Hiv-1 Sequences From An Extensive Paediatric Hiv-1 Outbreak In Larkana, Pakistan, Syed Hani Abidi, George Makau Nduva, Dilsha Siddiqui, Wardah Rafaqat, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Amna Rehana Siddiqui, Apsara Ali, Aneeta Hotwani, Rashida Abbas Ferrand, Fatima Mir
Phylogenetic And Drug-Resistance Analysis Of Hiv-1 Sequences From An Extensive Paediatric Hiv-1 Outbreak In Larkana, Pakistan, Syed Hani Abidi, George Makau Nduva, Dilsha Siddiqui, Wardah Rafaqat, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Amna Rehana Siddiqui, Apsara Ali, Aneeta Hotwani, Rashida Abbas Ferrand, Fatima Mir
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Introduction: In April 2019, an HIV-1 outbreak among children occurred in Larkana, Pakistan, affecting more than a thousand children. It was assumed that the outbreak originated from a single source, namely a doctor at a private health facility. In this study, we performed subtype distribution, phylogenetic and drug-resistance analysis of HIV-1 sequences from 2019 outbreak in Larkana, Pakistan.
Methods: A total of 401 blood samples were collected between April-June 2019, from children infected with HIV-1 aged 0-15 years recruited into a case-control study to investigate the risk factors for HIV-1 transmission. Partial HIV-1 pol sequences were generated from 344 blood …
Biomarkers For Impending Risk Of Osteoporosis In Premenopausal Women, Rehana Rehman, Ali Usman, Aisha Sheikh, Rozeena Baig
Biomarkers For Impending Risk Of Osteoporosis In Premenopausal Women, Rehana Rehman, Ali Usman, Aisha Sheikh, Rozeena Baig
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Objective: To compare 'cytokines' and 'bone turnover markers' in pre- and post-menopausal women and identify their relationship with bone mineral density (BMD) in both groups. Study Design: A cross-sectional study.
Place and duration of study: Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan, from June 2017 to August 2019.
Methodology: Groups comprised of healthy premenopausal and postmenopausal women from the general population belonging to different ethnic groups and socio-economic status. Serum cytokines and bone turnover markers were assessed by solid-phase immunoassays, BMD (gm /cm2)] measurement was performed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the hip, lumbar spine, …
General Public Perception Of Social Media, Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic, And Related Misconceptions, Rabiya Ali, Shireen Jawed, Mukhtiar Baig, Ahmed Azam Malik, Fatima Syed, Rehana Rehman
General Public Perception Of Social Media, Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic, And Related Misconceptions, Rabiya Ali, Shireen Jawed, Mukhtiar Baig, Ahmed Azam Malik, Fatima Syed, Rehana Rehman
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Objectives: To investigate the general public perception of social media (SM), impact of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, and related misconceptions among Pakistani population.
Methodology: Cross-sectional study conducted during the peak of COVID-19 in Pakistan between May-June 2020 comprised of 2307 Pakistani male and female participants. Subjects under 18 years of age and nationality other than Pakistani were excluded. An online questionnaire was administered via the Internet using various kinds of social media.
Results: The study comprised of 2307 male and female participants; 2074(89.90%) were using SM for seeking COVID-19 information, 450 (20%) were using both Facebook (FB) and WhatsApp (WA) and …
Gut Integrity And Duodenal Enteropathogen Burden In Undernourished Children With Environmental Enteric Dysfunction, Zehra Jamil, Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Romana Idress, Zubair Ahmad, Kamran Sadiq, Junaid Iqbal, Sana Syed, Aneeta Hotwani, Furqan Kabir, Kumail Ahmed, Sheraz Ahmed, Fayyaz Umrani, Fatima Aziz, Adil Kalam, Syed Asad Ali
Gut Integrity And Duodenal Enteropathogen Burden In Undernourished Children With Environmental Enteric Dysfunction, Zehra Jamil, Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Romana Idress, Zubair Ahmad, Kamran Sadiq, Junaid Iqbal, Sana Syed, Aneeta Hotwani, Furqan Kabir, Kumail Ahmed, Sheraz Ahmed, Fayyaz Umrani, Fatima Aziz, Adil Kalam, Syed Asad Ali
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is a subclinical condition of intestinal inflammation, barrier dysfunction and malabsorption associated with growth faltering in children living in poverty. This study explores association of altered duodenal permeability (lactulose, rhamnose and their ratio) with higher burden of enteropathogen in the duodenal aspirate, altered histopathological findings and higher morbidity (diarrhea) that is collectively associated with linear growth faltering in children living in EED endemic setting. In a longitudinal birth cohort, 51 controls (WHZ > 0, HAZ > -1.0) and 63 cases (WHZ< -2.0, refractory to nutritional intervention) were recruited. Anthropometry and morbidity were recorded on monthly bases up to 24 months of age. Dual sugar assay of urine collected after oral administration of lactulose and rhamnose was assessed in 96 children from both the groups. Duodenal histopathology (n = 63) and enteropathogen analysis of aspirate via Taqman array card (n = 60) was assessed in only cases. Giardia was the most frequent pathogen and was associated with raised L:R ratio (p = 0.068). Gastric microscopy was more sensitive than duodenal aspirate in H. pylori detection. Microscopically confirmed H. pylori negatively correlated with HAZ at 24 months (r = -0.313, p = 0.013). Regarding histopathological parameters, goblet cell reduction significantly correlated with decline in dual sugar excretion (p< 0.05). Between cases and controls, there were no significant differences in the median (25th, 75th percentile) of urinary concentrations (μg/ml) of lactulose [27.0 (11.50, 59.50) for cases vs. 38.0 (12.0, 61.0) for controls], rhamnose [66.0 (28.0, 178.0) vs. 86.5 (29.5, 190.5)] and L:R ratio [0.47 (0.24, 0.90) vs. 0.51 (0.31, 0.71)] respectively. In multivariable regression model, 31% of variability in HAZ at 24 months of age among cases and controls was explained by final model including dual sugars. In conclusion, enteropathogen burden is associated with altered histopathological features and intestinal permeability. In cases and controls living in settings of endemic enteropathy, intestinal permeability test may predict linear growth. However, for adoption as a screening tool for EED, further validation is required due to its complex intestinal pathophysiology.
Blue Biotechnology: Computational Screening Of Sarcophyton Cembranoid Diterpenes For Sars-Cov-2 Main Protease Inhibition, Mahmoud A A. Ibrahim, Alaa H M. Abdelrahman, Mohamed A M. Atia, Tarik A. Mohamed, Mahmoud F. Moustafa, Abdulrahim R. Hakami, Shaden A M. Khalifa, Fahad A. Alhumaydhi, Faris Alrumaihi, Syed Hani Abidi
Blue Biotechnology: Computational Screening Of Sarcophyton Cembranoid Diterpenes For Sars-Cov-2 Main Protease Inhibition, Mahmoud A A. Ibrahim, Alaa H M. Abdelrahman, Mohamed A M. Atia, Tarik A. Mohamed, Mahmoud F. Moustafa, Abdulrahim R. Hakami, Shaden A M. Khalifa, Fahad A. Alhumaydhi, Faris Alrumaihi, Syed Hani Abidi
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
The coronavirus pandemic has affected more than 150 million people, while over 3.25 million people have died from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As there are no established therapies for COVID-19 treatment, drugs that inhibit viral replication are a promising target; specifically, the main protease (Mpro) that process CoV-encoded polyproteins serves as an Achilles heel for assembly of replication-transcription machinery as well as down-stream viral replication. In the search for potential antiviral drugs that target Mpro, a series of cembranoid diterpenes from the biologically active soft-coral genus Sarcophyton have been examined as SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors. Over 360 metabolites from the …
Online Assessment In Undergraduate Medical Education: Challenges And Solutions From A Lmic University, Syeda Sadia Fatima, Romana Idrees, Kauser Jabeen, Saniya Sabzwari, Sadaf Khan
Online Assessment In Undergraduate Medical Education: Challenges And Solutions From A Lmic University, Syeda Sadia Fatima, Romana Idrees, Kauser Jabeen, Saniya Sabzwari, Sadaf Khan
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Background and objectives: The Covid-19 pandemic has caused large-scale disruption in almost all educational programs across the world. Planning and rapid implementation of assessment through an online format presents the next set of novel challenges that must be addressed by academic administrations across the globe.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between March to August 2020 at the Aga Khan University Medical College. Two hundred medical students of year 1 and 2 participated in the study. We describe the planning, processes, and outcomes of online assessments using video communication platforms conducted at a private university in Pakistan. Standardized protocols were …
Multi-Subunit Sars-Cov-2 Vaccine Design Using Evolutionarily Conserved T- And B- Cell Epitopes, Burkitkan Akbay, Syed Hani Abidi, Mahmoud A A. Ibrahim, Zhussipbek Mukhatayev, Syed Ali
Multi-Subunit Sars-Cov-2 Vaccine Design Using Evolutionarily Conserved T- And B- Cell Epitopes, Burkitkan Akbay, Syed Hani Abidi, Mahmoud A A. Ibrahim, Zhussipbek Mukhatayev, Syed Ali
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has created a public health crisis worldwide. Although vaccines against the virus are efficiently being rolled out, they are proving to be ineffective against certain emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. The high degree of sequence similarity between SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses (HCoV) presents the opportunity for designing vaccines that may offer protection against SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants, with cross-protection against other HCoVs. In this study, we performed bioinformatics analyses to identify T and B cell epitopes originating from spike, membrane, nucleocapsid, and envelope protein sequences found to be evolutionarily conserved among seven major HCoVs. Evolutionary conservation of …
Interplay Between Oxidative Stress, Sirt1, Reproductive And Metabolic Functions, Faiza Alam, Hareem Syed, Sofia Amjad, Mukhtiar Baig, Taseer Ahmed Khan, Rehana Rehman
Interplay Between Oxidative Stress, Sirt1, Reproductive And Metabolic Functions, Faiza Alam, Hareem Syed, Sofia Amjad, Mukhtiar Baig, Taseer Ahmed Khan, Rehana Rehman
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Silent information Regulators (SIRT1) gene stimulates antioxidants' expression, repairs cells damaged by oxidative stress (OS), and prevents the cells' dysfunction. In particular, the role of different Sirtuins, particularly SIRT1 in reproduction, has been widely studied over the past decade. Decreased SIRT 1 causes mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage in both male and female gametes (Sperms and Oocytes), leading to infertility. In the female reproductive system, SIRT1 regulates proliferation and apoptosis in granulosa cells (GCs), and its down-regulation is associated with a reduced ovarian reserve. SIRT1 also modulates the stress response to OS …
An Innovation In Flipped Class Room: A Teaching Model To Facilitate Synchronous And Asynchronous Learning During A Pandemic, Rehana Rehman, Syeda Sadia Fatima
An Innovation In Flipped Class Room: A Teaching Model To Facilitate Synchronous And Asynchronous Learning During A Pandemic, Rehana Rehman, Syeda Sadia Fatima
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Objective: To conduct an on line Flipped Class Room (FCR) to facilitate synchronous (in class activity) and asynchronous learning [Virtual Learning Environment (VLE)] and acquire feedback of the learning experience from medical students at Aga Khan University.
Methods: This interventional study was conducted with year II students undergoing Endocrine Reproduction Module at the Aga Khan University during April 13 to May 22, 2020. Pre reading material and pretest was shared with the students via Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) one week before the class. Microsoft Teams was used to conduct online session by two facilitators, where student discussion on case studies …
Pericardial Fluid Proteomic Label-Free Quantification Of Differentially Expressed Proteins In Ischemic Heart Disease Patients With Systolic Dysfunction By Nano-Lc-Esi-Ms/Ms Analysis, Junaid Ullah, Satwat Hashmi, Arslan Ali, Faisal Khan, Shahid Ahmed Sami, Nageeb Basir, Syedah Saira Bokhari, Hasanat Sharif, Hesham R. El-Seedi, Syed Ghulam Musharraf
Pericardial Fluid Proteomic Label-Free Quantification Of Differentially Expressed Proteins In Ischemic Heart Disease Patients With Systolic Dysfunction By Nano-Lc-Esi-Ms/Ms Analysis, Junaid Ullah, Satwat Hashmi, Arslan Ali, Faisal Khan, Shahid Ahmed Sami, Nageeb Basir, Syedah Saira Bokhari, Hasanat Sharif, Hesham R. El-Seedi, Syed Ghulam Musharraf
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) is common in patients with pre-existing ischemic heart disease (IHD) and myocardial infarction. An untargeted proteomic approach is used to improve the understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with LVSD and to find out potential proteomic signatures in pericardial fluid. The pericardial fluid of IHD (n = 45) patients was grouped into two categories according to the left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF ≥45 (n = 33) and LVEF <45 (n = 12), and analyzed by using nano-liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS/MS) technique. The nano-LC-MS/MS analysis resulted in the identification of 709 pericardial fluid (PF) proteins …
Online Medical Education And Examinations During Covid-19: Perspectives Of A Teaching Associate, Syed Mujtaba Baqir, Fatima Mustansir
Online Medical Education And Examinations During Covid-19: Perspectives Of A Teaching Associate, Syed Mujtaba Baqir, Fatima Mustansir
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has not only challenged global health systems but also social, economic, and educational systems. In this short communication, our focus is on its impact on medical education in Pakistan. We discuss the structure of undergraduate medical education in Pakistan; and how it has evolved in the wake of COVID-19. We describe our role as teaching associates (TAs) at the Aga Khan University (AKU); and how it has enabled us to be a part of the transition to online medical education, with a specific focus on online examinations in medical schools.
Knowledge, Attitudes, And Practices Against The Growing Threat Of Covid-19 Among Medical Students Of Pakistan, Khola Noreen, Zil-E Rubab, Muhammad Umar, Rehana Rehman, Mukhtiar Baig, Fizzah Baig
Knowledge, Attitudes, And Practices Against The Growing Threat Of Covid-19 Among Medical Students Of Pakistan, Khola Noreen, Zil-E Rubab, Muhammad Umar, Rehana Rehman, Mukhtiar Baig, Fizzah Baig
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Background: On account of the COVID-19 pandemic, many changes have been implicated in university medical students. We are cognizant that pandemic can be controlled with dedicated contributions from all involved in the healthcare profession. Therefore, it is important to know the pandemic and application of knowledge by the medical students to formulate a further line of management in Pakistan.
Objective: We aimed toinvestigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding COVID-19 and its impact on medical students of Pakistan.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in June 2020 by a validated self-administered questionnaire. The survey instrument was tailored from a …
Peer-Assisted Learning (Pal): An Innovation Aimed At Engaged Learning For Undergraduate Medical Students, Hasan Salman Siddiqi, Rehana Rehman, Farzeen Fatma Syed, Russell S. Martins, Muhammad Talal Ibrahim, Faiza Alam
Peer-Assisted Learning (Pal): An Innovation Aimed At Engaged Learning For Undergraduate Medical Students, Hasan Salman Siddiqi, Rehana Rehman, Farzeen Fatma Syed, Russell S. Martins, Muhammad Talal Ibrahim, Faiza Alam
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Peer Assisted Learning in teaching at undergraduate level and to assess its effects on Peer Leaders and Peer Learners.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, from May to October 2017, and comprised Peer Learners who were trained by faculty members in workshops and pre-run of experiments. Students were divided into two groups; Group A had Peer Learners taught by Peer Leaders, and Group B had those taught by trained lab technologists. Knowledge of the groups was assessed by a quiz using Kahoot. Post-session feedback questionnaires were also filled …
Ionomic Profiling Of Pericardial Fluid In Ischemic Heart Disease, Noman Khan, Satwat Hashmi, Amna Jabbar Siddiqui, Sabiha Farooq, Shahid Ahmed Sami, Nageeb Basir, Syedah Saira Bokhari, Hasanat Sharif, Sanaullah Junejo, Syed Ghulam Musharraf
Ionomic Profiling Of Pericardial Fluid In Ischemic Heart Disease, Noman Khan, Satwat Hashmi, Amna Jabbar Siddiqui, Sabiha Farooq, Shahid Ahmed Sami, Nageeb Basir, Syedah Saira Bokhari, Hasanat Sharif, Sanaullah Junejo, Syed Ghulam Musharraf
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Metals are essential cofactors that play a crucial role in heart function at the cell and tissue level. Information regarding the role of metals in the pericardial fluid and its ionome in ischemic heart disease (IHD) is limited. We aimed to determine the association of elements in pericardial fluid and serum samples of IHD patients and their correlation with systolic and diastolic function. IHD patients have been studied with systolic and diastolic dysfunction categorized on the basis of echocardiographic parameters. We measured concentrations of sixteen elements in the pericardial fluid and serum of 46 patients obtained during open heart surgery …
Impact Of Humanities And Social Sciences Curriculum In An Undergraduate Medical Education Programme, Kulsoom Ghias, Kausar S. Khan, Rukhsana Ali, Shireen Azfar, Rashida Ahmed
Impact Of Humanities And Social Sciences Curriculum In An Undergraduate Medical Education Programme, Kulsoom Ghias, Kausar S. Khan, Rukhsana Ali, Shireen Azfar, Rashida Ahmed
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Objective: To evaluate the impact of humanities and social sciences curriculum in an undergraduate medical education programme.
Methods: The qualitative study was conducted from May 2016 to May 2017 at a private medical college in Karachi where humanities and social sciences subject is an art of the undergraduate curriculum as a 6-week module at the start of Year 1 of the five-year programme. Focus group discussions were held with students from all the five years as well as with faculty related to humanities and social sciences, basic sciences and their clinical counterparts. The views of alumni of the undergraduate programme …
Understanding Of Metals Dysregulation In Patients With Systolic And Diastolic Dysfunction In Ischemic Heart Disease, Noman Khan, Satwat Hashmi, Amna Jabbar Siddiqui, Sabiha Farooq, Shahid Ahmed Sami, Nageeb Basir, Syeda Saira Bokhari, Hasanat Sharif, Sanaullah Junejo, Hesham R. El-Seedi, Syed Ghulam Musharraf
Understanding Of Metals Dysregulation In Patients With Systolic And Diastolic Dysfunction In Ischemic Heart Disease, Noman Khan, Satwat Hashmi, Amna Jabbar Siddiqui, Sabiha Farooq, Shahid Ahmed Sami, Nageeb Basir, Syeda Saira Bokhari, Hasanat Sharif, Sanaullah Junejo, Hesham R. El-Seedi, Syed Ghulam Musharraf
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death and chronic disability in the world. IHD affects both the systolic and diastolic function of the heart which progressively leads to heart failure; a structural and functional impairment of filling or ejection of blood from the heart. In this study, the progression of systolic and diastolic dysfunction characterized according to their echocardiographic parameters including left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), grades of diastolic dysfunction and ratio between early mitral inflow velocity and mitral annular early diastolic velocity (E/e'), were correlated with differential regulation of various metals in patients sera samples (n …
Microrna-16, Programmed Cell Death Protein-4 (Pdcd-4) And Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Naseem Zehra, Arfa Azhar, Rehana Rehman
Microrna-16, Programmed Cell Death Protein-4 (Pdcd-4) And Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Naseem Zehra, Arfa Azhar, Rehana Rehman
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
No abstract provided.
Clinicopathologic Features Predictive Of Distant Metastasis In Patients Diagnosed With Invasive Breast Cancer, Basim Ali, Fatima Mubarik, Nida Zahid, Abida K. Sattar
Clinicopathologic Features Predictive Of Distant Metastasis In Patients Diagnosed With Invasive Breast Cancer, Basim Ali, Fatima Mubarik, Nida Zahid, Abida K. Sattar
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Purpose: National Comprehensive Cancer Network and European Society for Medical Oncology guidelines suggest screening for distant metastasis (M1) in symptomatic patients or those with locally advanced breast cancer. These guidelines are based on studies that often used pathologic staging for analysis. Physician variability in screening for M1 has also resulted in overuse of diagnostic tests. We sought to identify clinicopathologic features at diagnosis that could guide testing for metastatic disease.
Methods: Patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between January 2014 and December 2015 were identified from our institutional database. Demographic and clinical variables were collected, including receptor profiles and clinical …