Life Sciences Commons^™

Size Dependent Translocation And Fetal Accumulation Of Gold Nanoparticles From Maternal Blood In The Rat., Manuela Semmler-Behnke, Jens Lipka, Alexander Wenk, Martin Schäffler, Furong Tian, Günter Schmid, Günter Oberdörster, Wolfgang G. Kreyling

Articles

Background

There is evidence that nanoparticles (NP) cross epithelial and endothelial body barriers. We hypothesized that gold (Au) NP, once in the blood circulation of pregnant rats, will cross the placental barrier during pregnancy size-dependently and accumulate in the fetal organism by 1. transcellular transport across the hemochorial placenta, 2. transcellular transport across amniotic membranes 3. transport through ~20 nm wide transtrophoblastic channels in a size dependent manner. The three AuNP sizes used to test this hypothesis are either well below, or of similar size or well above the diameters of the transtrophoblastic channels.

Methods

We intravenously injected monodisperse, negatively …

The Antimicrobial Activity Of Whey Permeate (Against Escherichia Coli Atcc 25922), Sahand Mohsen Pour [Thesis]

Other resources

This project evaluated the antimicrobial activity of whey samples and its potential as a new sanitising agent. Whey samples produced during the manufacture of various cheese types were tested. Different thermal treatments (65°C for 10, 20 and 30 minutes, 72°C for 15 sec and 121°C for 15 minutes) were applied to the whey samples. The impact of the heat treatment on mesophilic, psychrotrophic and lactic acid bacteria, yeast and moulds were monitored. The physio-chemical properties (pH, water activity, moisture content, ash content, soluble solids and turbidity), proximate analysis (protein content using the Bradford assay and peptide pattern using SDS-PAGE) of …

Antibody-Drug Gold Nanoantennas With Raman Spectroscopic Fingerprints For In Vivo Tumour Theranostics., Joao Conde, Chenchen Bao, Daxiang Cui, Pedro V. Baptista, Furong Tian

Articles

Inspired by the ability of SERS nanoantennas to provide an integrated platform to enhance disease targeting in vivo, we developed a highly sensitive probe for in vivo tumoral recognition with the capacity to target specific cancer biomarkers such as epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) on human cancer cells and xenograft tumour models. Here, we used ~90 nm gold nanoparticles capped by a Raman reporter, encapsulated and entrapped by larger polymers and a FDA antibody-drug conjugate –Cetuximab (Erbitux®) – that specifically targets EGFR and turns off a main signalling cascade for cancer cells to proliferate and survive. These drug/SERS gold nanoantennas …

The Association Of Cold Weather And All-Cause And Cause-Specific Mortality In The Island Of Ireland Between 1984 And 2007, Ariana Zeka, Stephen Browne, Helen Mcavoy, Patrick Goodman

Articles

Background: This study aimed to assess the relationship between cold temperature and daily mortality in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and Northern Ireland (NI), and to explore any differences in the population responses between the two jurisdictions. Methods: A time-stratified case-crossover approach was used to examine this relationship in two adult national populations, between 1984 and 2007. Daily mortality risk was examined in association with exposure to daily maximum temperatures on the same day and up to 6 weeks preceding death, during the winter (December-February) and an extended cold period (October-March), using distributed lag models. Model stratification by age and …

Antimicrobial Properties Of Vertically Aligned Nano-Tubular Copper, Kafil Razeeb, Joanna Podporska-Carroll, Mamun Jamal, Maksudul Hassan, Michael Nolan, Declan Mccormack, Brid Quilty, Simon Newcombe, Suresh Pillai

Articles

In this work, the antimicrobial properties of vertically aligned nano-tubular Cu arrays (NT-Cu) fabricated via a template-based electrodeposition approach were investigated. The NT-Cu display good bactericidal activity against S.aureus and bacteriostatic properties against E.coli, S.sonnei, S.enterica and C.albicans. In contrast, Cu-foil electrodeposited from the same solution shows low biological activity against the same microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity of NT-Cu depends on both the type of microorganism and exposure time. After 6 hours of exposure, over 99.99% (log red = 4.43) of S.aureus population was inactivated, whereas, for E.coli, S.sonnei, S.enterica and C.albicans it was 97.8, 94.2, 89.9, and 90.3%, respectively.

Β-Lactam Estrogen Receptor Antagonists And A Dual-Targeting Estrogen Receptor/Tubulin Ligand, Niamh O'Boyle, Jade K. Pollock, Miriam Carr, Andrew Js Knox, Seema M. Nathwani, Shu Wang, Laura Caboni, Daniela M. Zisterer, Mary Meegan

Articles

Twelve novel β-lactams were synthesised and their antiproliferative effects and binding affinity for the predominant isoforms of the estrogen receptor (ER), ERα and ERβ, were determined. β-Lactams 23 and 26 had the strongest binding affinities for ERα (IC₅₀ values: 40 and 8 nM respectively) and ERβ (IC₅₀ values: 19 and 15 nM). β-Lactam 26 was the most potent in antiproliferative assays using MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and further biochemical analysis showed that it caused accumulation of cells in G₂/M phase (mitotic blockade) and depolymerisation of tubulin in MCF-7 cells. Compound 26 also induced apoptosis and downregulation …

Vibrational Spectroscopy: Disease Diagnostics And Beyond, Hugh Byrne, Kamila Ostrowska, Haq Nawaz, Jennifer Dorney, Aidan Meade, Franck Bonnier, Fiona Lyng

Books/Book Chapters

Summary

This chapter outlines some developments in the applications of vibrational spectroscopy for disease diagnostics and demonstrates how the applications of the spectroscopic techniques can be extended to the analysis and evaluation of disease aetiology and the mechanisms of interaction and the cellular and subcellular responses to, for example chemotherapeutic agents and nanoparticles. The primary emphasis is on Raman spectroscopy, although some examples are based on infrared absorption spectroscopy. The studies presented are chosen to illustrate how a range of multivariate analytical techniques can be employed to maximize the potential benefits of the complex spectral information obtained from tissue or …