Life Sciences Commons^™

Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Insulin Resistance, And Hypertension As Mediators For Adverse Effects Of Obesity On The Brain: A Review, Mahnaz Ghowsi, Farshad Qalekhani, Mohammad Hosein Farzaei, Fariba Mahmudi, Namdar Yousofvand, Tanuj Joshi

BioMedicine

Nowadays, the incidence of obesity is a global challenge and it is estimated that the total number of overweight and obese adults will increase up to 1.35 billion by 2030. Evidence obtained from clinical and experimental studies shows that obesity may be associated with cognitive performance and executive function impairments. Considering various evidence for the poor episodic memory tasks and verbal learning as well as the destruction of cortical gray matter in the obese individuals, here, we collected some causal pathways for contribution of inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and hypertension in the development of brain disorders in obesity. The …

The Influence Of Tas2r38 Bitter Taste Gene Polymorphisms On Obesity Risk In Three Racially Diverse Groups, Chaowanee Chupeerach, Pradtana Tapanee, Nattira On-Nom, Piya Temviriyanukul, Boonrat Chantong, Nicole Reeder, Grace A. Adegoye, Terezie Tolar-Peterson

BioMedicine

Objectives: Bitter taste perception affects food preference, eating behavior, and nutrient intake. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of bitter taste gene polymorphisms to body fatness as measured by percentage of body fat.

Method: Three common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the TAS2R38 gene which result in amino acid changes in the protein (A49P, V262A, and I296V), were studied in three racially diverse groups: European Americans n=313, African Americans n=109, and Asians n=234.

Results: The allele frequencies of the three SNPs were similar to previous studies. The rare haplotypes, AAI and AAV, were found in high …