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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Alcohol And Cancer Stem Cells, Mei Xu, Jia Luo
Alcohol And Cancer Stem Cells, Mei Xu, Jia Luo
Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications
Heavy alcohol consumption has been associated with increased risk of several cancers, including cancer of the colon, rectum, female breast, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, liver, and esophagus. It appears that alcohol exposure not only promotes carcinogenesis but also enhances the progression and aggressiveness of existing cancers. The molecular mechanisms underlying alcohol tumor promotion, however, remain unclear. Cancer stem cells (CSC), a subpopulation of cancer cells with self-renewal and differentiation capacity, play an important role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, recurrence, and therapy resistance. The recent research evidence suggests that alcohol increases the CSC population in cancers, which may underlie alcohol-induced …
Thiamine Deficiency And Neurodegeneration: The Interplay Among Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, And Autophagy, Dexiang Liu, Zunji Ke, Jia Luo
Thiamine Deficiency And Neurodegeneration: The Interplay Among Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, And Autophagy, Dexiang Liu, Zunji Ke, Jia Luo
Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications
Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential nutrient and indispensable for normal growth and development of the organism due to its multilateral participation in key biochemical and physiological processes. Humans must obtain thiamine from their diet since it is synthesized only in bacteria, fungi, and plants. Thiamine deficiency (TD) can result from inadequate intake, increased requirement, excessive deletion, and chronic alcohol consumption. TD affects multiple organ systems, including the cardiovascular, muscular, gastrointestinal, and central and peripheral nervous systems. In the brain, TD causes a cascade of events including mild impairment of oxidative metabolism, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration, which are commonly observed in …