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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Hurricane Storm Surge Simulations Comparing Three-Dimensional With Two-Dimensional Formulations Based On An Ivan-Like Storm Over The Tampa Bay, Florida Region, Robert H. Weisberg, Lianyuan Zheng
Hurricane Storm Surge Simulations Comparing Three-Dimensional With Two-Dimensional Formulations Based On An Ivan-Like Storm Over The Tampa Bay, Florida Region, Robert H. Weisberg, Lianyuan Zheng
Marine Science Faculty Publications
We provide a dynamics‐based comparison on the results from three‐dimensional and two‐dimensional simulations of hurricane storm surge. We begin with the question, What may have occurred in the Tampa Bay, Florida vicinity had Hurricane Ivan made landfall there instead of at the border between Alabama and Florida? This question is explored using a three‐dimensional, primitive equation, finite volume coastal ocean model. The results show that storm surges are potentially disastrous for the Tampa Bay area, especially for landfalls located to the north of the bay mouth. The worst case among the simulations considered is for landfall at Tarpon Springs, such …
Si Cycle In The Cariaco Basin, Venezuela: Seasonal Variability In Silicate Availability And The Si:C:N Composition Of Sinking Particles, Robert C. Thunell, Claudia Benitez-Nelson, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Laura Lorenzoni, Mary Scranton, Ramon Varela, Yrene Astor, Kent A. Fanning
Si Cycle In The Cariaco Basin, Venezuela: Seasonal Variability In Silicate Availability And The Si:C:N Composition Of Sinking Particles, Robert C. Thunell, Claudia Benitez-Nelson, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Laura Lorenzoni, Mary Scranton, Ramon Varela, Yrene Astor, Kent A. Fanning
Marine Science Faculty Publications
A 9‐year time series of water column and sediment trap measurements was used to examine silicon cycling within the anoxic Cariaco Basin. The dynamic hydrographic regime within Cariaco Basin results in strong seasonal changes in nutrient availability and the Si:C:N of sinking particles. Upwelling in early winter injects silicic acid (Si(OH)4= ) and nitrate (NO3−) rich waters into the photic zone which stimulates primary production and results in opal fluxes in excess of 4 mmol Si m−2 d−1. However, even during upwelling, surface waters tend to be depleted (<1 μM) in …
Analysis Of Large-Scale Ocean Bottom Pressure Variability In The North Pacific, Don P. Chambers, Josh K. Willis
Analysis Of Large-Scale Ocean Bottom Pressure Variability In The North Pacific, Don P. Chambers, Josh K. Willis
Marine Science Faculty Publications
[1] We use the leading empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of ocean bottom pressure (OBP) derived from an ocean model and the technique of EOF reconstruction to reduce noise in the large-scale OBP variations derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). The subsequent OBP variations from the model and GRACE are then examined in the North Pacific between January 2003 and May 2007. Although annual and semiannual variations are similar, GRACE observes large interannual fluctuations poleward of 30°, where OBP increases from a low of nearly 3 cm below normal in early 2003 to normal throughout 2004 and 2005, …
Grace Observes Small-Scale Mass Loss In Greenland, B. Wouters, D. Chambers, E.J. O. Schrama
Grace Observes Small-Scale Mass Loss In Greenland, B. Wouters, D. Chambers, E.J. O. Schrama
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Using satellite gravity data between February 2003 and January 2008, we examine changes in Greenland's mass distribution on a regional scale. During this period, Greenland lost mass at a mean rate of 179 ± 25 Gt/yr, equivalent to a global mean sea level change of 0.5 ± 0.1 mm/yr. Rates increase over time, suggesting an acceleration of the mass loss, driven by mass loss during summer. The largest mass losses occurred along the southeastern and northwestern coast in the summers of 2005 and 2007, when the ice sheet lost 279 Gt and 328 Gt of ice respectively within 2 months. …
Estimating Geocenter Variations From A Combination Of Grace And Ocean Model Output, Sean Swenson, D. Chambers, John Wahr
Estimating Geocenter Variations From A Combination Of Grace And Ocean Model Output, Sean Swenson, D. Chambers, John Wahr
Marine Science Faculty Publications
In this study, we estimate a time series of geocenter anomalies from a combination of data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission and the output from ocean models. A matrix equation is derived relating total geocenter variations to the GRACE coefficients of degrees two and higher and to the oceanic component of the degree one coefficients. We estimate the oceanic component from t wo state-of-the-art ocean models. Results are compared to independent estimates of geocenter derived from other satellite data, such as satellite laser ranging and GPS. Finally, we compute degree one coefficients that are consistent …
Assimilation Of High-Frequency Radar Currents In A Nested Model Of The West Florida Shelf, Alexander Barth, Aida Alvera-Azcarate, Robert H. Weisberg
Assimilation Of High-Frequency Radar Currents In A Nested Model Of The West Florida Shelf, Alexander Barth, Aida Alvera-Azcarate, Robert H. Weisberg
Marine Science Faculty Publications
High‐frequency radar currents are assimilated in a West Florida Shelf (WFS) model based on the Regional Ocean Model System (ROMS), which is nested in the Atlantic Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) for the purpose of including both local and deep‐ocean forcing, particularly the Gulf of Mexico Loop Current. Tides are not included in this model. An ensemble simulation of the WFS model is carried out under different wind‐forcings in order to estimate the error covariance of the model state vector and the covariance between ocean currents and winds. Radial currents measured by high‐frequency radar antennas near Saint Petersburg and Venice, …
Assessing The Globally Averaged Sea Level Budget On Seasonal To Interannual Timescales, Josh K. Willis, D. Chambers, R Steven Nerem
Assessing The Globally Averaged Sea Level Budget On Seasonal To Interannual Timescales, Josh K. Willis, D. Chambers, R Steven Nerem
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Analysis of ocean temperature and salinity data from profiling floats along with satellite measurements of sea surface height and the time variable gravity field are used to investigate the causes of global mean sea level rise between mid-2003 and mid-2007. The observed interannual and seasonal fluctuations in sea level can be explained as the sum of a mass component and a steric (or density related) component to within the error bounds of each observing system. During most of 2005, seasonally adjusted sea level was approximately 5 mm higher than in 2004 owing primarily to a sudden increase in ocean mass …
A Nested Model Study Of The Loop Current Generated Variability And Its Impact On The West Florida Shelf, Alexander Barth, Aida Alvera-Azcarate, Robert H. Weisberg
A Nested Model Study Of The Loop Current Generated Variability And Its Impact On The West Florida Shelf, Alexander Barth, Aida Alvera-Azcarate, Robert H. Weisberg
Marine Science Faculty Publications
A West Florida Shelf model based on the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) is nested in the North Atlantic Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (NAT HYCOM). The focus of this work is the study of the impact of the Loop Current on the West Florida Shelf. In order to assess the model's accuracy, it is compared quantitatively to in situ temperature and velocity measurements on the shelf. A series of sensitivity experiments are conducted to determine the appropriate wind forcing, sea surface temperature relaxation, and mixing scheme. by the inclusion of the Loop Current, we are able to study the propagation …