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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Collaborative Research: Origins Of Cods On Georges Bank: Contributions Of Early Developmental Stages For The Scotian Shelf, David W. Townsend, Irv Kornfield, Linda Kling
Collaborative Research: Origins Of Cods On Georges Bank: Contributions Of Early Developmental Stages For The Scotian Shelf, David W. Townsend, Irv Kornfield, Linda Kling
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
Recent work in the Georges Bank-Gulf of Maine area has documented significant, and apparently episodic, fluxes of Scotian Shelf Water (SSW) from the Nova Scotian continental shelf to Georges Bank. SSW is a relatively cold and fresh water mass with a significant component from the St. Lawrence River, and is commonly identifiable with temperature-salinity analyses of hydrographic data and in satellite images of sea surface temperature. One such flux episode was observed last March (1997) in satellite imagery and from shipboard hydrographic sampling on Georges Bank. Qualitative at-sea analyses of ichthyoplankton sampled on the March cruise revealed a remarkably tight …
Composition And Function Of A Novel Consortial Endosymbiosis In The Shipworm Lyrodus Pedicellatus, Daniel L. Distel
Composition And Function Of A Novel Consortial Endosymbiosis In The Shipworm Lyrodus Pedicellatus, Daniel L. Distel
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
Enormous quantities of wood and other woody plant materials
(including leaves, bark, shoots, stems and nuts) are produced annually in
the environment. In fact, cellulose, the major component of woody
materials, is thought to be the most abundant biological material on earth.
This remarkably strong and enduring molecule is a polymer of glucose
(sugar) linked by a type of chemical bond that makes it indigestible to
most living organisms. Therefore, this rich source of food energy is
available to only a few animals (e.g., termites and ruminants) that can
digest cellulose with the aid of microbes living in their guts. …
Collaborative Research: Determinants Of Male Reproductive Success In Natural Spawns, Philip O. Yund, Paul Rawson
Collaborative Research: Determinants Of Male Reproductive Success In Natural Spawns, Philip O. Yund, Paul Rawson
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
This proposal is an extension of previous work aimed at understanding the effects of reproductive biology on patterns of life history evolution in a colonial marine tunicate, Botryllus schlosseri. The project will test five hypotheses about factors that may determine male reproductive success in natural spawns of this colonial invertebrate. The five hypotheses specifically aim to explore the effects of timing of sperm release, relatedness of mates, population density, and allocation to male function on fertilization success in field and experimental populations of Botryllus.
Previous work has shown that there is a narrow temporal window in which fertilization can result …
Molecular Systematics Of A Rapidly Evolving Species Flock: The Mbuna (Cichlidae) Of Lake Malawi, Irving L. Kornfield
Molecular Systematics Of A Rapidly Evolving Species Flock: The Mbuna (Cichlidae) Of Lake Malawi, Irving L. Kornfield
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
Kornfield Irv Kornfield of the University of Maine will employ hypervariable microsatellite markers to study the systematics and phylogeny of the mbuna , a large group of cichlid fishes of Lake Malawi, East Africa, that have obligate ties to shallow, rocky habitats. Mbuna represent a highly speciose assemblage known for rapid and extensive diversification over a short periods of time. Mbuna thus represent an ideal model system in which to examine processes (e.g., habitat fragmentation, trophic and spatial niche shifts, interspecific agonistic interaction, and sexual selection) that are associated with speciation and adaptive radiation. Kornfield will use microsatellite markers to …
Proteins Of Oxygen-Binding And Energy Metabolism In Muscles Of Antarctic Fishes: Evolutionary Adjustments To Life At Cold Temperature, Bruce Sidell, Michael E. Vayda
Proteins Of Oxygen-Binding And Energy Metabolism In Muscles Of Antarctic Fishes: Evolutionary Adjustments To Life At Cold Temperature, Bruce Sidell, Michael E. Vayda
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
The suborder Notothenoidei is the dominant fish group of the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica, both in terms of number of species and biomass. For about fourteen million years, these highly successful fish evolved under stable thermal conditions that result in body temperatures of about zero degrees centigrade throughout their life histories. Evolution this cold environment has led to unusual physiological and biochemical characteristics. In some cases, the characteristics contribute to overcoming constraints of cold temperature on biological processes. In other instances, mutations that probably would have been lethal in warmer, less oxygen-rich environments than the Southern Ocean have been retained …
Is Hemoglobin Gelation An Adaptation To The Cold In Boreal Fishes?, Ione Hunt Von Herbing
Is Hemoglobin Gelation An Adaptation To The Cold In Boreal Fishes?, Ione Hunt Von Herbing
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
Recent studies of fish red blood cells found that a regular paracrystalline array of hemoglobin (Hb) tetamers formed under low oxygen conditions in 2 species of boreal fishes, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and toadfish, (Opsanus tau). This phenomenon is termed hemoglobin gelation and its physiological characteristics and importance to survival of boreal fishes is unknown. The study outlined in this proposal will obtain preliminary data on the frequency and physiological nature of the phenomenon of hemoglobin (Hb) gelation in red blood cells of fishes that inhabit cold-water temperate and Arctic environments. The present study will test the hypothesis that hemoglobin …
Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowships At The Darling Marine Center, Kevin J. Eckelbarger
Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowships At The Darling Marine Center, Kevin J. Eckelbarger
University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports
This award provides funding to initiate a Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) program at the University of Maine's Darling Marine Center. The two-year pilot program will sponsor six to eight undergraduate students in an eleven-week internship that includes seminars and a research project. Mentors chosen by the students will help the students formulate and conduct a research project. Students will receive instruction in scientific methodology and related skills that are common to all fields of science (hypothesis formulation and testing, elementary statistics, experimental and sampling design, scientific writing, and data presentation). They will also participate in a seminar focused on …