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- Biological Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (14)
- Fisheries Science Peer-Reviewed Articles (8)
- Physical Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (7)
- Alkalinity budget; calcium carbonate cycling; Chesapeake Bay; oyster reef; shell budget (1)
- Amphipod; antipredator behavior; diversity; food web; marine; multiple predator; nonconsumptive effects (1)
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- Animal behavior (1)
- Aquatic Health Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (1)
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- CARCHARHINUS-PLUMBEUS; AGE-DETERMINATION; CHONDRICHTHYAN FISHES; BOMB RADIOCARBON; UNITED-STATES; LAMNA-NASUS; VALIDATION; PARAMETERS; SELECTION; CURVE (1)
- CLAM MACOMA-BALTHICA; BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES; BENTHIC MACROFAUNA; OXYGEN DEPLETION; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; EUTROPHICATION; POLYCHAETE; DYNAMICS; WATER; POPULATION (1)
- COUPLED NITRIFICATION-DENITRIFICATION; COASTAL MARINE-ENVIRONMENT; NITROGEN INCORPORATION; ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS; AMINO-ACIDS; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; INTERTIDAL SEDIMENT; CHAETOMORPHA-LINUM; LIPID BIOMARKERS (1)
- DWELLING SNAPPING SHRIMPS; ALPHEIDAE SYNALPHEUS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DISCOVERY-BAY; CORAL-REEFS; BELIZE; BIODIVERSITY; DEMOSPONGIAE; CRUSTACEA; ABUNDANCE (1)
- Deep-water fish (1)
- Dermersal fish (1)
- Diazotrophy; DON release; dissolved N-15(2); unicellular diazotrophs; Saharan dust (1)
- Direct vs. indirect effects; epiphyte; mesograzer; seagrass; structural equation modeling; top-down vs. bottom-up processes; trophic cascade; York River (1)
- Eastern mosquitofish (1)
- Electroretinography (1)
- Fish (1)
- Flicker fusion frequency (1)
- GULF-OF-MEXICO; RHINOPTERA-BONASUS; LIFE-HISTORY; MOVEMENTS; SHARKS; CALIFORNICA; POPULATION (1)
- GULF-OF-MEXICO; WESTERN GULF; SEXUAL-MATURITY; LEUCORAJA-ERINACEA; AMBLYRAJA-RADIATA; WINTER SKATE; AGE; MAINE; SIZE; EXTINCTION (1)
- Genetic polymorphisms (1)
- Hypoxia; hypoxic volume; Chesapeake Bay; dead zone; water quality; dissolved oxygen (1)
- Intermodel comparisons; inundation prediction (1)
- Invasive Species; Asian Shore Crab; Hemigrapsus Sanguineus; Mud Crab; Panopeus Herbstii (1)
- Melanins (1)
- Metoer radar; MLT wind observation; upper atmospheric tides; Hough mode (1)
- Mid-Atlantic ridge (1)
- OCEAN; CIRCULATION; CAVITY (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 30
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Does Presence Of A Mid-Ocean Ridge Enhance Biomass And Biodiversity?, Ig Priede, Oa Bergstad, Pi Miller, M Vecchione, A Gebruk, Et Al, Tt Sutton
Does Presence Of A Mid-Ocean Ridge Enhance Biomass And Biodiversity?, Ig Priede, Oa Bergstad, Pi Miller, M Vecchione, A Gebruk, Et Al, Tt Sutton
VIMS Articles
In contrast to generally sparse biological communities in open-ocean settings, seamounts and ridges are perceived as areas of elevated productivity and biodiversity capable of supporting commercial fisheries. We investigated the origin of this apparent biological enhancement over a segment of the North Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) using sonar, corers, trawls, traps, and a remotely operated vehicle to survey habitat, biomass, and biodiversity. Satellite remote sensing provided information on flow patterns, thermal fronts, and primary production, while sediment traps measured export flux during 2007-2010. The MAR, 3,704,404 km 2 in area, accounts for 44.7% lower bathyal habitat (800-3500 m depth) in the …
Ecosystem Effects Of Shell Aggregations And Cycling In Coastal Waters: An Example Of Chesapeake Bay Oyster Reefs, G G. Waldbusser, E N. Powell, Roger L. Mann
Ecosystem Effects Of Shell Aggregations And Cycling In Coastal Waters: An Example Of Chesapeake Bay Oyster Reefs, G G. Waldbusser, E N. Powell, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
Disease, overharvesting, and pollution have impaired the role of bivalves on coastal ecosystems, some to the point of functional extinction. An underappreciated function of many bivalves in these systems is shell formation. The ecological significance of bivalve shell has been recognized; geochemical effects are now more clearly being understood. A positive feedback exists between shell aggregations and healthy bivalve populations in temperate estuaries, thus linking population dynamics to shell budgets and alkalinity cycling. On oysterreefs a balanced shell budget requires healthy long-lived bivalves to maximize shell input permortality event thereby countering shell loss. Active and dense populations of filter-feeding bivalves …
Temporal Shifts In Top-Down Vs. Bottom-Up Control Of Epiphytic Algae In A Seagrass Ecosystem, Ma Whalen, Je Duffy, Jb Grace
Temporal Shifts In Top-Down Vs. Bottom-Up Control Of Epiphytic Algae In A Seagrass Ecosystem, Ma Whalen, Je Duffy, Jb Grace
VIMS Articles
In coastal marine food webs, small invertebrate herbivores (mesograzers) have long been hypothesized to occupy an important position facilitating dominance of habitat-forming macrophytes by grazing competitively superior epiphytic algae. Because of the difficulty of manipulating mesograzers in the field, however, their impacts on community organization have rarely been rigorously documented. Understanding mesograzer impacts has taken on increased urgency in seagrass systems due to declines in seagrasses globally, caused in part by widespread eutrophication favoring seagrass overgrowth by faster-growing algae. Using cage-free field experiments in two seasons (fall and summer), we present experimental confirmation that mesograzer reduction and nutrients can promote …
Multiple Predator Species Alter Prey Behavior, Population Growth, And A Trophic Cascade In A Model Estuarine Food Web, Pl Reynolds, Jf Bruno
Multiple Predator Species Alter Prey Behavior, Population Growth, And A Trophic Cascade In A Model Estuarine Food Web, Pl Reynolds, Jf Bruno
VIMS Articles
Predators can influence prey population dynamics by affecting prey behaviors with strong fitness consequences, with cascading effects on lower trophic levels. Here, we demonstrate that multiple predator species can nonconsumptively influence prey population growth and the strength of a trophic cascade in a model marine community. We exposed the herbivorous amphipod Ampithoe longimana to olfactory and visual cues from three common predators (pinfish, mud crabs, brown shrimp) singly and together in a multiple-predator assemblage to quantify the nonconsumptive effects (NCEs) of predator identity and the presence of multiple predators on prey population and community-level metrics. The presence of predator cues, …
Decline And Local Extinction Of Caribbean Eusocial Shrimp, J. Emmett Duffy, Kenneth S. Macdonald, Kristin M. Hultgren, Tin Chi Solomon Chak, Dustin Rubenstein
Decline And Local Extinction Of Caribbean Eusocial Shrimp, J. Emmett Duffy, Kenneth S. Macdonald, Kristin M. Hultgren, Tin Chi Solomon Chak, Dustin Rubenstein
VIMS Articles
The tropical shrimp genus Synalpheus includes the only eusocial marine animals. In much of the Caribbean, eusocial species have dominated the diverse fauna of sponge-dwelling shrimp in coral rubble for at least the past two decades. Here we document a recent, dramatic decline and apparent local extinction of eusocial shrimp species on the Belize Barrier Reef. Our collections from shallow reefs in central Belize in 2012 failed to locate three of the four eusocial species formerly abundant in the area, and showed steep declines in colony size and increases in frequency of queenless colonies prior to their disappearance. Concordant with …
Fish Species Distribution In Seagrass Habitats Of Chesapeake Bay Are Structured By Abiotic And Biotic Factors, Jason J. Schaffler, Jacques Van Montfrans, Cynthia M. Jones, R J. Orth
Fish Species Distribution In Seagrass Habitats Of Chesapeake Bay Are Structured By Abiotic And Biotic Factors, Jason J. Schaffler, Jacques Van Montfrans, Cynthia M. Jones, R J. Orth
VIMS Articles
Seagrass habitats have long been known to serve as nursery habitats for juvenile fish by providing refuges from predation and areas of high forage abundance. However, comparatively less is known about other factors structuring fish communities that make extensive use of seagrass as nursery habitat. We examined both physical and biological factors that may structure the juvenile seagrass-associated fish communities across a synoptic-scale multiyear study in lower Chesapeake Bay. Across 3years of sampling, we collected 21,153 fish from 31 species. Silver Perch Bairdiella chrysoura made up over 86% of all individuals collected. Nine additional species made up at least 1% …
Compensatory Growth Of The Sandbar Shark In The Western North Atlantic Including The Gulf Of Mexico, J. G. Romine, John A. Musick, R. A. Johnson
Compensatory Growth Of The Sandbar Shark In The Western North Atlantic Including The Gulf Of Mexico, J. G. Romine, John A. Musick, R. A. Johnson
VIMS Articles
The number of Sandbar Sharks Carcharhinus plumbeus in the western North Atlantic Ocean has experienced a drastic decline since the early 1980s, reaching a minimum during the early 1990s. Catch rates in the early 1990s were a mere 25% of those during the 1980s. According to several fishery-independent surveys, the low point in Sandbar Shark abundance followed a period of high exploitation. Growth models fit to age-length data collected from 1980 to 1983 and from 2001 to 2004 were compared to investigate potential changes in parameter estimates that might reveal compensatory responses in the Sandbar Shark population. Statistical differences were …
Photochemical And Microbial Alteration Of Dissolved Organic Matter In Temperate Headwater Streams Associated With Different Land Use, Yuehan Lu, James E. Bauer, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Youhei Yamashita, Randy Chambers, Rudolf Jaffe
Photochemical And Microbial Alteration Of Dissolved Organic Matter In Temperate Headwater Streams Associated With Different Land Use, Yuehan Lu, James E. Bauer, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Youhei Yamashita, Randy Chambers, Rudolf Jaffe
VIMS Articles
Photochemical and microbial transformations of DOM were evaluated in headwater streams draining forested and human-modified lands (pasture, cropland, and urban development) by laboratory incubations. Changes in DOC concentrations, DOC isotopic signatures, and DOM fluorescence properties were measured to assess the amounts, sources, ages, and properties of reactive and refractory DOM under the influence of photochemistry and/or bacteria. DOC in streams draining forest-dominated watersheds was more photoreactive than in streams draining mostly human-modified watersheds, possibly due to greater contributions of terrestrial plant-derived DOC and lower amounts of prior light exposure in forested streams. Overall, the percentage of photoreactive DOC in stream …
Effects Of Seasonal Hypoxia On Macrobenthic Production And Function In The Rappahannock River, Virginia, Usa, Sk Sturdivant, Rochelle D. Seitz, R. J. Diaz
Effects Of Seasonal Hypoxia On Macrobenthic Production And Function In The Rappahannock River, Virginia, Usa, Sk Sturdivant, Rochelle D. Seitz, R. J. Diaz
VIMS Articles
Since colonial times, anthropogenic effects have eroded Chesapeake Bay’s health, resulting in an increase in the extent and severity of hypoxia (≤ 2 mg O2 l-1), adversely affecting community structure and secondary production of macrobenthos in the Bay and its tributaries. The influence of hypoxia on macrobenthic communities is well documented, but less well known is the regulatory effect of hypoxia on macrobenthic production. Changes in macrobenthic production were assessed in the lower Rappahannock River, a sub-estuary of Chesapeake Bay, in an area known to experience seasonal hypoxia. During the spring, summer, fall, and following spring of …
Internal Versus External Drivers Of Periodic Hypoxia In A Coastal Plain Tributary Estuary: The York River, Virginia, Sj Lake, Mark Brush, Iris C. Anderson, Hi Kator
Internal Versus External Drivers Of Periodic Hypoxia In A Coastal Plain Tributary Estuary: The York River, Virginia, Sj Lake, Mark Brush, Iris C. Anderson, Hi Kator
VIMS Articles
The formation of periodic hypoxia within tributary estuaries, and its relationship to the spring-neap tidal cycle, has been well documented in several systems along the US east coast. However, the importance and scale of other physical and biological processes, which ultimately control the frequency and spatial extent of hypoxia, are less well understood. This study synthesized in situ measurements, metabolic incubations, and high-resolution water quality monitoring into a spatially explicit, temporally integrated mass balance to examine the significance of multiple organic matter sources and oxygen sinks in relation to hypoxia in the York River estuary (YRE), Virginia, USA. Results highlight …
Seed Burial In Eelgrass Zostera Marina: The Role Of Infauna, Nj Blackburn, R J. Orth
Seed Burial In Eelgrass Zostera Marina: The Role Of Infauna, Nj Blackburn, R J. Orth
VIMS Articles
Seed burial is a vital process that influences small- and large-scale plant population patterns and is frequently mediated by soil-dwelling invertebrates. Despite its importance in terrestrial systems, very little is known about seed burial in seagrasses. The goal of this work was to determine the role that benthic infauna play in the burial of Zostera marina seeds. Mesocosm experiments studying seed burial depth, seed burial rate, and particle burial and redistribution using beads, were conducted in defaunated sediment cores populated with single specimens of infauna with different modes of feeding and thus bioturbation effects: Amphitrite ornata (downward conveyor deposit feeder), …
Modeling The Effect Of Hypoxia On Macrobenthos Production In The Lower Rappahannock River, Chesapeake Bay, Usa, Samuel Kersey Sturdivant, Mark Brush, Robert J. Diaz
Modeling The Effect Of Hypoxia On Macrobenthos Production In The Lower Rappahannock River, Chesapeake Bay, Usa, Samuel Kersey Sturdivant, Mark Brush, Robert J. Diaz
VIMS Articles
Hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay has substantially increased in recent decades, with detrimental effects on macrobenthic production; the production of these fauna link energy transfer from primary consumers to epibenthic and demersal predators. As such, the development of accurate predictive models that determine the impact of hypoxia on macrobenthic production is important. A continuous-time, biomass-based model was developed for the lower Rappahannock River, a Bay tributary prone to seasonal hypoxia. Phytoplankton, zooplankton, and macrobenthic state variables were modeled, with a focus on quantitatively constraining the effect of hypoxia on macrobenthic biomass. This was accomplished through regression with Z': a sigmoidal function …
Indication Of Density-Dependent Changes In Growth And Maturity Of The Barndoor Skate On Georges Bank, Karson Coutre, Todd Gedamke, David Rudders, William B. Driggers Iii, David M. Koester, James A. Sulikowski
Indication Of Density-Dependent Changes In Growth And Maturity Of The Barndoor Skate On Georges Bank, Karson Coutre, Todd Gedamke, David Rudders, William B. Driggers Iii, David M. Koester, James A. Sulikowski
VIMS Articles
Drastic increases or decreases in biomass often result in density-dependent changes in life history characteristics within a fish population. Acknowledging this phenomenon and in light of the recent biomass increase in Barndoor Skate Dipturus laevis, the current study re-evaluated the growth rate and sexual maturity of 244 specimens collected from 2009-2011within closed areas I and II on Georges Bank, USA. Ages were estimated using vertebral band counts from skate that ranged from 21 to 129cm TL. The von Bertalanffy growth function was applied to pooled age-at-length data. Parameter estimates from the current study of L = 155cm TL and k …
Tidal Wind Mapping From Observations Of A Meteor Radar Chain In December 2011, You Yu, Weixing Wan, Baiqi Ning, Libo Liu, Zhengui Wang, Lianhuan Hu, Zhipeng Ren
Tidal Wind Mapping From Observations Of A Meteor Radar Chain In December 2011, You Yu, Weixing Wan, Baiqi Ning, Libo Liu, Zhengui Wang, Lianhuan Hu, Zhipeng Ren
VIMS Articles
This article proposes a technique to map the tidal winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region from the observations of a four-station meteor radar chain located at middle- and low-latitudes along the 120 degrees E meridian in the Northern Hemisphere. A 1month dataset of the horizontal winds in the altitude range of 80-100km is observed during December 2011. We first decompose the tidal winds into mean, diurnal, semidiurnal, and terdiurnal components for each station. It is found that the diurnal/semidiurnal components dominate at the low-latitude/midlatitude stations. Their amplitudes increase at lower altitudes and then decrease at higher altitudes …
Fluid Driven By Tangential Velocity And Shear Stress: Mathematical Analysis, Numerical Experiment, And Implication To Surface Flow, H. S. Tang, L. Z. Zhang, J. P. -Y. Maa, H. Li, C.B. Jiang, R. Hussain
Fluid Driven By Tangential Velocity And Shear Stress: Mathematical Analysis, Numerical Experiment, And Implication To Surface Flow, H. S. Tang, L. Z. Zhang, J. P. -Y. Maa, H. Li, C.B. Jiang, R. Hussain
VIMS Articles
This paper investigates behaviors of flows driven by tangential velocity and shear stress on their boundaries such as solid walls and water surfaces. In a steady flow between two parallel plates with one of them in motion, analytic solutions are the same when a velocity and a shear stress boundary condition are applied on the moving plate. For an unsteady, impulsively started flow, however, analysis shows that solutions for velocity profiles as well as energy transferring and dissipation are different under the two boundary conditions. In an air-water flow, if either a velocity or a stress condition is imposed at …
Sperm Swimming Speeds In The Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin, 1791), Roger L. Mann, Mark Luckenbach
Sperm Swimming Speeds In The Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin, 1791), Roger L. Mann, Mark Luckenbach
VIMS Articles
Oysters, like the vast majority of sessile marine invertebrates, shed sperm and eggs into the water column where fertilization subsequently occurs. The fate of the gametes depends on their passive movements at various scales in a high-viscosity environment, the longevity of the sperm's ability to affect oriented movement, the rate of sperm movement toward the egg target, and the ability of sperm to effect fertilization. Oyster sperm swim in a helical pattern with a mean forward progression velocity of 0.057 +/- 0.010 mm/sec (SE; n = 25) with the 95 percentile range extending from 0.036-0.078 mm/sec, a value comparable with …
Microphytobenthos And Benthic Macroalgae Determine Sediment Organic Matter Composition In Shallow Photic Sediments, Ak Hardison, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Iris C. Anderson, C. R. Tobias, B. Veuger, M. N. Waters
Microphytobenthos And Benthic Macroalgae Determine Sediment Organic Matter Composition In Shallow Photic Sediments, Ak Hardison, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Iris C. Anderson, C. R. Tobias, B. Veuger, M. N. Waters
VIMS Articles
Microphytobenthos and benthic macroalgae play an important role in system metabolism within shallow coastal bays. However, their independent and interactive influences on sediment organic matter (SOM) are not well understood. We investigated the influence of macroalgae and microphytobenthos on SOM quantity and quality in an experimental mesocosm system using bulk and molecular level (total hydrolyzable amino acids, THAA; phospholipid linked fatty acids, PLFA; pigment) analyses. Our experiment used an incomplete factorial design made up of two factors, each with two levels: (1) light (ambient vs. dark) and (2) macroalgae (presence vs. absence of live macroalgae). Over the course of the …
Heritable Melanism And Parasitic Infection Both Result In Black-Spotted Mosquitofish, Lisa Horth, David Gauthier, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein
Heritable Melanism And Parasitic Infection Both Result In Black-Spotted Mosquitofish, Lisa Horth, David Gauthier, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein
VIMS Articles
Male Gambusia holbrooki (Eastern Mosquitofish) express a heritable pigmentation polymorphism: ≈99% of males are silver, and only ≈1% have a melanic, black-spotted pattern. Sex-linkage, an autosomal modifier, and temperature control the expression of this heritable melanism. In many teleosts, melanin also accumulates around the site of parasitic invasion. We have identified black-spot disease in wild mosquitofish from their native habitat. Here, we demonstrate convergence upon the black-pigmented phenotype through two means: 1) heritable melanism, and 2) melanic spotting on the silver genotype that results from infection with immature encysted trematodes. Females are silver and express greater avoidance ofmelanic males during …
Linking Dynamics Of Transport Timescale And Variations Of Hypoxia In The Chesapeake Bay, Bo Hong, Jian Shen
Linking Dynamics Of Transport Timescale And Variations Of Hypoxia In The Chesapeake Bay, Bo Hong, Jian Shen
VIMS Articles
Dissolved oxygen (DO) replenishment in the bottom waters of an estuary depends on physical processes that are significantly influenced by external forcings. The vertical exchange time (VET) is introduced in this study to quantify the physical processes that regulate the DO replenishment in the Chesapeake Bay. A 3-D numerical model was applied to simulate the circulation, VET, and DO. Results indicate that VET is a suitable parameter for evaluating the bottom DO condition over both seasonal and interannual timescales. The VET is negatively correlated with the bottom DO. Hypoxia (DO L-1) will develop in the Bay when VET is greater …
Extratropical Storm Inundation Testbed: Intermodel Comparisons In Scituate, Massachusetts, Changsheng Chen, Et Al., Harry V. Wang
Extratropical Storm Inundation Testbed: Intermodel Comparisons In Scituate, Massachusetts, Changsheng Chen, Et Al., Harry V. Wang
VIMS Articles
The Integrated Ocean Observing System Super-regional Coastal Modeling Testbed had one objective to evaluate the capabilities of three unstructured-grid fully current-wave coupled ocean models (ADCIRC/SWAN, FVCOM/SWAVE, SELFE/WWM) to simulate extratropical storm-induced inundation in the US northeast coastal region. Scituate Harbor (MA) was chosen as the extratropical storm testbed site, and model simulations were made for the 24-27 May 2005 and 17-20 April 2007 (Patriot's Day Storm) nor'easters. For the same unstructured mesh, meteorological forcing, and initial/boundary conditions, intermodel comparisons were made for tidal elevation, surface waves, sea surface elevation, coastal inundation, currents, and volume transport. All three models showed similar …
Combining Observations And Numerical Model Results To Improve Estimates Of Hypoxic Volume Within The Chesapeake Bay, Usa, A.J. Bever, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Carl T. Friedrichs, M. E. Scully, Lyon Lanerolle
Combining Observations And Numerical Model Results To Improve Estimates Of Hypoxic Volume Within The Chesapeake Bay, Usa, A.J. Bever, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Carl T. Friedrichs, M. E. Scully, Lyon Lanerolle
VIMS Articles
The overall size of the dead zone within the main stem of the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is quantified by the hypoxic volume (HV), the volume of water with dissolved oxygen (DO) less than 2 mg/L. To improve estimates of HV, DO was subsampled from the output of 3-D model hindcasts at times/locations matching the set of 2004-2005 stations monitored by the Chesapeake Bay Program. The resulting station profiles were interpolated to produce bay-wide estimates of HV in a manner consistent with nonsynoptic, cruise-based estimates. Interpolations of the same stations sampled synoptically, as well as multiple other combinations …
Longitudinal Variability Of Size-Fractionated N-2 Fixation And Don Release Rates Along 24.5 Degrees N In The Subtropical North Atlantic, Mar Benavides, Deborah A. Bronk, Nona S.R. Agawin, M. Dolores Perez-Hernandez, Alonso Hernandez-Guerra, Javier Aristegui
Longitudinal Variability Of Size-Fractionated N-2 Fixation And Don Release Rates Along 24.5 Degrees N In The Subtropical North Atlantic, Mar Benavides, Deborah A. Bronk, Nona S.R. Agawin, M. Dolores Perez-Hernandez, Alonso Hernandez-Guerra, Javier Aristegui
VIMS Articles
Dinitrogen (N-2) fixation and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) release rates were measured on fractionated samples (>10 mu m and m) along 24.5 degrees N in the subtropical North Atlantic. Net N-2 fixation rates (N-2 assimilation into biomass) ranged from 0.01 to 0.4 nmol N L-1 h(-1), and DON release rates ranged from 0.001 to 0.09 nmol N L-1 h(-1). DON release represented approximate to 14% and approximate to 23% of >10 mu m and (assimilation into biomass plus DON release), respectively. This implies that by overlooking DON release, N-2 fixation rates are underestimated. Net N-2 fixation rates were higher …
Return Of The Native: Historical Comparison Of Invasive And Indigenous Crab Populations Near The Mouth Of Delaware Bay, Cm Schab, Susan Park, La Waidner, Ce Epifanio
Return Of The Native: Historical Comparison Of Invasive And Indigenous Crab Populations Near The Mouth Of Delaware Bay, Cm Schab, Susan Park, La Waidner, Ce Epifanio
VIMS Articles
An invasive population of the Asian shore crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus was discovered in 1988 near the mouth of Delaware Bay, and populations now occur from North Carolina to Maine. The shore crab H. sanguineus competes with indigenous species and has displaced resident crabs throughout its invasive range. However, there have been few studies that document changes in populations of H. sanguineus after the species has become established. We compare sympatric populations of the Asian shore crab and a native mud crab (Panopeus herbstii) that were monitored initially in 2001 and again in 2011 and 2012. The historical study was conducted …
Nondaily Deposition Of Striae In The Bay Scallop Argopecten Irradians (Concentricus) In The Laboratory, P Hollyman, Mark Luckenbach, Ca Richardson
Nondaily Deposition Of Striae In The Bay Scallop Argopecten Irradians (Concentricus) In The Laboratory, P Hollyman, Mark Luckenbach, Ca Richardson
VIMS Articles
Small (similar to 15 mm) and large (similar to 30 mm) calcein-marked bay scallops, Argopecten irradians, held for 2, 4, and 6 wk in the laboratory under natural illumination and conditions of high and low flow rates deposited significantly more striae on the surface of the left (dark) shell valve compared with the right (light) shell valve. Small scallops deposited an average of 0.55 stria per day, 0.42 stria per day, and 0.34 stria per day, respectively, during the 2-, 4-, and 6-wk experiments, whereas large scallops had a lower frequency of stria formation (0.20 stria per day, 0.18 stria …
Molecular And Functional Ecology Of Aquatic Microbial Symbionts, Hans-Peter Grossart, Lasse Riemann, Kam W. Tang
Molecular And Functional Ecology Of Aquatic Microbial Symbionts, Hans-Peter Grossart, Lasse Riemann, Kam W. Tang
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
The Maredat Global Database Of High Performance Liquid Chromatography Marine Pigment Measurements, J. Peloquin, Walker O. Smith Jr.
The Maredat Global Database Of High Performance Liquid Chromatography Marine Pigment Measurements, J. Peloquin, Walker O. Smith Jr.
VIMS Articles
A global pigment database consisting of 35 634 pigment suites measured by high performance liquid chromatography was assembled in support of the MARine Ecosytem DATa (MAREDAT) initiative. These data originate from 136 field surveys within the global ocean, were solicited from investigators and databases, compiled, and then quality controlled. Nearly one quarter of the data originates from the Laboratoire d'Oceanographie de Villefranche (LOV), with an additional 17% and 19% stemming from the US JGOFS and LTER programs, respectively. The MAREDAT pigment database provides high quality measurements of the major taxonomic pigments including chlorophylls a and b, 19'-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin, 19'-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin, alloxanthin, divinyl …
Age-Specific Responses To Spring Temperature In A Migratory Songbird: Older Females Attempt More Broods In Warmer Springs, L. Bulluck, S. Huber, C. Viverette, C. Blem
Age-Specific Responses To Spring Temperature In A Migratory Songbird: Older Females Attempt More Broods In Warmer Springs, L. Bulluck, S. Huber, C. Viverette, C. Blem
VIMS Articles
Increasing global temperature has led to an interest in plasticity in the timing of annual events; however, little is known about the demographic consequences of changing phenology. Annual reproductive success varies significantly among individuals within a population, and some of that variation has to do with the number of broods attempted by reproducing adults. In birds, female age and the timing of reproduction are often predictors of multiple breeding. We hypothesize that double brooding rates may be affected by spring temperature and that the response may vary with female age. We used a long-term reproductive data set for a migratory …
Distribution And Sources Of Organic Matter In Surface Marine Sediments Across The North American Arctic Margin, Miguel A. Goni, Alison E. O'Connor, Zou Zou Kyzyk, Mark B. Yunker, Charles Gobeil, Robie W. Macdonald
Distribution And Sources Of Organic Matter In Surface Marine Sediments Across The North American Arctic Margin, Miguel A. Goni, Alison E. O'Connor, Zou Zou Kyzyk, Mark B. Yunker, Charles Gobeil, Robie W. Macdonald
VIMS Articles
As part of the International Polar Year research program, we conducted a survey of surface marine sediments from box cores along a section extending from the Bering Sea to Davis Strait via the Canadian Archipelago. We used bulk elemental and isotopic compositions, together with biomarkers and principal components analysis, to elucidate the distribution of marine and terrestrial organic matter in different regions of the North American Arctic margin. Marked regional contrasts were observed in organic carbon loadings, with the highest values (1 mg C m(-2) sediment) found in sites along Barrow Canyon and the Chukchi and Bering shelves, all of …
Comparative Visual Ecophysiology Of Mid-Atlantic Temperate Reef Fishes, Andrij Z. Horodysky, Richard Brill, Kendyl C. Crawford, Elizabeth S. Seagroves, Andrea K. Johnson
Comparative Visual Ecophysiology Of Mid-Atlantic Temperate Reef Fishes, Andrij Z. Horodysky, Richard Brill, Kendyl C. Crawford, Elizabeth S. Seagroves, Andrea K. Johnson
VIMS Articles
The absolute light sensitivities, temporal properties, and spectral sensitivities of the visual systems of three mid-Atlantic temperate reef fishes (Atlantic spadefish [Ephippidae: Chaetodipterus faber], tautog [Labridae: Tautoga onitis], and black sea bass [Serranidae: Centropristis striata]) were studied via electroretinography (ERG). Pelagic Atlantic spadefish exhibited higher temporal resolution but a narrower dynamic range than the two more demersal foragers. The higher luminous sensitivities of tautog and black sea bass were similar to other benthic and demersal coastal mid-Atlantic fishes. Flicker fusion frequency experiments revealed significant interspecific differences at maximum intensities that correlated with lifestyle and habitat. Spectral responses of the three …
Age, Growth, And Reproductive Biology Of Cownose Rays In Chesapeake Bay, Robert A. Fisher, Garrett C. Call, R. Dean Grubbs
Age, Growth, And Reproductive Biology Of Cownose Rays In Chesapeake Bay, Robert A. Fisher, Garrett C. Call, R. Dean Grubbs
VIMS Articles
The Cownose Ray Rhinoptera bonasus is an opportunistic predator of benthic invertebrates and has had a long history of negative interactions with commercial shellfish industries. Most recently, Cownose Rays have been implicated in negatively affecting the recovery of bay scallop Argopecten irradians stocks in North Carolina and oyster restoration and commercial aquaculture efforts in Chesapeake Bay. A mitigation attempt to decrease predation on shellfish has resulted in an unregulated fishery for Cownose Rays. Cownose Ray life history suggests that they are highly susceptible to overexploitation. We determined age, growth, and size at maturity for Cownose Rays collected in Chesapeake Bay. …