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- Fisheries Science Peer-Reviewed Articles (6)
- Biological Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (4)
- Aquatic Health Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (1)
- Bay Scallop; Aquaculture; Genetics; Mtdna Variation; Inbreeding (1)
- Biomechanics; dislodgment; drag; Littorina obtusata; natural selection; New England (1)
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- Catastrophic storm; hydrodynamic forces; Littorina obtusata; morphological variation (1)
- Coral-reef fishes; predation; recruitment; shelter scaling; spiny lobster (1)
- Crassostrea Virginica; Larvae; Settlement; Geotaxis (1)
- Eelgrass; marsh creeks; predation; selfish herd; tidal (1)
- Larval Settlement; Recruitment; Behavior; Substratum; Inducers (1)
- Physical Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (1)
- Post-Larval Mussel; Macoma-balthica L; Mytilus-fdulis-L; Wadden Sea; (1)
- Salt marsh; mineralization; immobilization; nitrogen cycling; nitrification/denitrification; DIN flux (1)
- Zebra Mussel; Blue Crab; Population Regulation; Predation (1)
Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Small-Scale Settlement Patterns Of The Oyster Crassostrea Virginica On A Constructed Intertidal Reef, Ik Bartol, Roger L. Mann
Small-Scale Settlement Patterns Of The Oyster Crassostrea Virginica On A Constructed Intertidal Reef, Ik Bartol, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
The construction of three-dimensional, intertidal reefs resembling those widely present during colonial times in the Chesapeake Bay, but now absent due to years of overharvesting, may provide a more ecologically advantageous environment for oyster settlement and subsequent survival than present subtidal, two-dimensional habitats. We examined settlement processes on a constructed, 210 x 30 m intertidal reef composed of oyster shell. The reef was destructively and non-destructively sampled weekly throughout the summer and fall at tidal heights ranging from 30 cm above to 90 cm below mean low water (MLW) and at two substrate levels (reef surface and 10 cm below …
The Postlarval Phase Of Bivalve Mollusks: A Review Of Functional Ecology And New Records Of Postlarval Drifting Of Chesapeake Bay Bivalves, P Baker, Roger L. Mann
The Postlarval Phase Of Bivalve Mollusks: A Review Of Functional Ecology And New Records Of Postlarval Drifting Of Chesapeake Bay Bivalves, P Baker, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
Many bivalve mollusks have one or more separate post-metamorphic stages which are functionally distinct from the late juvenile or the adult. The benthic plantigrade and the planktonic postlarva are defined and reviewed here. The plantigrade is a developmentally obligatory stage in mast bivalves. Various anatomical or conchological features, depending on taxa, are intermediate between the veliger and the juvenile. The plantigrade is benthic but highly mobile, via the foot and byssus, relative to the adult, although in some highly mobile bivalves, the plantigrade is functionally similar to the adult. The plantigrade may enter the water column briefly, but not nearly …
Bacterioplankton Growth Responses To Temperature And Chlorophyll Variations In Estuaries Measured By Thymidine:Leucine Incorporation Ratio, Fk Shiah, Hw Ducklow
Bacterioplankton Growth Responses To Temperature And Chlorophyll Variations In Estuaries Measured By Thymidine:Leucine Incorporation Ratio, Fk Shiah, Hw Ducklow
VIMS Articles
To identify the biochemical response of heterotrophic bacterioplankton to changing environmental conditions, seasonal and diel cycles of bacterial protein and DNA synthesis rates were estimated in temperate estuarine habitats from H-3-leucine (Leu) and H-3-thymidine (TdR) incorporation rates. Several short-term temperature manipulation experiments (5 to 35 degrees C) and 2 mesocosm experiments were performed to examine the effects of temperature and substrate supply on the ratio of Leu:TdR, respectively. The molar ratio of Leu to TdR varied about 5-fold (5.6 to 29.5) in the field and the values of the ratio were lower and more constant during high temperature (>25 …
Phenotypic Plasticity In The Foot Size Of An Intertidal Snail, Gc Trussell
Phenotypic Plasticity In The Foot Size Of An Intertidal Snail, Gc Trussell
VIMS Articles
The risk of dislodgment due to hydrodynamic forces on rocky intertidal shores is greater on wave-exposed than an protected shores, and this:is believed to represent an important selective force in intertidal communities. For intertidal snails, the probability of dislodgment by a given flow is determined, in part, by shell size and shape, and by the attachment strength of the foot. This study addressed two questions. First, do habitat-specific differences in traits that reduce the risk of dislodgment of an intertidal snail(Littorina obtusata) parallel differences in wave energies? To address this question, I measured variation in (1) shell size (defined as …
Phenotypic Selection In An Intertidal Snail: Effects Of A Catastrophic Storm, G. Trussell
Phenotypic Selection In An Intertidal Snail: Effects Of A Catastrophic Storm, G. Trussell
VIMS Articles
Littorina obtusata exhibits clear morphological variation (e.g. shell height, shell length, and aperture area) among shores differentially exposed to wave energies. Selection imposed by the hydrodynamic environment is often invoked to explain the correlation between morphology and wave exposure in intertidal organisms, but rarely is this hypothesis tested. I examined the effects of a catastrophic storm on the shell length and relative shell height and aperture area of L. obtusata populations on 2 protected and 1 wave-exposed share in New England (USA) to test this hypothesis. Snails sampled after the storm had relatively squatter shells than those sampled before the …
Sensitivity Of Bottom Stress And Bottom Roughness Estimates To Density Stratification, Eckernforde Bay, Southern Baltic Sea, Carl T. Friedrichs, Ld Wright
Sensitivity Of Bottom Stress And Bottom Roughness Estimates To Density Stratification, Eckernforde Bay, Southern Baltic Sea, Carl T. Friedrichs, Ld Wright
VIMS Articles
Thermohaline density stratification may significantly alter the classic near-bottom logarithmic velocity profile in many weak to moderately energetic, partially mixed estuaries. Results from Eckernforde Bay suggest fits to log profiles which neglect thermohaline stratification may lead to overestimates of bottom stress and roughness of the order of 130 % and 600 %, respectively. Measurements of velocity obtained at four heights within 1 m of the seabed are input to theoretical models for velocity shear derived via dimensional arguments for the ''overlap'' layer. Previous investigators applying dimensional arguments to thermohaline stratification in estuaries have assumed buoyancy flux to be independent of …
Predator And Shelter-Size Effects On Coral Reef Fish And Spiny Lobster Prey, Db Eggleston, Rom Lipcius, Jj Grover
Predator And Shelter-Size Effects On Coral Reef Fish And Spiny Lobster Prey, Db Eggleston, Rom Lipcius, Jj Grover
VIMS Articles
Population dynamics of coral reef fishes and spiny lobster appear to be determined by variable recruitment interacting with post-settlement processes, particularly predation. The risk of predation may be modified by the scaling between prey and shelter size, which enhances the protective capacity of a reef. We experimentally tested these predictions by manipulating densities of predatory Nassau grouper Epinephelus striatus on 8 artificial patch reefs of 2 sizes (small, large) in a large seagrass bed near Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas. We initially censused patch reefs for 7 mo, after which we randomly selected equivalent numbers of small and large reefs to …
Cannibalism, Refugia And The Molting Blue Crab, Ch Ryer, J Vanmontfrans, Ke Moody
Cannibalism, Refugia And The Molting Blue Crab, Ch Ryer, J Vanmontfrans, Ke Moody
VIMS Articles
In this study, we examined how habitat and tidal stage influence predation upon molting blue crabs Callinectes sapidus. On 3 separate occasions we monitored the survival of tethered soft crabs in each of 2 different-sized marsh creeks and 2 seagrass sites, during both low and high tides. On one of these occasions, we also tethered hard crabs. Survival was much lower for soft crabs than for hard crabs, indicating that crabs may be particularly vulnerable when they molt. In both seagrass and marsh creeks, there was a tidal influence upon soft crab survival, with greater survival during low tides. There …
Settlement Site Selection By Oyster Larvae, Crassostrea Virginica: Evidence For Geotaxis, Patrick Baker
Settlement Site Selection By Oyster Larvae, Crassostrea Virginica: Evidence For Geotaxis, Patrick Baker
VIMS Articles
Settlement of larval oysters, Crassostrea virginica, with respect to upper and lower surfaces of natural substrates, was studied in the field and in the laboratory. Enclosures were used to retain pediveligers of Crassostrea under controlled field conditions: until they settled. About 62% of these larvae settled onto rough (outer) surfaces of natural oyster shell substrate; this closely marched the proportion of substrate oriented with the rough surface downward. In the laboratory, about 83% of larvae settled onto the lower surfaces of similar shell substrates, in the absence of light, regardless of how the shell substrate was positioned. Both field and …
Potential For Population Regulation Of The Zebra Mussel By Finfish And The Blue Crab In North American Estuaries, Larry C. Boles, Rom Lipcius
Potential For Population Regulation Of The Zebra Mussel By Finfish And The Blue Crab In North American Estuaries, Larry C. Boles, Rom Lipcius
VIMS Articles
We conducted a series of descriptive and manipulative experiments aimed at quantifying the abundance, natural mortality, and effectiveness of predators in controlling the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, in the Hudson River Estuary. First, we measured distribution, abundance, and mortality rates of a zebra mussel population in the middle portion of the Hudson River Estuary, NY. Rocks were collected along a depth gradient in the field and sampled for the density and size structure of the resident mussels over the growth season. Next, we either allowed access (controls) or denied access (predator exclusion) to predators in field experiments with rocks harboring …
Development Of A Process-Based Nitrogen Mass Balance Model For A Virginia (Usa) Spartina Alterniflora Salt Marsh: Implications For Net Din Flux, Iris C. Anderson, Cr Tobias, Bb Neikirk, Rl Wetzel
Development Of A Process-Based Nitrogen Mass Balance Model For A Virginia (Usa) Spartina Alterniflora Salt Marsh: Implications For Net Din Flux, Iris C. Anderson, Cr Tobias, Bb Neikirk, Rl Wetzel
VIMS Articles
Primary production is nitrogen limited in most salt marshes with the possible exception of those impacted by high anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen. It is hypothesized that mature salt marshes which receive only small inputs of 'new' nitrogen from the atmosphere, surface water runoff, groundwater, tidal creek, and nitrogen-fixation will have a conservative nitrogen cycle. We have developed a process-based N mass balance model for a short-term Spartina alterniflora marsh in Virginia, USA. Data for the model included rates of gross mineralization, nitrification, denitrification, nitrogen fixation, above- and belowground macrophyte production, and benthic microalgal production. The annual balance between sources (mineralization, …
Genetic Divergence And Loss Of Diversity In Two Cultured Populations Of The Bay Scallop, Argopecten Irradians (Lamarck, 1819), Sandra G. Blake, Norman J. Blake, Michael Oesterling, John Graves
Genetic Divergence And Loss Of Diversity In Two Cultured Populations Of The Bay Scallop, Argopecten Irradians (Lamarck, 1819), Sandra G. Blake, Norman J. Blake, Michael Oesterling, John Graves
VIMS Articles
Researchers at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) have been maintaining a small-scale bay scallop (Argopecten irradians) culturing operation since the late 1960s. The cultured Line was originally established with broodstock collected from the coasts of Virginia and North Carolina, but it has since been augmented with a ''grab bag'' of introductions from other source populations. A large bay scallop-culturing operation was reportedly founded in China in the early 1980s, with 26 individuals provided by the VIMS researchers. The degree of genetic divergence between these two populations since the founding of the Chinese operation is unknown, as are the …