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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein Defect Links Impaired Antiviral Response And Liver Injury In Steatohepatitis In Mice, Timea Csak, Angela Dolganiuc, Karen Kodys, Bharath Nath, Jan Petrasek, Shashi Bala, Dora Lippai, Gyongyi Szabo
Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein Defect Links Impaired Antiviral Response And Liver Injury In Steatohepatitis In Mice, Timea Csak, Angela Dolganiuc, Karen Kodys, Bharath Nath, Jan Petrasek, Shashi Bala, Dora Lippai, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a pathogenic feature of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH complicates hepatotropic viral disease. The mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) is the adapter of helicase receptors involved in sensing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). We hypothesized that impaired MAVS function may contribute to insufficient antiviral response and liver damage in steatohepatitis. We identified reduced MAVS protein levels and increased MAVS association with the proteasome subunit alpha type 7 (PSMA7) in livers from mice given a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet. Decreased association of MAVS with mitochondria and increased cytosolic cytochrome c indicated mitochondrial damage in steatohepatitis. In vivo administration of the synthetic dsRNA …
Inhibition Of Tlr8- And Tlr4-Induced Type I Ifn Induction By Alcohol Is Different From Its Effects On Inflammatory Cytokine Production In Monocytes, Maoyin Pang, Shashi Bala, Karen Kodys, Donna Catalano, Gyongyi Szabo
Inhibition Of Tlr8- And Tlr4-Induced Type I Ifn Induction By Alcohol Is Different From Its Effects On Inflammatory Cytokine Production In Monocytes, Maoyin Pang, Shashi Bala, Karen Kodys, Donna Catalano, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
BACKGROUND: Prolonged alcohol consumption is a significant co-factor in the progression of chronic viral infections including hepatitis C and HIV, which are both single-stranded RNA viruses. Toll like receptor 8 (TLR8), a pattern recognition receptor expressed in monocytes, senses viral single stranded RNA as a danger signal and leads to the induction of Type I interferon (IFN) as well as the pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) ligand, was shown to affect inflammatory cell activation after alcohol consumption and in HIV and HCV infections. Here we hypothesized that alcohol exposure …
Myxoma Virus Induces Type I Interferon Production In Murine Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Via A Tlr9/Myd88-, Irf5/Irf7-, And Ifnar-Dependent Pathway, Peihong Dai, Hua Cao, Taha Merghoub, Francesca Avogadri, Weiyi Wang, Tanvi Parikh, Chee-Mun Fang, Paula M. Pitha, Katherine A. Fitzgerald, Masmudur M. Rahman, Grant Mcfadden, Xiaoyu Hu, Alan N. Houghton, Stewart Shuman, Liang Deng
Myxoma Virus Induces Type I Interferon Production In Murine Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Via A Tlr9/Myd88-, Irf5/Irf7-, And Ifnar-Dependent Pathway, Peihong Dai, Hua Cao, Taha Merghoub, Francesca Avogadri, Weiyi Wang, Tanvi Parikh, Chee-Mun Fang, Paula M. Pitha, Katherine A. Fitzgerald, Masmudur M. Rahman, Grant Mcfadden, Xiaoyu Hu, Alan N. Houghton, Stewart Shuman, Liang Deng
Katherine A. Fitzgerald
Poxviruses are large DNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm of infected cells. Myxoma virus is a rabbit poxvirus that belongs to the Leporipoxvirus genus. It causes a lethal disease called myxomatosis in European rabbits but cannot sustain any detectable infection in nonlagomorphs. Vaccinia virus is a prototypal orthopoxvirus that was used as a vaccine to eradicate smallpox. Myxoma virus is nonpathogenic in mice, whereas systemic infection with vaccinia virus can be lethal even in immunocompetent mice. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are potent type I interferon (IFN)-producing cells that play important roles in antiviral innate immunity. How poxviruses are sensed …