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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Rilpivirine-Associated Aggregation-Induced Emission Enables Cell-Based Nanoparticle Tracking, Insiya Mukadam
Rilpivirine-Associated Aggregation-Induced Emission Enables Cell-Based Nanoparticle Tracking, Insiya Mukadam
Theses & Dissertations
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved the quality and duration of life for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, limitations in drug efficacy, the emergence of viral mutations and the paucity of cell-tissue targeting remain. We posit that to maximize ART potency and therapeutic outcomes newer drug formulations that reach HIV cellular reservoirs need to be created. In a step towards achieving this goal we discovered the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) property of the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor Rilpivirine (RPV) and used it as a platform for drug cell and subcellular tracking. RPV nanocrystals were created with endogenous AIE …
Mechanisms By Which Mnte-2-Pyp Suppresses Prostate Cancer Cell Growth, Yuxiang Zhu
Mechanisms By Which Mnte-2-Pyp Suppresses Prostate Cancer Cell Growth, Yuxiang Zhu
Theses & Dissertations
Prostate cancer patients are often treated with radiotherapy. MnTE-2-PyP, is a superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimic and a known radioprotector of normal tissues. Our recent work demonstrates that MnTE-2-PyP also inhibits prostate cancer progression with radiotherapy; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. In this thesis, we identified that MnTE-2-PyP-induced intracellular H2O2 levels are critical in inhibiting growth of prostate cancer cells. We found that MnTE-2-PyP induced protein oxidations in PC3 cells and one major group of oxidized protein targets were involved in energy metabolism. The oxidative phosphorylation rates were significantly enhanced in both PC3 and LNCaP cells with MnTE-2-PyP treatment, but mitochondrial …
Multistrain Hiv-1 Elimination: A Crispr-Cas9 And Theranostics-Based Approach, Jonathan Herskovitz
Multistrain Hiv-1 Elimination: A Crispr-Cas9 And Theranostics-Based Approach, Jonathan Herskovitz
Theses & Dissertations
A critical barrier to achieving a functional cure for infection by human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1) rests in the presence of latent proviral DNA integrated in the nuclei of host CD4+ T cells and mononuclear phagocytes. Accordingly, HIV-1-infected patients must adhere to lifelong regimens of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to prevent viral rebound, CD4+ T cell decline, and progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Gene editing using clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9 technology stands as one means to inactivate integrated proviral DNA. We devised a mosaic gRNA CRISPR-Cas9 system- TatDE- that targets viral transcriptional regulator genes tat / …
Genomic And Transcriptomic Alterations In Metabolic Regulators And Implications For Anti-Tumoral Immune Response, Ryan J. King
Genomic And Transcriptomic Alterations In Metabolic Regulators And Implications For Anti-Tumoral Immune Response, Ryan J. King
Theses & Dissertations
Metabolic and immune alterations are ubiquitous hallmarks of cancer that are established during the foundational mutations and are further selected upon to generate highly aggressive tumors. Recent evidence suggests that cancer cells employ an altered metabolism to induce immune evasion. To further discover the relationship between metabolism and immunity in cancer, this thesis aimed to discover potential candidates of interest by first examining the mucin family for differences, as they exert a wide range of activities in cancer, including altered metabolism and immune alterations. Unique differences lead to further profiling in pancreatic and esophageal cancer. In pancreatic cancer, CD73 was …
Next Generation Aryl Hydantoins As Antischistosomal Agents, Derek A. Leas
Next Generation Aryl Hydantoins As Antischistosomal Agents, Derek A. Leas
Theses & Dissertations
Schistosomiasis, also known as “snail fever,” is both an acute and chronic disease spread by trematode flukes from the tropical parasitic worm genus Schistosoma. The flukes are spread via diseased freshwater snails, which release the parasites into the water column where they find a new human host. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 99 million people were treated for schistosomiasis in 2017. The primary treatment used to combat schistosomiasis is the drug praziquantel (PZQ), but due to high drug pressure and widespread administration, its effectiveness has eroded because of rising drug resistance. Furthermore, PZQ is active against adult but …
Fundamental Differences In The B Cell Locus, V(D)J Repertoire, And Marburg Virus Epitope Recognition Of The Egyptian Rousette Bat That May Allow For Asymptomatic Presentation, Maggie Linn Bartlett
Fundamental Differences In The B Cell Locus, V(D)J Repertoire, And Marburg Virus Epitope Recognition Of The Egyptian Rousette Bat That May Allow For Asymptomatic Presentation, Maggie Linn Bartlett
Theses & Dissertations
Marburg virus (MARV) causes a hemorrhagic fever in humans but is asymptomatic in a known reservoir, the Egyptian rousette bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus, ERB). Understanding the mechanisms that drive these different outcomes could potentially advance the development of therapeutics. The immunoglobulin (Ig) response to MARV infection in ERBs in known to serve a roll in protection. The Ig germline encodes Variable (VH), Diversity (DH), and Joining (JH) genes that then recombine (V(D)J) to make up the binding site of an Ig. Understanding the gene composition of the Ig germline is critical to defining the potential B cell repertoire. We …
Flavonoid And Cannabidiol Neural Glyoxalase Pathway Enhancement Against Aging And Alzheimer’S Disease, Joel R. Frandsen
Flavonoid And Cannabidiol Neural Glyoxalase Pathway Enhancement Against Aging And Alzheimer’S Disease, Joel R. Frandsen
Theses & Dissertations
Alzheimer’s Disease is a neurodegenerative condition featuring neural cell death and a decline in cognitive capacity caused by elevated inflammation and production of reactive oxygen species. The glyoxalase pathway is an endogenous antioxidant system that neutralizes reactive methylglyoxal through sequential reactions. Dysfunction of the glyoxalase pathway contributes to oxidative stress and the accumulation of inflammatory metabolic byproducts. Plant-produced compounds with antioxidant activity can enhance endogenous antioxidant pathways and protect cells from elevated ROS production. We hypothesize that flavonoids and limited Cannabis Sativa-produced cannabidiol can enhance glyoxalase pathway function through regulation of antioxidant and pro-apoptotic signaling pathways to prevent methylglyoxal-mediated …