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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Delaying Bud Break In ‘Edelweiss’ Grapevines To Avoid Spring Frost Injury By Naa And Vegetable Oil Applications, Issam M. Qrunfleh
Delaying Bud Break In ‘Edelweiss’ Grapevines To Avoid Spring Frost Injury By Naa And Vegetable Oil Applications, Issam M. Qrunfleh
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Delaying bud break is an approach to avoid spring frost damage. Field experiments were conducted during the winters of 2009 and 2010 at James Arthur Vineyards in Raymond, Nebraska to study the effect of spraying NAA and Amigo Oil on delaying bud break in ‘Edelweiss’ grapevines to avoid such damage. In 2009, the experiment consisted of five treatments: NAA (500, 750, and 1000 mg/l), oil applied at 10%, and the non-sprayed control. There were four application dates: January 6, February 3, March 3, and April 1. Bud break was evaluated throughout spring. During harvest, the number of clusters and weights …
Micropropagation And Acclimatization Of 'Norton' Grapevine (Vitis Aestivalis), Brant B. Bigger
Micropropagation And Acclimatization Of 'Norton' Grapevine (Vitis Aestivalis), Brant B. Bigger
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Propagation of the Vitis aestivalis cultivar 'Norton‘ (syn='Cynthiana‘) through traditional woody cuttings has been difficult. Rooting of woody cuttings has been a major hindrance in propagating this cultivar and providing enough plants to meet grower needs. In vitro propagation offers another method of increasing plant material. Cultures were established and maintained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4 M 6-benzyladenine (BA) and thiamine at 0.5 mg•L-1 and solidified with Difco-Bacto agar at 7.5 g•L-1. The objectives of this study were to determine optimal methods for in vitro production and ex vitro establishment of 'Norton‘ plantlets. …
Nebline, Nov./Dec. 2010
NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County
Feature: Garbology 4-H School Enrichment
Farm Views
Horticulture
Food & Fitness
Home & Family Living
Environmental Focus
Urban Agriculture
4-H & Youth
Community Focus
Extension Calendar
Nutrition Education Program
Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs
and other extension news and events
Nebline, October 2010
NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County
Feature: 4-H Can Help Youth Choose a Career Path
Farm Views
Horticulture
Food & Fitness
Home & Family Living
Environmental Focus
Urban Agriculture
4-H & Youth
Community Focus
Extension Calendar
Nutrition Education Program
Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs
and other extension news and events
Nebline, September 2010
NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County
Feature: Wildlife Rescue Team Helps Orphaned and Injured Wildlife
Farm Views
Horticulture
Food & Fitness
Home & Family Living
Environmental Focus
Urban Agriculture
4-H & Youth
Community Focus
Extension Calendar
Nutrition Education Program
Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs
and other extension news and events
Nebline, August 2010
NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County
Feature: Youth Develop Life Skills at Hands-On Clover College
Farm Views
Horticulture
Food & Fitness
Home & Family Living
Environmental Focus
Urban Agriculture
4-H & Youth
Community Focus
Extension Calendar
Nutrition Education Program
Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs
and other extension news and events
Lancaster County Super Fair Schedule & Map Special Pullout Section
Nebline, July 2010
NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County
Feature: See, Learn, Explore Spring Creek Prairie
Farm Views
Horticulture
Food & Fitness
Home & Family Living
Environmental Focus
Urban Agriculture
4-H & Youth
Community Focus
Extension Calendar
Nutrition Education Program
Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs
and other extension news and events
Following Tetraploidy In Maize, A Short Deletion Mechanism Removed Genes Preferentially From One Of The Two Homeologs, Margaret R. Woodhouse, James C. Schnable, Brent S. Pedersen, Eric Lyons, Damon Lisch, Shabarinath Subramaniam, Michael Freeling
Following Tetraploidy In Maize, A Short Deletion Mechanism Removed Genes Preferentially From One Of The Two Homeologs, Margaret R. Woodhouse, James C. Schnable, Brent S. Pedersen, Eric Lyons, Damon Lisch, Shabarinath Subramaniam, Michael Freeling
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Previous work in Arabidopsis showed that after an ancient tetraploidy event, genes were preferentially removed from one of the two homeologs, a process known as fractionation. The mechanism of fractionation is unknown. We sought to determine whether such preferential, or biased, fractionation exists in maize and, if so, whether a specific mechanism could be implicated in this process. We studied the process of fractionation using two recently sequenced grass species: sorghum and maize. The maize lineage has experienced a tetraploidy since its divergence from sorghum approximately 12 million years ago, and fragments of many knocked-out genes retain enough sequence similarity …
Nebline, June 2010
NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County
Feature: 12 Reasons for Visiting a Farmers' Market
Farm Views
Horticulture
Food & Fitness
Home & Family Living
Environmental Focus
Urban Agriculture
4-H & Youth
Community Focus
Extension Calendar
Nutrition Education Program
Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs
and other extension news and events
Good Agricultural Practices For Food Safety Of Fresh Produce, Laurie Hodges
Good Agricultural Practices For Food Safety Of Fresh Produce, Laurie Hodges
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
What are the guiding principles of food safety for fresh produce?
• Once contaminated, removing or killing pathogens on produce is very difficult.
• Preventing microbial contamination at all steps, from production to distribution, is strongly favored over treatments to eliminate contamination that may have occurred.
• Document the implementation of prevention programs, and educate workers at all levels of the agricultural and packing environments on food safety.
Key Signatures of a Credible Food Safety Program
The following is a condensed checklist of practices and conditions that reduce the potential for fresh produce to be exposed to pathogenic microbes. Review …
Nebline, May 2010
NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County
Feature: Groundwater, a Vital Nebraska Resource
Farm Views
Horticulture
Food & Fitness
Home & Family Living
Environmental Focus
Urban Agriculture
4-H & Youth
Community Focus
Extension Calendar
Nutrition Education Program
Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs
and other extension news and events
Nebline, April 2010
NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County
Feature: Volunteer to Make a Difference!
Farm Views
Horticulture
Food & Fitness
Home & Family Living
Environmental Focus
Urban Agriculture
4-H & Youth
Community Focus
Extension Calendar
Nutrition Education Program
Family and Community Education (FCE) Clubs
and other extension news and events
Nebline, March 2010
NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County
Feature: Biosolids Improve Soil, Increase Yields
Farm Views
Horticulture
Food & Fitness
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Environmental Focus
Urban Agriculture
4-H & Youth
Community Focus
Extension Calendar
Nutrition Education Program
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and other extension news and events
Weed Awareness Special Pullout Section
Nebline, February 2010
NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County
Feature: NEP Helps Educate Families About WIC's New Food Package
Farm Views
Horticulture
Food & Fitness
Home & Family Living
Environmental Focus
Urban Agriculture
4-H & Youth
Community Focus
Extension Calendar
Nutrition Education Program
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and other extension news and events
Nebline, January 2010
NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County
Feature: Tips for Positive Interactions with Tweens
Farm Views
Horticulture
Food & Fitness
Home & Family Living
Environmental Focus
Urban Agriculture
4-H & Youth
Community Focus
Extension Calendar
Nutrition Education Program
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and other extension news and events
Annual Report Special Pullout Section
Crop Registration: The Pathway To Public Access Of Plant Genetic Materials To Build Crops For The Future, D. D. Ellis, K. A. Garland-Campbell, J. A. Grotenhuis, M. M. Jenderek, Jeffrey F. Pedersen
Crop Registration: The Pathway To Public Access Of Plant Genetic Materials To Build Crops For The Future, D. D. Ellis, K. A. Garland-Campbell, J. A. Grotenhuis, M. M. Jenderek, Jeffrey F. Pedersen
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Starting in 1926 and continuing for 80+ yr, 11,241 crop genetic materials have been registered as of 31 Dec. 2008. The crop registration process is an important pathway to publically describe and document new and useful genetic materials and to incorporate these into the public domain via the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS). Crop Registration materials are now searchable via the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) and demand for registered materials remains strong with more than 9150 registered accessions distributed in the past 26 yr by the NPGS. Guidelines continue to evolve to accommodate global factors effecting germplasm exchange such …
Efficacy Of Singular And Stacked Brown Midrib 6 And 12 In The Modification Of Lignocellulose And Grain Chemistry, Scott E. Sattler, Deanna L. Funnell-Harris, Jeffrey F. Pedersen
Efficacy Of Singular And Stacked Brown Midrib 6 And 12 In The Modification Of Lignocellulose And Grain Chemistry, Scott E. Sattler, Deanna L. Funnell-Harris, Jeffrey F. Pedersen
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
In sorghum, brown midrib (bmr) 6 and 12 impair the last two steps of monolignol synthesis. bmr genes were introduced into grain sorghum to improve the digestibility of lignocellulosic tissues for grazing or bioenergy uses following grain harvest. Near-isogenic grain sorghum hybrids (AWheatland X RTx430) were developed containing bmr6, bmr12, and the bmr6 bmr12 double mutant (stacked), and their impacts were assessed in a two-year field study. The bmr genes did not significantly impact grain or lignocellulosic tissue yield. Lignocellulosic tissue from bmr6, bmr12, and stacked hybrids had reduced lignin content and increased in …
Heterosis In Sweet Sorghum And Selection Of A New Sweet Sorghum Hybrid For Use In Syrup Production In Appalachia, T. W. Pfeiffer, M. J. Bitzer, J. J. Toy, Jeffrey F. Pedersen
Heterosis In Sweet Sorghum And Selection Of A New Sweet Sorghum Hybrid For Use In Syrup Production In Appalachia, T. W. Pfeiffer, M. J. Bitzer, J. J. Toy, Jeffrey F. Pedersen
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Although heterosis is well established in grain and forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], reports of heterosis in sweet sorghum are limited to results from grain sorghum × sweet sorghum hybrids. Recent development of cytoplasmic male-sterile sweet sorghum lines allows creation of sweet sorghum hybrids for research and industry. Male sterility may also affect allocation of photosynthate to plant parts, creating the potential to increase sugar content in stems by eliminating seed as a sink. The objectives of this study were to compare performance of A3 cytoplasmic male-sterile lines and A3 cytoplasmic male-sterile hybrids to fertile B …
Influences Of Wind And Sandblasting On The Endangered Blowout Penstemon, James Stubbendieck, Cheryl D. Dunn, Heidi L. Hillhouse, L. M. Landholt
Influences Of Wind And Sandblasting On The Endangered Blowout Penstemon, James Stubbendieck, Cheryl D. Dunn, Heidi L. Hillhouse, L. M. Landholt
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Blowout penstemon Penstemon haydenii is a federally endangered species growing only in areas with active wind erosion in sand dunes of the central United States. This early seral species declines as the blowout habitat stabilizes, allowing later seral species to increase. Blowout penstemon populations and plant size declined in the 1990s when precipitation was higher than normal, resulting in reduced sand movement. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to determine whether blowing sand influenced vigor and persistence of blowout penstemon seedlings. Treatments were wind, sandblasting, wind with sandblasting, and a control. The wind treatment was a constant 14 km h–1 …
Structural And Functional Divergence Of A 1-Mb Duplicated Region In The Soybean (Glycine Max) Genome And Comparison To An Orthologous Region From Phaseolus Vulgaris, Jer-Young Lin, Robert M. Stupar, Christian Hans, D. L. Hyten, Scott A. Jackson
Structural And Functional Divergence Of A 1-Mb Duplicated Region In The Soybean (Glycine Max) Genome And Comparison To An Orthologous Region From Phaseolus Vulgaris, Jer-Young Lin, Robert M. Stupar, Christian Hans, D. L. Hyten, Scott A. Jackson
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Soybean (Glycine max) has undergone at least two rounds of polyploidization, resulting in a paleopolyploid genome that is a mosaic of homoeologous regions. To determine the structural and functional impact of these duplications, we sequenced two ~1-Mb homoeologous regions of soybean, Gm8 and Gm15, derived from the most recent ~13 million year duplication event and the orthologous region from common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), Pv5. We observed inversions leading to major structural variation and a bias between the two chromosome segments as Gm15 experienced more gene movement (gene retention rate of 81% in Gm15 versus 91% in …
Fine Mapping The Soybean Aphid Resistance Gene Rag1 In Soybean, Ki-Seung Kim, Stephanie Bellendir, Karen A. Hudson, Curtis B. Hill, Glen L. Hartman, D. L. Hyten, Matthew E. Hudson, Brian W. Diers
Fine Mapping The Soybean Aphid Resistance Gene Rag1 In Soybean, Ki-Seung Kim, Stephanie Bellendir, Karen A. Hudson, Curtis B. Hill, Glen L. Hartman, D. L. Hyten, Matthew E. Hudson, Brian W. Diers
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) is an important soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] pest in North America. The dominant aphid resistance gene Rag1 was previously mapped from the cultivar ‘Dowling’ to a 12 cM marker interval on soybean chromosome 7 (formerly linkage group M). The development of additional genetic markers mapping closer to Rag1 was needed to accurately position the gene to improve the effectiveness of markerassisted selection (MAS) and to eventually clone it. The objectives of this study were to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near Rag1 and to position these SNPs relative to Rag1. …
Abundance Of Ssr Motifs And Development Of Candidate Polymorphic Ssr Markers (Barcsoyssr_1.0) In Soybean, Qijian Song, Gaofeng Jia, Youlin Zhu, David Grant, Rex T. Nelson, Eun-Young Hwang, D. L. Hyten, P. B. Cregan
Abundance Of Ssr Motifs And Development Of Candidate Polymorphic Ssr Markers (Barcsoyssr_1.0) In Soybean, Qijian Song, Gaofeng Jia, Youlin Zhu, David Grant, Rex T. Nelson, Eun-Young Hwang, D. L. Hyten, P. B. Cregan
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Simple sequence repeat (SSR) genetic markers, also referred to as microsatellites, function in map-based cloning and for marker-assisted selection in plant breeding. The objectives of this study were to determine the abundance of SSRs in the soybean genome and to develop and test soybean SSR markers to create a database of locus-specific markers with a high likelihood of polymorphism. A total of 210,990 SSRs with di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide repeats of five or more were identified in the soybean whole genome sequence (WGS) which included 61,458 SSRs consisting of repeat units of di- (≥10), tri- (≥8), and tetranucleotide (≥7). Among …
Fine Mapping Of The Scn Resistance Locus Rhg1-B From Pi 88788, Myungsik Kim, David L. Hyten, Andrew F. Bent, Brian W. Diers
Fine Mapping Of The Scn Resistance Locus Rhg1-B From Pi 88788, Myungsik Kim, David L. Hyten, Andrew F. Bent, Brian W. Diers
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is the most economically damaging soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] pest in the USA and genetic resistance is a key component for its control. Although SCN resistance is quantitative, the rhg1 locus on chromosome 18 (formerly known as Linkage Group G) confers a high level of resistance. The objective of this study was to fi ne-map the rhg1-b allele that is derived from plant introduction (PI) 88788. F2 and F3 plants and F3:4 lines from crosses between SCN resistant and susceptible genotypes were tested with genetic markers to …
Inoculation With Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Or Crop Rotation With Mycorrhizal Plants Improves The Growth Of Maize In Limed Acid Sulfate Soil, Hasao Higo, Katsunori Isobe, Dong-Jin Kang, Kazuhiro Ujie, Rhae A. Drijber, Ryuichi Ishii
Inoculation With Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Or Crop Rotation With Mycorrhizal Plants Improves The Growth Of Maize In Limed Acid Sulfate Soil, Hasao Higo, Katsunori Isobe, Dong-Jin Kang, Kazuhiro Ujie, Rhae A. Drijber, Ryuichi Ishii
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) improve the uptake of immobile mineral nutrients such as phosphate, thereby improving plant growth. In acid sulfate soil (ASS), AMF spore density is generally low which impacts root colonization and phosphate uptake. Thus, inoculation may help increase AMF colonization of crops grown in ASS. AMF spore density decreases after cultivation of a non-host crop or bare fallow. In addition, preceding crops affect the growth and yield of subsequent crops. The production of AMF inocula requires AMF-compatible plants. The objective of the present study is to elucidate the effect of preceding crops on the persistence of inoculated …
Transgenic Maize Lines With Cell-Type Specific Expression Of Fluorescent Proteins In Plastids, Amir Sattarzadeh, Jonathan Fuller, Salvador Moguel, Katia Wostrikoff, Shirley Sato, Sarah Covshoff, Tom Clemente, Maureen Hanson, David Stern
Transgenic Maize Lines With Cell-Type Specific Expression Of Fluorescent Proteins In Plastids, Amir Sattarzadeh, Jonathan Fuller, Salvador Moguel, Katia Wostrikoff, Shirley Sato, Sarah Covshoff, Tom Clemente, Maureen Hanson, David Stern
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Plastid number and morphology vary dramatically between cell types and at different developmental stages. Furthermore, in C4 plants such as maize, chloroplast ultrastructure and biochemical functions are specialized in mesophyll and bundle sheath cells, which differentiate acropetally from the proplastid form in the leaf base. To develop visible markers for maize plastids, we have created a series of stable transgenics expressing fluorescent proteins fused to either the maize ubiquitin promoter, the mesophyll-specific phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PepC) promoter, or the bundle sheath-specific Rubisco small subunit 1 (RbcS) promoter. Multiple independent events were examined and revealed that maize codon-optimized versions of YFP and …
High-Throughput Snp Discovery And Assay Development In Common Bean, David L. Hyten, Qijian Song, Edward W. Fickus, Charles V. Quigley, Jong-Sung Lim, Ik-Young Choi, Eun-Young Hwang, Marcial Pastor-Corrales, Perry B. Cregan
High-Throughput Snp Discovery And Assay Development In Common Bean, David L. Hyten, Qijian Song, Edward W. Fickus, Charles V. Quigley, Jong-Sung Lim, Ik-Young Choi, Eun-Young Hwang, Marcial Pastor-Corrales, Perry B. Cregan
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Background: Next generation sequencing has significantly increased the speed at which single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can be discovered and subsequently used as molecular markers for research. Unfortunately, for species such as common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) which do not have a whole genome sequence available, the use of next generation sequencing for SNP discovery is much more difficult and costly. To this end we developed a method which couples sequences obtained from the Roche 454-FLX system (454) with the Illumina Genome Analyzer (GA) for high-throughput SNP discovery. Results: Using a multi-tier reduced representation library we discovered a total of …
Soydb: A Knowledge Database Of Soybean Transcription Factors, Zheng Wang, Marc Libault, Trupti Joshi, Babu Valliyodan, Henry T. Nguyen, Dong Xu, Gary Stacey, Jianlin Cheng
Soydb: A Knowledge Database Of Soybean Transcription Factors, Zheng Wang, Marc Libault, Trupti Joshi, Babu Valliyodan, Henry T. Nguyen, Dong Xu, Gary Stacey, Jianlin Cheng
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Background: Transcription factors play the crucial rule of regulating gene expression and influence almost all biological processes. Systematically identifying and annotating transcription factors can greatly aid further understanding their functions and mechanisms. In this article, we present SoyDB, a user friendly database containing comprehensive knowledge of soybean transcription factors.
Description: The soybean genome was recently sequenced by the Department of Energy-Joint Genome Institute (DOE-JGI) and is publicly available. Mining of this sequence identified 5,671 soybean genes as putative transcription factors. These genes were comprehensively annotated as an aid to the soybean research community. We developed SoyDB - a knowledge database …
Spring Seed Guide 2010: Nebraska Variety And Hybrid Tests -- Soybeans, Teshome Regassa, Robert N. Klein, Bruce Anderson, Charles A. Shapiro, Jim Krall
Spring Seed Guide 2010: Nebraska Variety And Hybrid Tests -- Soybeans, Teshome Regassa, Robert N. Klein, Bruce Anderson, Charles A. Shapiro, Jim Krall
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
NEBRASKA SOYBEAN VARIETY TESTS 2009
Crop Production Summary: The November 2009 estimated soybean yield for Nebraska was 52 bushels per acre from 4.800 million harvested acres. The total production of soybeans for the state was forecasted at 247 million bushels. These estimates are from the November National Agricultural Statistics Service.
Selecting Strawberry Cultivars For Winter Greenhouse Production, Ellen T. Paparozzi, Stacy A. Adams, George E. Meyer, M. Elizabeth Conley, Vicki L. Schlegel, Erin E. Blankenship, Paul E. Read
Selecting Strawberry Cultivars For Winter Greenhouse Production, Ellen T. Paparozzi, Stacy A. Adams, George E. Meyer, M. Elizabeth Conley, Vicki L. Schlegel, Erin E. Blankenship, Paul E. Read
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Costs of transportation and food safety concerns have spawned an increase in public support of locally grown vegetables and fruit. With this in mind, a two-phase investigation was planned with the goal of combining low start up costs for sustainable greenhouse production with selection of strawberry cultivars that would provide the greatest number and largest size of berries. Additionally, berries from each cultivar will be analyzed for their beneficial nutraceutical properties to determine if there is a difference among cultivars.
A High Density Integrated Genetic Linkage Map Of Soybean And The Development Of A 1536 Universal Soy Linkage Panel For Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping, D. L. Hyten, Ik-Young Choi, Qijian Song, James E. Specht, Thomas E. Carter Jr., Randy C. Shoemaker, Eun-Young Hwang, Lakshmi K. Matukumalli, P. B. Cregan
A High Density Integrated Genetic Linkage Map Of Soybean And The Development Of A 1536 Universal Soy Linkage Panel For Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping, D. L. Hyten, Ik-Young Choi, Qijian Song, James E. Specht, Thomas E. Carter Jr., Randy C. Shoemaker, Eun-Young Hwang, Lakshmi K. Matukumalli, P. B. Cregan
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the marker of choice for many researchers due to their abundance and the high-throughput methods available for their multiplex analysis. Only recently have SNP markers been available to researchers in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] with the release of the third version of the consensus genetic linkage map that added 1141 SNP markers to the map. Our objectives were to add 2500 additional SNP markers to the soybean integrated map and select a set of 1536 SNPs to create a universal linkage panel for high-throughput soybean quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. The GoldenGate assay …