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Transcription Factor-Mediated Epigenetic Regulation In The Healthy Brain And Neurological Disease, Alexander J. Cammack
Transcription Factor-Mediated Epigenetic Regulation In The Healthy Brain And Neurological Disease, Alexander J. Cammack
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Proper cellular development and function is a complex process established by elaborate gene expression networks. These networks are regulated by epigenetic processes, which alter chromatin states and coordinate the binding of transcription factors (TFs) to regulatory elements (REs), such as enhancers, across the genome to facilitate gene expression. It follows then that a major experimental effort is to profile and understand the binding patterns of TFs to REs in various cellular types and contexts. Critically however, current TF profiling techniques are limited in their abilities to profile TF occupancy in targeted cellular populations and temporal windows, hindering investigations into epigenetic …
Developing Tools For Identifying Tissue-Specific Epigenetic Marks And Predicting Dna Hydroxy/Methylation, Yu He
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A single genome can derive phenotypically unique cell types through various epigenetic modifications that instruct specific gene expression patterns. Histone modifications, DNA methylation, and DNA hydroxymetylation are the most common epigenetic modifications. To understand the mechanisms how these epigenetic modifications regulate gene expression, one often needs to map these marks genome-wide through profiling methods. Firstly, for histone modifications, Roadmap Epigenomics Consortium generated The Human Reference Epigenome Map, containing thousands of genome-wide histone modification datasets that describe epigenomes of a variety of different human tissue and cell types. This map has allowed investigators to obtain a much deeper and more comprehensive …
Deciphering Mechanisms Governing The Development Of The Rod Epigenome, Philip Andrew Ruzycki
Deciphering Mechanisms Governing The Development Of The Rod Epigenome, Philip Andrew Ruzycki
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Precisely coordinated expression of distinct sets of genes is essential for cellular development and function, especially in complex multicellular organisms. This regulation is achieved by the action of transcription factors (TF), proteins that bind specific genomic locations and alter the activity state and packaging of the DNA to promote or repress gene expression. However, while tremendous effort has defined networks of transcription factors that work together to drive specific phenotypes, little is known about their differential activity at the hundreds or thousands of sites where they bind. There are also many questions regarding the basic principles of the packaging of …
Epigenetic Regulation Of Lymphocyte Development And Transformation, Yue Huang
Epigenetic Regulation Of Lymphocyte Development And Transformation, Yue Huang
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cell identity and function rely on intricately controlled programs of gene regulation, alterations of which underlie many diseases, including cancer. Epigenetic analyses of normal and diseased cells have started to elucidate different facets of epigenetic mechanisms for gene regulation. These include changes in nucleosome density, histone modifications, factor binding and chromosomal architecture. All of these aspects contribute to the activities of regulatory elements conferring promoter, enhancer and insulator functions and the cis-regulatory circuits formed by these elements. Despite this progress, an urgent need remains to profile these features and to study how they cooperatively function in normal and pathogenic settings. …