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Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
The Red-Cockaded Woodpecker: Interactions With Fire, Snags, Fungi, Rat Snakes, And Pileated Woodpeckers, Richard N. Conner, Daniel Saenz, D. Craig Rudolph
The Red-Cockaded Woodpecker: Interactions With Fire, Snags, Fungi, Rat Snakes, And Pileated Woodpeckers, Richard N. Conner, Daniel Saenz, D. Craig Rudolph
Faculty Publications
Red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) adaptation to fire-maintained southern pine ecosystems has involved several important interactions: (I) the reduction of hardwood frequency in the pine ecosystem because of frequent tires, (2) the softening of pine heartwood by red heart fungus (Phellinus pini) that hastens cavity excavation by the species, (3) the woodpecker's use of the pine's resin system to create abarrier against rat snakes (Elaphe sp.), and (4) the woodpecker as a keystone cavity excavator for secondary-cavity users. Historically, frequent, low-intensity ground tires in southern pine uplands reduced the availability of dead trees (snags) that are typically used by other …
Diel Activity Patterns Of The Louisiana Pine Snakes (Pituophis Ruthveni) In Eastern Texas, Marc J. Ealy, Robert R. Fleet, D. Craig Rudolph
Diel Activity Patterns Of The Louisiana Pine Snakes (Pituophis Ruthveni) In Eastern Texas, Marc J. Ealy, Robert R. Fleet, D. Craig Rudolph
Faculty Publications
This study examined the diel activity patterns of six Louisiana pine snakes in eastern Texas using radio-telemetry. snakes were monitored for 44 days on two study areas from May to October 1996. Louisana pine snakes were primarily diurnal with moderate crepuscular activity, spending the night within pocket gopher burrows or inactive on the surface. During daylight hours, snakes spent approximately 59% of their time underground within gopher burrows, burned out/rotten stumps, or nine-branded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) burrows. Remaining time was spent on the surface either close to subteranean refuge, or in long distance movements that generally terminet at …
Economic Analysis Of Pruning And Low-Density Management Compared To Traditional Management Of Loblolly Pine Plantations In East Texas, Ching Hsun Huang, Gary D. Kronrad
Economic Analysis Of Pruning And Low-Density Management Compared To Traditional Management Of Loblolly Pine Plantations In East Texas, Ching Hsun Huang, Gary D. Kronrad
Faculty Publications
Economic analyses were conducted to compare traditional loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) timber management to low-density management combined with pruning in East Texas. Soil expectation values were used to determine the financially optimal thinning and final harvesting schedules (including rotation length, and the timing, frequency and intensity of thinning). Two stumpage price assumptions were made: market price and premium price for pruned, clear sawlogs. Five site indices (50 to 90) and six real alternative rates of return (ARR) (2.5 to 15.0%) were employed. Results indicate that if the market price of sawtimber is $450/mbf, traditional management is more profitable for …
Fusiform Rust Trends In East Texas: 1969 To 2002, Dean W. Coble, Young Jin Lee
Fusiform Rust Trends In East Texas: 1969 To 2002, Dean W. Coble, Young Jin Lee
Faculty Publications
Fusiform rust [Cronartium quercuum (Berk.) Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. Fusiforme] infection rates in east Texas increased to nearly 50 percent in slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) and about 15 percent in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations during the 18-year period from 1969 to 1987. New data from the East Texas Pine Plantation Research Project showed that fusiform rust infection rates in slash pine peaked in 1987, then decreased to about 15 percent by 2002. For loblolly pine, the rates stabilized around 10 percent after 1987, then decreased to around 5 percent by 2002. The peak infection rates occurred …
Physiological And Growth Responses Of Midrotation Loblolly Pine To Treatments Of Fire, Herbicide, And Fertilizer, Emily J. Goodwin, Lisa M. Marino, Hans H. Williams, Brian P. Oswald, Kenneth W. Farrish
Physiological And Growth Responses Of Midrotation Loblolly Pine To Treatments Of Fire, Herbicide, And Fertilizer, Emily J. Goodwin, Lisa M. Marino, Hans H. Williams, Brian P. Oswald, Kenneth W. Farrish
Faculty Publications
The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of fertilizer and understory vegetation control (herbicide and prescribed fire) on mature tree physiology and to link observed physiological responses with tree growth. Photosynthetic rate (photosynthesis), transpiration, stomatal conductance, stem diameter, and crown area were measured in two midrotation loblolly pine plantations in East Texas. Rates of photosynthesis, E and gs for the midsummer measurements were significantly reduced by fertilizer treatments on both sites. Drought in east Texas during the last 3 years may have influenced this result. Trees receiving fire at the site with a comparatively more dense live …
Nantucket Pine Tip Moth Control And Loblolly Pine Growth In Intensive Pine Culture: Two-Year Results, David Kulhavy, Jimmie L. Yeiser, L. Allen Smith
Nantucket Pine Tip Moth Control And Loblolly Pine Growth In Intensive Pine Culture: Two-Year Results, David Kulhavy, Jimmie L. Yeiser, L. Allen Smith
Faculty Publications
The Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock) (NPTM), is an important pine regeneration insect in the Eastern and Southern United States (Berisford 1987). Larval feeding in meristematic tissue of young pines causes significant damage, particularly in areas where forest regeneration favors its proliferation (Yates and others 1981). Southeastern industrial forestry currently emphasizes establishment of large, homogeneous pine plantations to maximize production of wood and fiber. This forest management practice also creates optimal conditions for phytophagous insects, whose sole or primary hosts are pine trees. Increased damage by NPTM following vegetation control treatments may include improved suitability of pine tissue …
Oustar: A Premixed Blend Of Velpar Df+Oust Xp For Herbaceous Weed Control And Enhanced Loblolly Pine Seedling Performance, Jimmie L. Yeiser, Andrew W. Ezell
Oustar: A Premixed Blend Of Velpar Df+Oust Xp For Herbaceous Weed Control And Enhanced Loblolly Pine Seedling Performance, Jimmie L. Yeiser, Andrew W. Ezell
Faculty Publications
Six tests were established comparing the herbaceous weed control (HWC) and resultant loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedling performance from treatments of Oustar (0, 10, 13, 16, 19 ounces product acre-1), and industry standards (Velpar L+Oust 32+2; Arsenal+Oust 4+2 both in ounces product acre-1). Sites were prepared prior to planting with: burn only, chemical only, mechanical only, or mechanical and chemical methods. Oustar (13 ounces) and industry standards provided similar weed control and seedling performance. The low rate (10 ounces) of Oustar applied to sandy loam soils receiving chemical preparation and plowing prior to planting provided bareground comparable to industry …
The Response Of Bareroot Loblolly Pine Seedlings To The Amount And Timing Of Nitrogen Fertilization In The Nursery, Hans Michael Williams, Karen Woodard, Tim Stewart
The Response Of Bareroot Loblolly Pine Seedlings To The Amount And Timing Of Nitrogen Fertilization In The Nursery, Hans Michael Williams, Karen Woodard, Tim Stewart
Faculty Publications
A nursery study was conducted to observe the effects of altering the amount of nitrogen fertilizer at each application on bareroot loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedling morphology, survival and growth. The treatments were an equal amount of fertilizer applied each time, an increasing amount each time, and a schedule characterized by low amounts, high amounts, and low amounts. Six applications of ammonium nitrate (32.5 percent N) were applied between June and August 2000, and for all treatments, a total of 169 kg N per ha was applied. In addition, for each growing season treatment, the seedlings were treated either …
Daily Movements Of Female White-Tailed Deer Relative To Parturition And Breeding, Christopher E. Comer
Daily Movements Of Female White-Tailed Deer Relative To Parturition And Breeding, Christopher E. Comer
Faculty Publications
To assess how white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) herd demographics influence reproductive behaviors, we examined 24-h diel movements of female whitetailed deer relative to parturition and breeding in a low-density population with a near even sex ratio at the Savannah River Site (SRS), South Carolina. We conducted a series of intensive, 24-h radio-tracking periods of 13 females during spring and fall 2002. We compared daily range (ha), rate of travel (m/h), and distance between extreme daily locations (m), among the periods of pre-parturition and post-parturition and pre-, peak-, and post-rut. From pre-parturition to post-parturition, we observed decreases in diel range size …
Modeling Energy Savings From Urban Shade Trees: An Assessment Of The Citygreen Energy Conservation Module, Daniel Unger, Courtney Parks, Andrew Carver
Modeling Energy Savings From Urban Shade Trees: An Assessment Of The Citygreen Energy Conservation Module, Daniel Unger, Courtney Parks, Andrew Carver
Faculty Publications
CITYgreen software has become a commonly used tool to quantify the benefits of urban shade trees. Despite its frequent use, little research has been conducted to validate results of the CITYgreen energy conservation module. The first objective of this study is to perform a familiar application of CITYgreen software to predict the potential energy savings contribution of existing tree canopies in residential neighborhoods during peak cooling summer months. Unlike previous studies utilizing CITYgreen, this study also seeks to assess the software's performance by comparing model results (i.e., predicted energy savings) with actual savings (i.e., savings derived directly from energy consumption …
Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Recovery: An Integrated Strategy, D. Craig Rudolph, Richard N. Conner, Jeffrey R. Walters
Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Recovery: An Integrated Strategy, D. Craig Rudolph, Richard N. Conner, Jeffrey R. Walters
Faculty Publications
Populations of the red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) have experienced massive declines since European colonization of North America. This is due to extensive habitat loss and alteration. Logging of old-growth pine forests and alteration of the fire regime throughout the historic range of the species were the primary causes of population decline. Listing of the red-cockaded woodpecker under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended, and increased emphasis on management of non-game species have resulted in efforts to recover remnant populations of the red-cockaded woodpecker in many parts of its historic range. Due to extensive research and adaptive management initiatives …
The Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Cavity Tree: A Very Special Pine, Richard N. Conner, D. Craig Rudolph, Daniel Saenz, Robert H. Johnson
The Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Cavity Tree: A Very Special Pine, Richard N. Conner, D. Craig Rudolph, Daniel Saenz, Robert H. Johnson
Faculty Publications
The adaptation of red-cockaded woodpeckers (Picoides borealis) to fire-maintained southern pine ecosystems has included the development of behaviors that permit the species to use living pines for their cavity trees. Their adaptation to pine ecosystems has also involved a major adjustment in the species' breeding system to cooperative breeding, probably in response to the extended time period required to excavate a completed cavity in a living pine and the relative rarity of completed cavities for nesting. The characteristics of live pines make them variable in their suitability as cavity trees, leading to the evolution of selection behavior among woodpeckers. Red-cockaded …
Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Status And Management: West Gulf Coastal Plain And Interior Highlands, D. Craig Rudolph, Richard N. Conner, Richard R. Schaefer, Daniel Saenz, Dawn K. Carrie, N. Ross Carrie, Ricky W. Maxey, Warren G. Montague, Joe Neal, Kenneth Moore, John Skeen, Jeffrey A. Reid
Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Status And Management: West Gulf Coastal Plain And Interior Highlands, D. Craig Rudolph, Richard N. Conner, Richard R. Schaefer, Daniel Saenz, Dawn K. Carrie, N. Ross Carrie, Ricky W. Maxey, Warren G. Montague, Joe Neal, Kenneth Moore, John Skeen, Jeffrey A. Reid
Faculty Publications
Red-cockaded woodpecker populations declined precipitously following European settlement and expansion and cutting of the original pine forests across the southeastern United States. By 1990 most residual populations lacked demographic viability, existed in degraded habitat, and were isolated from other populations. The primary causes of this situation were harvest of the original pine forests of the southeastern United States, conversion of forested lands to other uses, short-rotation silvicultural practices, and alteration of the fire regime in the regenerated forests. As social and legal mandates changed, management of red-cockaded woodpeckers became a higher priority. Intensive management for red-cockaded woodpeckers is currently practiced …
Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Nestling Provisioning And Reproduction In Two Different Pine Habitats, Richard R. Schaefer, Richard N. Conner, D. Craig Rudolph, Daniel Saenz
Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Nestling Provisioning And Reproduction In Two Different Pine Habitats, Richard R. Schaefer, Richard N. Conner, D. Craig Rudolph, Daniel Saenz
Faculty Publications
We obtained nestling provisioning and reproductive data from 24 Red-cockaded Woodpecker (Picoides borealis) groups occupying two different pine habitats-longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) and a mixture of loblolly (P. taeda) and shortleaf pine (P. echinata)--in eastern Texas during 1990 and 1901. Habitat data were collected within 800 m of each group's cavity-tree cluster. Feeding trips per nest and prey biomass per feeding trip were significantly greater in lohlolly-shortleaf pine habitat. There were few significant correlations between reproductive/provisioning and habitat variables in either pine habitat. Pines dying from infestation by southern pine beetles (Dendroctonus frontalis) were more common in loblolly-shortleaf than in …
History And Evaluation Of The Mcintire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Research Program, D. H. Thompson, Steven H. Bullard
History And Evaluation Of The Mcintire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Research Program, D. H. Thompson, Steven H. Bullard
Faculty Publications
On October 10, 1962, President John Kennedy signed PL 87-788 (Appendix A) now known as the McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Research Program. After 40 years, this formula-based cooperative program continues to provide the base support for much of the forestry research conducted at 65 public forestry institutions. While still important, the proportion of McIntire-Stennis research sponsored over this time period has decreased. Other funding sources, such as competitive grants through the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service and other government agencies along with special grants appropriated by Congress, now finance a higher proportion of forestry research as shown in Figure …
The Double-D Cell For Assembling Hardware In Upholstered Furniture Production, S. L. Hunter, Steven H. Bullard, P. H. Steele, W. D. Motsenbocker
The Double-D Cell For Assembling Hardware In Upholstered Furniture Production, S. L. Hunter, Steven H. Bullard, P. H. Steele, W. D. Motsenbocker
Faculty Publications
This is the first case study in a series of studies that relate specifically to the development and application of lean manufacturing techniques of furniture and wood component supplying industries. Case study one is an example of how a subassembly process in an upholstered furniture facility was re-configured from a traditional flow line to a “Double-D” manufacturing cell. This case study provides general information about lean manufacturing and how a lean manufacturing system can be implemented, followed by a detailed description of Franklin Corporation’s adoption of a new type of manufacturing cell—the “Double-D”. A discussion of the original state of …
Parallel Pull Flow: A New Lean Production Design, S. L. Hunter, Steven H. Bullard, P. H. Steele, W. D. Motsenbocker
Parallel Pull Flow: A New Lean Production Design, S. L. Hunter, Steven H. Bullard, P. H. Steele, W. D. Motsenbocker
Faculty Publications
This case study is #2 in a series of studies that relate specifically to the development and application of lean manufacturing techniques for the furniture and wood component supplying industries. Case study #2 is an example of how productivity can be increased in a furniture manufacturing organization by using a new lean production design termed Parallel Pull Flow (PPF). This case study provides information about lean manufacturing and how a lean manufacturing system can be implemented, followed by a detailed case study of a furniture manufacturing company’s adoption of a new final assembly PPF lean production system.
How Are Investment Returns Affected By Competition Control And Southern Oak Seedling Survival?, D. L. Grebner, A. W. Ezall, D. A. Gaddis, Steven H. Bullard
How Are Investment Returns Affected By Competition Control And Southern Oak Seedling Survival?, D. L. Grebner, A. W. Ezall, D. A. Gaddis, Steven H. Bullard
Faculty Publications
Increasing numbers of landowners are establishing hardwood plantations to satisfy their management objectives. Despite a dearth of research on competition control and its effects on initial hardwood plantation survival and investment returns, this study examines alternative competition control regimes for southern oak establishment. The analysis includes estimates of land expectation value for comparing alternatives. Our results suggest that greater returns can be achieved for southern oaks during both good and bad rainfall years, using methods that maximize survival through competition control.
Comparison Between Regenerators And Non-Regenerators In Mississippi: A Discriminant Analysis, Kathryn G. Arano, Ian A. Munn, John E. Gunter, Steven H. Bullard, Max L. Doolittle
Comparison Between Regenerators And Non-Regenerators In Mississippi: A Discriminant Analysis, Kathryn G. Arano, Ian A. Munn, John E. Gunter, Steven H. Bullard, Max L. Doolittle
Faculty Publications
Nonindustrial private forestland (NIPF) landowners in Mississippi who recently harvested timber were surveyed to examine their regeneration behavior. Differences between regenerators and nonregenerators were investigated by looking at the different factors affecting reforestation decisions. A discriminant analysis was used to identify factors that were useful in differentiating between regenerators and nonregenerators. Ownership size; sociodemographic characteristics such as income, education, place of residence, and age; awareness of existing government incentive/assistance programs; and participation in educational programs were significant variables in differentiating between regenerators and nonregenerators. Landowners who own larger timberlands had a higher propensity to engage in regeneration activities after harvests. …
Improving Southern Oak Seedling Survival Can Boost After-Tax Investment Returns, Donald L. Grebner, Deborah A. Gaddis, Andrew W. Ezell, Steven H. Bullard
Improving Southern Oak Seedling Survival Can Boost After-Tax Investment Returns, Donald L. Grebner, Deborah A. Gaddis, Andrew W. Ezell, Steven H. Bullard
Faculty Publications
Private forest landowners have many reasons for managing their timberlands- from intensive timber production to wildlife habitat to family recreation. An exciting forestry development is the establishment of oak plantations on agricultural land. Both state and federal governmental assistance programs can provide part of the initial investment involved in forest establishment costs. Unfortunately, there are few existing studies to help landowners decide if the investment will be profitable.
Influence Of Habitat And Number Of Nestlings On Partial Brood Loss In Red-Cockaded Woodpeckers, James R. Mccormick, Richard N. Conner, D. Brent Burt, Daniel Saenz
Influence Of Habitat And Number Of Nestlings On Partial Brood Loss In Red-Cockaded Woodpeckers, James R. Mccormick, Richard N. Conner, D. Brent Burt, Daniel Saenz
Faculty Publications
Partial brood loss in red-cockaded woodpeckers (Picoides borealis) was studied during 2 breeding seasons in eastern Texas. The timing of partial brood loss, group size, number of initial nestlings, number of birds fledged, and habitat characteristics of the group's cavity-tree cluster were examined for 37 woodpecker groups in loblolly- (Pinus taeda) shortleaf (P. echinata) pine habitat and 14 groups in longleaf (P palustris) pine habitat. Partial brood loss occurred slightly more in the loblolly-shortleaf pine habitat than in the longleaf pine habitat, largely because nests in loblolly-shortleaf habitat initially contained more nestlings. …