Life Sciences Commons^™

G02-1452-A Landscaping Around Established Trees, Kathleen Pauley Cue, Scott Josiah

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide examines how tree roots grow and how they can be damaged by landscaping activities, and suggests ways to prevent such damage.

Biotechnical Streambank Protection: The Use Of Plants To Stabilize Streambanks, Gary W. Wells

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Biotechnical streambank protection utilizes living plant materials to reinforce soil and stabilize slopes. Plants can be used as the primary structural component or in combination with inert materials like rock, concrete, and steel to help stabilize streambanks. Many terms have been used to describe the engineering use of plant materials for slope stabilization (Figure 1). The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) uses the term Soil Bioengineering to describe the use of living plant material for soil reinforcement, hydraulic drains, barriers to earth movement, and hydraulic pumps or wicks. The underlying concept for all terms is the use of plants to …

Planning Biotechnical Streambank Protection, Gary W. Wells

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

This note is designed to help planners determine the appropriateness of biotechnical alternatives for streambank stabilization. Biotechnical approaches utilize plants as the primary structural components to provide an alternative or complement to concrete, rock and other materials. Even though various biotechnical techniques have been developed to utilize the ability of plants to stabilize slopes, there are situations where these techniques are not an appropriate choice.

Windbreaks: An Agroforestry Practice, Bruce Wright, Kimberly Stuhr

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Purpose of Note:

• Introduce the concept of windbreaks and their benefits

• Describe different applications of windbreaks

• Discuss basic design and planning considerations

Wildland Fire In Ecosystems Effects Of Fire On Air, David V. Sandberg, Roger D. Ottmar, Janice L. Peterson, John Core

Joint Fire Science Program Synthesis Reports

This state-of-knowledge review about the effects of fire on air quality can assist land, fire, and air resource managers with fire and smoke planning, and their efforts to explain to others the science behind fire-related program policies and practices to improve air quality. Chapter topics include air quality regulations and fire; characterization of emissions from fire; the transport, dispersion, and modeling of fire emissions; atmospheric and plume chemistry; air quality impacts of fire; social consequences of air quality impacts; and recommendations for future research.

Federally Owned Rangelands: Are There New Grounds For Common Ground?, Mark Rey

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

Today, we have recreated the range wars, using less violent, twentyfirst century means, but involving equally passionate views and similarly implacable foes. While some advocates vigorously defend a historic land use, others argue with increasing vehemence for sharp reductions-or even a complete cessation-of such uses, dismissing an entire lifestyle as nihilistic. In the face of such apparently intractable antagonism, some have predicted, with unseemly enthusiasm, the eventual sunset of federal land grazing. Others have advanced the seemingly enlightened idea of buying federal grazing leases as a better approach to improving publicly-owned range habitats.

Plumeless Thistle (Curled Thistle, Bristly Thistle), L.-T. Kok, A. Gassmann

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

Plumeless thistle, Carduus acanthoides L., is an introduced Eurasian noxious weed in pastures, rangelands, croplands, and along highways in 19 of the contiguous states in the United States (Frick, 1978). Carduus acanthoides and Carduus nutans L. in the northeastern United States often occupy the same habitats, such as overgrazed pastures and disturbed roadsides, and these species sometimes occur as mixed stands.

11 Purple Loosestrife, B. Blossey

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

Purple loosestrife, Lythrum salicaria L., (Fig. 1) is a weed of natural areas and its spread across North America has degraded many prime wetlands resulting in large, monotypic stands that lack native plant species (Thompson et al., 1987; Malecki et al., 1993). Established L. salicaria populations persist for decades, are difficult to control using conventional techniques (chemical, physical, and mechanical), and continue to spread into adjacent areas (Thompson et al., 1987). Purple loosestrife has been declared a noxious weed in at least 19 states.

Cypress Spurge, H. Faubert, R. A. Casagrande

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

Cypress spurge (Euphorbia cyparissias L.) is a herbaceous European perennial introduced into North America as an ornamental plant in the 1860s (Croizat, 1945). It was widely planted in graveyards and often is called graveyard weed (Muenscher, 1936). The plant escaped cultivation and became established on open ground, particularly in pastures (Stuckey and Pearson, 1973).

Musk Thistle (Nodding Thistle), A. Gassman, L.-T. Kok

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

Musk thistle, Carduus nutans L., is an invasive weed that has become widespread in the contiguous states of the United States. It is a highly competitive weed of Eurasian origin that has replaced much of the native vegetation in pastures and disturbed areas.

Slenderflower Thistle (Winged Slender Or Seaside Thistle), A. Gassmann, L.-T. Kok

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

Like many other Carduus species, slenderflower thistle, Carduus tenuiflorus Curtis, is associated with pastures, disturbed areas, and vacant lots. Invasion is favored by annual burning of pastures. The thistle protects forage from grazing and is a competitive weed in improved pastures.

Bull Thistle (Spear Thistle), L.-T. Kok, A. Gassmann

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

Bull thistle, Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Tenore, is an invasive thistle from Eurasia, found throughout the United States and in Canada from Newfoundland to British Columbia. It is capable of invading fields, pastures, wastelands and along roadsides, but will not survive in cultivated fields.

Canada Thistle, A. S. Mcclay

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

Canada thistle, Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., is a vigorous, competitive weed that occurs in a wide range of habitats and is difficult to control due to its ability to regrow from its extensive, deep creeping root system (Nadeau and Vanden Born, 1989).

Leafy Spurge, R. M. Nowiersky, R. W. Pemberton

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

Leafy spurge, Euphorbia esula L., is an invasive, deep-rooted perennial herb that is native to Eurasia. The plant spreads through explosive seed release and vigorous lateral root growth, forming large, coalescing patches that can dominate rangeland, pastures, prairies and other non-crop areas in the Great Plains region of North America.

Spotted Knapweed, J. Story

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

Spotted knapweed, Centaurea maculosa Lamarck, is a purple-flowered, herbaceous, perennial weed, living three to five years on average. It infests semiarid range lands in the western United States and roadsides and fields in the eastern part of the country. Infested areas are dominated by the plant, reducing their grazing value and suppressing native plant communities. The plant, originally from Central Asia, has been in North America for over 120 years.

Swallow-Worts, L. Tewksbury, R. Casagrande, A. Gassmann

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

There are three European species of swallow-worts found in North America: Vincetoxicum nigrum (L.) Moench (black swallow-wort), Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleo.) Barb. (pale swallow-wort or dog strangling-vine), and Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik. (white swallow-wort) (Sheeley and Raynal, 1996). Swallow-worts are in the family Asclepiadaceae. Vincetoxicum nigrum and V. rossicum now are naturalized in northeastern North America, and both are invasive in natural areas and abandoned pastures (Lawlor, 2000). Swallow-worts are found in gardens and fields, along fencerows, roadways, grassy slopes, wooded edges, and streambanks. Tangled masses of swallow-wort vines shade and suppress native plants (Sheeley and Raynal, 1996). In Rhode Island, heavy …

State-Wide Forest Legacy Assessment Of Need For The Nebraska Forest Legacy Program, Western Environment And Ecology, Inc.

Nebraska Forest Service: Publications

The Forest Legacy Program (FLP) authorizes the USDA Forest Service or state governments to purchase permanent conservation easements on private forest lands and to prevent those lands from being converted to a non-forest use. The forest lands that contain important scenic, cultural, recreation resources, fish and wildlife habitats, water resources, and other ecological values that will support continued traditional forest uses receive priority. Those land owners that choose to participate in the program are required to follow a stewardship plan designed for their forest. Activities consistent with the management plan, including timber harvesting, grazing, and recreation activities, are permitted.

For …