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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Fat Lowering Effects Of Fisetin In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Nikolas J. Rodriguez
Fat Lowering Effects Of Fisetin In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Nikolas J. Rodriguez
Masters Theses
Fisetin, a flavanol with anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-aging properties, has shown promise for reducing fat accumulation in tissue culture and animal models. This plant sourced compound has limited studies supporting its effects on fat accumulation. Therefore, this study was completed to determine fisetin’s role in fat reduction along with its mechanism of action using Caenorhabditis elegans. C. elegans is a small roundworm with roughly 65% of its genes being conserved in humans related to disease. In this study, 100 and 200 µM fisetin has shown to reduce fat accumulation in wild-type worms. Body size, locomotion, and pumping rate were …
Coffee Bioactives Regulate Lipid Metabolism In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Renalison Farias Pereira
Coffee Bioactives Regulate Lipid Metabolism In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Renalison Farias Pereira
Doctoral Dissertations
Coffee consumption is associated with reduced risk of metabolic syndrome, obesity and diabetes. Although the mechanisms of action are not yet elucidated, the effects of coffee and its bioactive components on lipid metabolism may account for the overall coffee effects on human health. Therefore, this study investigated the molecular mechanisms of coffee and its bioactive components on lipid metabolism using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system. Green coffee bean extract (GCBE), the chlorogenic acid 5-O-caffeyolquinic acid (5-CQA), and the coffee diterpenes cafestol and kahweol reduced fat accumulation via distinct lipid metabolism pathways and/or behavior changes in C. elegans …
Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase-Mediated Lipid Metabolism In Obesity And Colon Tumorigenesis, Weicang Wang
Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase-Mediated Lipid Metabolism In Obesity And Colon Tumorigenesis, Weicang Wang
Doctoral Dissertations
Colon cancer is a major public health issue: it is expected to have 140,250 new cases and 50,630 deaths during 2018, making colon cancer the third most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Obesity is associated with enhanced colonic inflammation, which is a major risk factor of colorectal cancer. Currently, more than 35% of adults and nearly 17% of children are obese. Considering the obesity and colon cancer epidemic in the United States, there is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets for obesity and colon cancer. Here, using …
Interaction Of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (Nps) With Food Components And Mechanistic Studies Of Adverse Effects Induced By Titanium Dioxide Nps, Xiaoqiong Cao
Doctoral Dissertations
Many food products contain engineered inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs as a part of food additive, due to both unintentional and intentional additions. There has been increasing concern about the health risks associated with foodborne inorganic NPs. However, the detailed understanding of the biological fate and potential adverse effects of foodborne TiO2 NPs is not available despite a limited number of published toxicity studies on TiO2 NPs. The purpose of this thesis was to characterize the interactions of TiO2 NPs and food components including dietary flavonoids and dietary proteins, …
A Living Model For Obesity And Aging Research: Caenorhabditis Elegans, Peiyi Shen
A Living Model For Obesity And Aging Research: Caenorhabditis Elegans, Peiyi Shen
Doctoral Dissertations
Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is a free-living nematode that has been extensively utilized as an animal model for the research involving aging and neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer and Parkinson, etc. Compared with the traditional animal models, this nematode possesses many benefits, such as small body size, short lifespan, complete sequenced genome and more than 65% of the genes associated with human diseases. All these characteristics enable this organism to be an ideal living system for obesity and aging studies. Piceatannol is a natural stilbene with many beneficial effects, such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic activities, however, its role on …
Effects Of Permethrin, A Pyrethroid Insecticide, On Glucose And Lipid Metabolism, Xiao Xiao
Effects Of Permethrin, A Pyrethroid Insecticide, On Glucose And Lipid Metabolism, Xiao Xiao
Doctoral Dissertations
Over the last few decades, the decline of using organochlorine and organophosphorus insecticides has partially contributed to the rising utilization of newer synthetic insecticides, which are considered as less harmful and more environmental friendly than the older generation of insecticides. Pyrethroid insecticides are one of the newer insecticide classes reported with better biodegradability and low mammalian toxicity without sacrificing its insecticidal efficacy. Permethrin is one of the most widely used pyrethroid insecticides with structural similarity with natural pyrethrin insecticide from the flowers of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium. Since its introduction in the 1970’s, permethrin has been extensively used in medicine, military, …
Effects Of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (Cla) On Skeletal Muscle Metabolism, Yoo Kim
Effects Of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (Cla) On Skeletal Muscle Metabolism, Yoo Kim
Doctoral Dissertations
Although it is well known that increased physical activity can help reduce incidences of obesity, physical activity can be influenced by complex issues, making it difficult to use universal means to control obesity. Recent discoveries of the effects of exercise at the cellular level opened up the unique opportunity to develop compounds with ‘exercise-like’ effects. In fact, CLA has been shown to promote voluntary activity and endurance capacity in mice. Thus, the purpose of these studies is to determine the mechanisms of conjugated linoleic acid on muscle metabolism via the modulation of biochemical events including mitochondrial biogenesis and the alternation …
Vitamin D Levels And Risk Of Dyslipidemia Among Us Children With Diabetes And Obesity, Elsina E. Hagan
Vitamin D Levels And Risk Of Dyslipidemia Among Us Children With Diabetes And Obesity, Elsina E. Hagan
Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014
Dyslipidemia is increasing among U.S. children, and the prevalence is highest among children with diabetes and obesity. Recently, vitamin D deficiency has been suggested as a possible dietary risk factor for dyslipidemia. Despite the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency amongst children, virtually no studies have evaluated the association between vitamin D and dyslipidemia among children. We evaluated the vitamin D and dyslipidemia relationship among 240 children and adolescents aged 2 through 21 years who were outpatients of a pediatric endocrinology unit at a large tertiary care facility in Western Massachusetts from April 2008 to April 2010. Eligible children were …