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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Characterization Of Greenbug Feeding Behavior And Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Host Preference In Relation To Resistant And Susceptible Tetraploid Switchgrass Populations, Kyle G. Koch, Nathan Palmer, Mitch Stamm, Jeff D. Bradshaw, Erin Blankenship, Lisa M. Baird, Gautam Sarath, Tiffany M. Heng-Moss
Characterization Of Greenbug Feeding Behavior And Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Host Preference In Relation To Resistant And Susceptible Tetraploid Switchgrass Populations, Kyle G. Koch, Nathan Palmer, Mitch Stamm, Jeff D. Bradshaw, Erin Blankenship, Lisa M. Baird, Gautam Sarath, Tiffany M. Heng-Moss
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Two choice studies were performed to evaluate greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), and yellow sugarcane aphid, Sipha flava (Forbes), preference for two tetraploid switchgrass populations, Summer and Kanlow, and one experimental hybrid, K×S, derived by crossing Kanlow (male)×Summer (female) plants. Additionally, an assessment of S. graminum feeding behavior was performed on the same switchgrass populations, by using the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique. Choice studies for S. flava indicated a lack of antixenosis, with no preference by aphids among any of the switchgrass populations at any time point. However, choice studies with S. graminum indicated a preference for the K×S plants …
Molecular Evolution Of Glycoside Hydrolase Genes In The Western Corn Rootworm (Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera), Seong-Il Eyun, Haichuan Wang, Yannick Pauchet, Richard H. Ffrench-Constant, Andrew K. Benson, Arnubio Valencia-Jimenez, Etsuko N. Moriyama, Blair Siegfried
Molecular Evolution Of Glycoside Hydrolase Genes In The Western Corn Rootworm (Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera), Seong-Il Eyun, Haichuan Wang, Yannick Pauchet, Richard H. Ffrench-Constant, Andrew K. Benson, Arnubio Valencia-Jimenez, Etsuko N. Moriyama, Blair Siegfried
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Cellulose is an important nutritional resource for a number of insect herbivores. Digestion of cellulose and other polysaccharides in plant-based diets requires several types of enzymes including a number of glycoside hydrolase (GH) families. In a previous study, we showed that a single GH45 gene is present in the midgut tissue of the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). However, the presence of multiple enzymes was also suggested by the lack of a significant biological response when the expression of the gene was silenced by RNA interference. In order to clarify the repertoire of cellulose-degrading enzymes and related …
Global Spread Of Wheat Curl Mite By Its Most Polyphagous And Pestiferous Lineages, A. Skoracka, B. Rector, L. Kuczyński, W. Szydło, G. Hein, R. French
Global Spread Of Wheat Curl Mite By Its Most Polyphagous And Pestiferous Lineages, A. Skoracka, B. Rector, L. Kuczyński, W. Szydło, G. Hein, R. French
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
The wheat curl mite (WCM), Aceria tosichella, is an important pest of wheat and other cereal crops that transmits wheat streak mosaic virus and several other plant viruses. Wheat curl mite has long been considered a single polyphagous species, but recent studies in Poland revealed a complex of genetically distinct lineages with divergent host-acceptance traits, ranging from highly polyphagous to host-specific. This diversity of WCM genotypes and host-acceptance phenotypes in Europe, the presumed native range of WCM, raises questions about the lineage identities of invasive WCM populations on other continents and their relationships to European lineages. The goals of …
Grow Them And We Will Come For The Feast, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Jeff Bradshaw, Kyle Koch, Travis Prochaska, Teresa Donze-Reiner, Gautam Sarath
Grow Them And We Will Come For The Feast, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Jeff Bradshaw, Kyle Koch, Travis Prochaska, Teresa Donze-Reiner, Gautam Sarath
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Sustainable production of switchgrass and other bioenergy grasses will require eff ective pest management. Identifi cation of potential insect pests and detailed characterization of the plant-insect interaction will better enable us to address emergent insect pests in production fi elds. An added uncertainty is how manipulation of plants for improved quality (e.g. lower lignin) will aff ect plant resistance to insect herbivory. Plants can utilize different mechanisms to defend against chewing versus piercing-sucking insects; however, some basal plant responses appear to be shared across diverse biotic stressors. Th e range and modulation of these responses are beginning to be addressed …
Effect Of Maize Lines On Larval Fitness Costs Of Cry1f Resistance In The European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Jennifer L. Petzold-Maxwell, Blair D. Siegfried, Richard L. Hellmich, Craig A. Abel, Brad S. Coates, Terrence A. Spencer, Aaron J. Gassmann
Effect Of Maize Lines On Larval Fitness Costs Of Cry1f Resistance In The European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Jennifer L. Petzold-Maxwell, Blair D. Siegfried, Richard L. Hellmich, Craig A. Abel, Brad S. Coates, Terrence A. Spencer, Aaron J. Gassmann
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Crops producing insecticidal toxins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are widely planted and enable management of key insect pests while reducing the use of conventional insecticides. However, the evolution of Bt resistance could diminish these benefits. Fitness costs of Bt resistance occur in the absence of Bt toxin when individuals with resistance alleles show a reduction in fitness relative to susceptible individuals, and they can delay the evolution of resistance. Ecological factors including host-plant variety can affect the magnitude of fitness costs, and consequently, the degree to which fitness costs delay resistance. In this study, we measured fitness costs …
Differential Transmission Of Triticum Mosaic Virus By Wheat Curl Mite Populations Collected In The Great Plains, Anthony J. Mcmechan, Satyanarayana Tatineni, Roy French, Gary L. Hein
Differential Transmission Of Triticum Mosaic Virus By Wheat Curl Mite Populations Collected In The Great Plains, Anthony J. Mcmechan, Satyanarayana Tatineni, Roy French, Gary L. Hein
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Wheat is an important food grain worldwide and the primary dryland crop in the western Great Plains. A complex of three wheat curl mite (WCM)-transmitted viruses (Wheat streak mosaic virus, High plains virus, and Triticum mosaic virus [TriMV]) is a cause of serious loss in winter wheat production in the Great Plains. TriMV was first reported in Kansas in 2006 and later found in most other Great Plains states. Currently, three populations of WCM have been identified by genetic characterization and differential responses to mite resistance genes in wheat. In this study, we examined TriMV transmission by these …
A Negative Effect Of A Pathogen On Its Vector? A Plant Pathogen Increases The Vulnerability Of Its Vector To Attack By Natural Enemies, Camila F. De Oliveira, Elizabeth Y. Long, Deborah L. Finke
A Negative Effect Of A Pathogen On Its Vector? A Plant Pathogen Increases The Vulnerability Of Its Vector To Attack By Natural Enemies, Camila F. De Oliveira, Elizabeth Y. Long, Deborah L. Finke
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Plant pathogens that are dependent on arthropod vectors for transmission from host to host may enhance their own success by promoting vector survival and/or performance. The effect of pathogens on vectors may be direct or indirect, with indirect effects mediated by increases in host quality or reductions in the vulnerability of vectors to natural enemies. We investigated whether the bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi, a vector of cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV) in wheat, experiences a reduction in rates of attack by the parasitoid wasp Aphidius colemani when actively harboring the plant pathogen. We manipulated the vector status of aphids …
Infection In Soybeans And On Multiple Host Plants In Puerto Rico By An Isolate Of Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus., Jose C. V. Rodrigues, Difabachew B. Kondidie, C. Estevez-Jensen, E. W. Kitajima, R. M. Huckaba, John E. Foster
Infection In Soybeans And On Multiple Host Plants In Puerto Rico By An Isolate Of Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus., Jose C. V. Rodrigues, Difabachew B. Kondidie, C. Estevez-Jensen, E. W. Kitajima, R. M. Huckaba, John E. Foster
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Seed companies in the USA grow winter soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) nurseries in Puerto Rico to advance their breeding programs and seed increase. However, the soybean nurseries are being threatened by a viral disease that cause stunting, leaf and stem necrosis and shoot wilting that leads to death of the whole plant. In the present study transmission assays were conducted using stem grafting, mechanical inoculation, and whiteflies (WFs), Bemisia tabci (Gennadius). Cultivated and wild host plants infested by WFs were surveyed at Dow AgroSciences Research Station and nearby farms at Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico. Based on previous report …
Biotic Potential, Fertility And Life Table Of Spodoptera Albula (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Under Controlled Conditions, Débora G. Montezano, Alexandre Specht, Daniel Ricardo Sosa-Gómez, Vânia F. Roque-Specht, Tarciso M. Bortolin, Edegar Fronza, Patricia Pezzi, Priscila C. Luz, Neiva M. Barros
Biotic Potential, Fertility And Life Table Of Spodoptera Albula (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Under Controlled Conditions, Débora G. Montezano, Alexandre Specht, Daniel Ricardo Sosa-Gómez, Vânia F. Roque-Specht, Tarciso M. Bortolin, Edegar Fronza, Patricia Pezzi, Priscila C. Luz, Neiva M. Barros
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
This study aimed to evaluate the biotic potential, life table parameters and fertility of Spodoptera albula (Walker, 1857) under controlled conditions (25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% RH and 14 hour photo phase). The longevity, pre, post and oviposition periods, fecundity and fertility of 13 couples were evaluated. The longevity of females (13.500 days) was significantly higher than those of males (11.154 days). The mean durations of the pre, post and oviposition periods were 2.615, 1.769 and 9.385 days, respectively. The mean fecundity was 1.417.69 eggs and mean fertility was 1.340.401 larvae, per female. On average, females copulated 1, 231 …
Minute Pirate Bug (Orius Insidiosus Say) Populations On Transgenic And Non-Transgenic Maize Using Different Sampling Techniques, Santiago A. Palizada, Bamphitlhi Tiroesele, Difabachew B. Kondidie, Muhammad Irfan Ullah, Fatima Mustafa, Thomas E. Hunt, Pete L. Clark, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, Steven R. Skoda, John E. Foster
Minute Pirate Bug (Orius Insidiosus Say) Populations On Transgenic And Non-Transgenic Maize Using Different Sampling Techniques, Santiago A. Palizada, Bamphitlhi Tiroesele, Difabachew B. Kondidie, Muhammad Irfan Ullah, Fatima Mustafa, Thomas E. Hunt, Pete L. Clark, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, Steven R. Skoda, John E. Foster
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the populations of minute pirate bug [Orius insidiosus (Say)] using visual, sticky cards and destructive sampling techniques in transgenic and non-transgenic maize in three locations in Nebraska (Mead, Clay Center. and Concord) United States of America. during 2007 and 2008 . All sampling methods revealed significant counts of O. insidiosus on CP4 EPSPS maize plus an insecticide application for control of first generation O. nubilalis at R2 (blister) sampling period. Similarly, visual observations of O. insidiosus on Cry1Ab x Cry3Bb1 x CP4 EPSPS maize yielded significantly higher mean adult counts at R2 (blister) …
Influence Of Edible Fruit Coatings On Drosophila Suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Oviposition And Development, Katharine A. Swoboda-Bhattarai, Hannah Burrack
Influence Of Edible Fruit Coatings On Drosophila Suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Oviposition And Development, Katharine A. Swoboda-Bhattarai, Hannah Burrack
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is a highly invasive vinegar fly recently detected in the United States that severely threatens the viability of soft skinned fruit production. Insecticides mitigate some of this damage, but alternative methods to manage D. suzukii infestation are needed. We tested three edible coatings to determine if they could prevent or reduce oviposition by D. suzukii females or affect immature survivorship and development in two important host crops, blueberry and raspberry. None of the coatings prevented oviposition, but some reduced the number of eggs laid. Two carnauba wax-based coatings, PrimaFresh 45 and Raynox, dramatically reduced survivorship of immature …
Population Structure, Genetic Variability, And Gene Flow Of The Bean Leaf Beetle, Cerotoma Trifurcata, In The Midwestern United States, Bamphitlhi Tiroesele, Steven R. Skoda, Thomas E. Hunt, Donald J. Lee, Jaime Molina Ochoa, John E. Foster
Population Structure, Genetic Variability, And Gene Flow Of The Bean Leaf Beetle, Cerotoma Trifurcata, In The Midwestern United States, Bamphitlhi Tiroesele, Steven R. Skoda, Thomas E. Hunt, Donald J. Lee, Jaime Molina Ochoa, John E. Foster
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Bean leaf beetle, Cerotoma trifurcata (Forster) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a common pest of soybean in the Midwest United States. However, there are currently no reports on the genetic variability of C. trifurcata. This study examined 15–30 individuals from 25 sample locations to estimate genetic variability and gene flow within and among C. trifurcata from across the Midwest. Amplified fragment length polymorphism generated 175 markers for analyses. Results from analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that the majority of genetic variation was from within samples; only a small amount of the total variation was attributed to the variation among the samples. …
Expression And Characterization Of A Recombinant Endoglucanase From Western Corn Rootworm, In Pichia Pastoris, Arnubio Valencia Jimenez, Haichuan Wang, Blair D. Siegfried
Expression And Characterization Of A Recombinant Endoglucanase From Western Corn Rootworm, In Pichia Pastoris, Arnubio Valencia Jimenez, Haichuan Wang, Blair D. Siegfried
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
ABSTRACT. The endoglucanase cDNA, Dvv-ENGase I, from western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte was expressed using the GS115 methylotrophic strain of Pichia pastoris. The Dvv-ENGase I gene was cloned into the integrative plasmid pPICZαA under the control of AOX1, which is a methanol-inducible promoter. Positive clones were selected for their ability to produce the recombinant endoglucanase upon continuous methanol induction. The secreted recombinant insect endoglucanase Dvv-ENGase I has an apparent molecular mass of 29 kDa. The recombinant endo-1,4 -β-glucanase (ENGase) was able to digest the substrates: hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and Whatman No. 1 filter paper. A …
Bootsie – Estimation Of Coefficient Of Variation Of Aflp Data By Bootstrap Analysis, Justin Payne, Erica Lindroth, K. M. Kneeland, Steven R. Skoda, Fatima Mustafa, Muhammad Irfan Ullah, John E. Foster
Bootsie – Estimation Of Coefficient Of Variation Of Aflp Data By Bootstrap Analysis, Justin Payne, Erica Lindroth, K. M. Kneeland, Steven R. Skoda, Fatima Mustafa, Muhammad Irfan Ullah, John E. Foster
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Bootsie is an English-native replacement for ASG Coelho's “DBOOT” utility for estimating coefficient of variation of a population of AFLP marker data using bootstrapping. Bootsie improves on DBOOT by supporting batch processing, time-to-completion estimation, builtin graphs, and a suite of export tools for creating data files for other population genetics software.
Forms Of Melanoplus Bowditchi (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Collected From Different Host Plants Are Indistinguishable Genetically And In Aedeagal Morphology, Muhammad Irfan Ullah, Fatima Mustafa, Kate Kneeland, Mathew L. Brust, W. Wyatt Hoback, Shripat T. Kamble, John E. Foster
Forms Of Melanoplus Bowditchi (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Collected From Different Host Plants Are Indistinguishable Genetically And In Aedeagal Morphology, Muhammad Irfan Ullah, Fatima Mustafa, Kate Kneeland, Mathew L. Brust, W. Wyatt Hoback, Shripat T. Kamble, John E. Foster
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
The sagebrush grasshopper, Melanoplus bowditchi Scudder (Orthoptera: Acrididae), is a phytophilous species that is widely distributed in the western United States on sagebrush species. The geographical distribution of M. bowditchi is very similar to the range of its host plants and its feeding association varies in relation to sagebrush distribution. Melanoplus bowditchi bowditchi Scudder and M. bowditchi canus Hebard were described based on their feeding association with different sagebrush species, sand sagebrush and silver sagebrush, respectively. Recently, M. bowditchi have been observed feeding on other plant species in western Nebraska. We collected adult M. bowditchi feeding on four plant species, …