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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
The Effect Of Larval Diet And Sex On Nectar Nicotine Feeding Preferences In Manduca Sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), D. N. Sharp, A. K. Lentz-Ronning, A. J. Barron, Lynn Adler
The Effect Of Larval Diet And Sex On Nectar Nicotine Feeding Preferences In Manduca Sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), D. N. Sharp, A. K. Lentz-Ronning, A. J. Barron, Lynn Adler
Lynn Adler
No abstract provided.
Nectar Secondary Compounds Affect Self-Pollen Transfer: Implications For Female And Male Reproduction, Rebecca E. Irwin, Lynn Adler
Nectar Secondary Compounds Affect Self-Pollen Transfer: Implications For Female And Male Reproduction, Rebecca E. Irwin, Lynn Adler
Lynn Adler
Pollen movement within and among plants affects inbreeding, plant fitness, and the spatial scale of genetic differentiation. Although a number of studies have assessed how plant and floral traits influence pollen movement via changes in pollinator behavior, few have explored how nectar chemical composition affects pollen transfer. As many as 55% of plants produce secondary compounds in their nectar, which is surprising given that nectar is typically thought to attract pollinators. We tested the hypothesis that nectar with secondary compounds may benefit plants by encouraging pollinators to leave plants after visiting only a few flowers, thus reducing self-pollen transfer. We …
Correlations Among Traits Associated With Herbivore Resistance And Pollination: Implications For Pollination And Nectar Robbing In A Distylous Plant, Rebecca E. Irwin, Lynn Adler
Correlations Among Traits Associated With Herbivore Resistance And Pollination: Implications For Pollination And Nectar Robbing In A Distylous Plant, Rebecca E. Irwin, Lynn Adler
Lynn Adler
Plants interact simultaneously with a diversity of visitors, including herbivores and pollinators. Correlations among traits associated with herbivory and pollination may constrain the degree to which plants can evolve in response to any one interactor. Using the distylous plant, Gelsemium sempervirens, we tested the hypothesis that traits typically associated with pollination (distyly) and herbivore resistance (secondary compounds) were phenotypically correlated and examined how these traits influenced plant interactions with floral visitors. The flowers of G. sempervirens are visited by pollinators and a nectar robber, and the leaves and flowers express gelsemine, an alkaloid that is deterrent and sometimes toxic to …
Ecological Costs And Benefits Of Defenses In Nectar, Lynn Adler, Rebecca E. Irwin
Ecological Costs And Benefits Of Defenses In Nectar, Lynn Adler, Rebecca E. Irwin
Lynn Adler
The nectar of many plant species contains defensive compounds that have been hypothesized to benefit plants through a variety of mechanisms. However, the relationship between nectar defenses and plant fitness has not been established for any species. We experimentally manipulated gelsemine, the principal alkaloid of Carolina jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens), in nectar to determine its effect on pollinator visitation, nectar robber visitation, and male and female plant reproduction. We found that nectar robbers and most pollinators probed fewer flowers and spent less time per flower on plants with high compared to low nectar alkaloids. High alkaloids decreased the donation of fluorescent …
The Dual Role Of Floral Traits: Pollinator Attraction And Plant Defense, Rebecca E. Irwin, Lynn Adler, Alison K. Brody
The Dual Role Of Floral Traits: Pollinator Attraction And Plant Defense, Rebecca E. Irwin, Lynn Adler, Alison K. Brody
Lynn Adler
Plants are under siege from a diversity of enemies that consume both leaf and floral parts. Plants resist damage to leaves in a variety of ways, and we now have a rich literature documenting how plants defend themselves against herbivore attack. In contrast, the mechanisms by which plants resist enemies that consume floral parts or resources are much less known, even though damage to floral tissue usually has tighter links to plant fitness than damage to leaf tissue. Many plants experience nectar robbing, whereby floral visitors remove nectar from flowers, often without pollinating. Nectar robbers can reduce plant fitness to …
Host Species Affects Herbivory, Pollination, And Reproduction In Experiments With Parasitic Castilleja, Lynn Adler
Host Species Affects Herbivory, Pollination, And Reproduction In Experiments With Parasitic Castilleja, Lynn Adler
Lynn Adler
The relative performance of a parasitic plant on different host species will depend on both direct and indirect effects of hosts on parasite interactions with mutualists and antagonists. Host species could affect parasite interactions with both herbivores and pollinators due to the uptake of defensive compounds and nutrients. However, the effects of different host species on parasitic plants have not been experimentally tested in the field. I determined the effect of two native host species, an alkaloid-producing, nitrogen-fixing lupine and non-alkaloid, non-nitrogen-fixing grass, on herbivory, pollination, and reproduction of the hemiparasitic plant Indian paintbrush (Castilleja indivisa). Within this experiment, I …
Host Effects On Herbivory And Pollination In A Hemiparasitic Plant, Lynn Adler
Host Effects On Herbivory And Pollination In A Hemiparasitic Plant, Lynn Adler
Lynn Adler
The indirect effects of hosts on interactions between parasites and other species are not well understood, and it may be difficult to predict the outcome of host species effects on parasite performance due to the complexity of potential direct and indirect effects. For example, parasitic plants obtain defensive compounds as well as nutrients from their hosts, and thus many attributes of parasitic plants are dependent on the quality of their host species. Here I measure the effect of a lupine host species (Lupinus argenteus) compared to other host species on herbivory, pollination, and female plant fitness in the hemiparasite Indian …
Direct And Indirect Effects Of Alkaloids On Plant Fitness Via Herbivory And Pollination, Lynn Adler, Richard Karban, Sharon Y. Strauss
Direct And Indirect Effects Of Alkaloids On Plant Fitness Via Herbivory And Pollination, Lynn Adler, Richard Karban, Sharon Y. Strauss
Lynn Adler
Herbivores and pollinators can simultaneously exert selective pressures on plant traits via direct and indirect effects. Net selection on plant traits, such as defensive chemistry, may be difficult to predict from studying either of these interactions in isolation. In this study, alkaloids were manipulated experimentally in the hemiparasitic annual plant Castilleja indivisa (Scrophulariaceae; Indian paintbrush) by growing these parasites with bitter (high-alkaloid) or sweet (low-alkaloid) near-isogenic lines of the host Lupinus albus (Fabaceae) in the field. To evaluate the effect of herbivores, half of the Indian paintbrush plants were randomly assigned to a reduced-herbivory treatment using insecticide, and the other …