Life Sciences Commons^™

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 25. No. 4. December 1993

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

FACTORS INFLUENCING DEER/VEHICLE MORTALITY IN EAST CENTRAL SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ J. S. Gleason and J. A. Jenks

PRONGHORN SKULL FOUND ALONG EDGE OF HISTORIC EASTERN DISTRIBUTION IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ W. F. Jensen and R. W. Seabloom

SOREX MERRIAMI IN NEBRASKA ▪ P. W. Freeman, J. D. Druecker, and S. Tvrz

ARE DEER MICE A COMMON PREY OF COYOTES? ▪ G. A. Kaufman, D. E. Brillhart, and D. W. Kaufman

EFFECT OF PRAIRIE-FIRE ASH ON FOOD CHOICE BY DEER MICE AND HISPID COTTON RATS …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 25, No. 3 September 1993

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

AVAILABILITY OF EARTHWORMS AND SCARAB BEETLES TO SANDHILL CRANES IN NATIVE GRASSLANDS ALONG THE PLATTE RIVER ▪ C. A. Davis and P. A. Vohs

BLACK TERN COLONIZATION OF A RESTORED PRAIRIE WETLAND IN NORTHWESTERN MINNESOTA ▪ D. J. Delehanty and W. D. Svedarsky

MOUNTAIN PLOVER HABITAT SELECTION IN THE POWDER RIVER BASIN, WYOMING ▪ T. L. Parrish, S. R. Anderson, and W. F. Oelklaus

POST-HATCH BROOD AMALGAMATION IN LESSER SCAUP: FEMALE BEHAVIOR AND RETURN RATES AND DUCKLING SURVIVAL ▪ A. D. Afton

STATUS AND …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 25. No. 2. June 1993

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

RAPID GROWTH OF CHANNEL CATFISH IN FLAMING GORGE RESERVOIR, WYOMING ▪ C. B. Alexander and W. A. Hubert

MANAGEMENT EVALUATION OF BODY CONDITION AND POPULATION SIZE STRUCTURE FOR PADDLEFISH: A UNIQUE CASE ▪ M L. Brown and B. R. Murphy

DISTRIBUTION OF THE RIBBON LEECH IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ C. M. Pennuto and M. G. Butler

SELENIUM IN EARED GREBE EMBRYOS FROM STEWART LAKE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE, NORTH DAKOTA ▪ M. M. Olson and D. Welsh

USING GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION TO PREDICT BREEDING LOCALES OF …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 25. No. 1. March 1993

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

FACTORS AFFECTING BIRD COLONIZATION OF RESTORED WETLANDS ▪ L. M. Hemesath and J. J. Dinsmore

RESPONSE OF DABBLING DUCKS TO EARLY-SPRING PARTIAL DRAWDOWN ON LAKE ERIE MARSHES ▪ T. Z. Riley and T. A. Bookhout

OVER-WATER NESTING BY DUCKS IN NORTHEASTERN SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ . K. L. Solberg and K. F. Higgins

ADDITIONAL MOUNTAIN PLOVER SIGHTINGS IN MONTANA ▪ D. M. Prellwitz

SMALL MAMMALS OF WOODED HABITATS OF THE KONZA PRAIRIE RESEARCH NATURAL AREA, KANSAS ▪ D. W. Kaufman, G. A. Kaufman, and E. …

Breeding Systems For Cross-Pollinated Perennial Grasses, K. P. Vogel, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

I. Introduction

II. Reproductive and Breeding Characteristics

III. Breeding Systems

A. Ecotype Selection

B. Recurrent, RestricteclPhenotypic Selection

C. Half-sib Progeny Test

D. Between and Within Family Selection

E. Recurrent Multistep Family Selection

IV. Gains From Selection

A. Time Interval per Cycle

B. Potential Gain per Cycle .

C. Potential Inbreeding per Cycle

V. Polycrossing

VI. Hybrid Cultivars

VII. Conclusions

Literature Cited

Genetic Manipulation Of Tall Fescue, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, D. A. Sleper

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Genetic manipulation of tall fescue (Festuca arnndinacea Schreb.) has not been altered by the discovery of the Acremonium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones and Gams) / grass interaction. However, tall fescue breeding programs have been affected greatly. The basic methods for genetically manipulating the grass have remained static. Tall fescue is an obligate out-crossing species, and most improvements are, therefore, captured in the form of an improved population developed through some form of mass or recurrent selection. What has changed is the breeder's ability to recognize genetic differences in the grass because of the confounding effect of A. coenophialum on plant phenotype. It …

Comparison Of Sorghum And Indiangrass Chloroplast Genomes Using Rflps, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, R. D. Lee, D. J. Lee, K. P. Vogel

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash) appear closely related based on morphological and chemotaxonomic characters. Each species could potentially provide desirable traits to the other. However, traditional breeding techniques have been unsuccessful in hybridizing these two species. The objective of this study was to determine the relatedness of sorghum and indiangrass chloroplast DNA using RFLPs. Eleven sorghum lines in several cytoplasms, two indiangrass popu1ations, and a corn line were studied using 60 proberestriction enzyme combinations. Principal component analysis of the results showed sorghum to be as closely related to corn as to indiangrass, with no …

Meristic And Organogenetic Variation In Ruppia Occidentalis And R. Maritima, Robert B. Kaul

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Floral meristic and organogenetic variation was sampled in Ruppia occidentalis from an alkaline lake of the Nebraska Sandhills and in Ruppia maritima var. rostrata from a saline, non-Sandhills lake nearby. The androecium is meristically stable, always having two stamens, but the gynoecium is not. Seventy-two percent of the flowers of R. maritima had four carpels and the others had three, and in 80% of inflorescences the two flowers had the same number. In about one-third of inflorescences having dissimilar carpel numbers, the four-carpellate flower was uppermost. The number of carpels in each flower of R. occidentalis ranged from four to …

Molecular Approaches For Control Of Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus, H. B. Scholthof, M. Borja, Thomas Jack Morris, A. O. Jackson

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

I N this overview strategies are discussed that are currently being tested in our laboratory in an effort to engineer resistance against tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) in plants. TBSV is chosen as a model-system since this is an economically important RNA virus that is well characterized at the molecular level and the virus has some interesting and potentially useful features that can be exploited to produce resistant plants. Moreover, we anticipate that the information derived from our studies with TBSV will be applicable in developing resistance to other plant viruses. Some approaches that we are attempting to apply to …

Developmental Morphology Of Tropical Sorghum And Sorghum X Sudangrass, R. B. Mitchell, K. J. Moore, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, T. A. Peterson, L. E. Moser, D. D. Redfearn

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Tropical sorghum and sorghum x sudangrass are known to be efficient scavengers of soil nitrogen and are important forage crops in the U.S. Nitrate contamination of groundwater due to disposal of organic wastes and excessive fertilization is a major concern in the Central Great Plains. A common disposal method of municipal wastes is application to fallow cropland. Quantification of the developmental morphology of tropical sorghum and sorghum x sudangrass is important to developing management strategies that allow multiple applications of organic wastes to optimize nitrogen removal and dry matter production. The objective of this study was to quantify the developmental …