Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- (R)-DOI; Inflammation; Stress (1)
- Amphibians (1)
- Anxiety (1)
- Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (1)
- Bees -- Habitations -- Oregon -- Portland (1)
-
- Biology -- Study and teaching (Higher) (1)
- Caenorhabditis elegans (1)
- Cerambycinae (1)
- Cholecalciferol (1)
- Coxiella burnetii (1)
- DNA replication (1)
- DNA viruses (1)
- Diapause (1)
- Digital image analysis (1)
- Effective teaching (1)
- Epigenetics (1)
- Evolution (Biology) (1)
- FIB/SEM (1)
- Fear (1)
- Female social stress (1)
- Fluorescent probes (1)
- Gene expression (1)
- Graduate teaching assistants -- Attitudes (1)
- Hymenoptera -- Conservation (1)
- Hypocretin (1)
- Inflammation (1)
- Killifishes -- Embryos -- Development (1)
- Killifishes -- Embryos -- Effect of environment on (1)
- Lagocheirus (1)
- Lamiinae (1)
Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
(R)-2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Iodoamphetamine [(R)-Doi] Influences Coping Strategies To An Escapable Social Stress, Kevin Thomas Krupp
(R)-2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Iodoamphetamine [(R)-Doi] Influences Coping Strategies To An Escapable Social Stress, Kevin Thomas Krupp
Dissertations and Theses
Depressive mood disorders are a leading cause of disability worldwide and pharmacological treatments for these disorders are inadequate, requiring new compounds with greater efficacy be investigated. The etiology of depression is heterogeneous; however, it is well established that stress exposure, and the proinflammatory effects of stress have a major role. Psychedelic compounds have rapid and long-lasting anxiolytic and antidepressive effects in humans and animal models of stress induced affective behavior. However, it is not completely understood how these compounds produce such rapid effects. We investigated whether the psychedelic compound (R)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine [(R)-DOI], a selective 5-HT2A partial agonist with potent anti-inflammatory properties, …
Modulation Of Stress-Induced Behaviors Through Orexinergic Signaling In The Basolateral Amygdala, Jazmine D W Yaeger
Modulation Of Stress-Induced Behaviors Through Orexinergic Signaling In The Basolateral Amygdala, Jazmine D W Yaeger
Dissertations and Theses
Stress initiates behavioral disturbances, which are often seen as symptoms of psychiatric disorders, like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety. While stress is involved in the formation of disordered states, only certain individuals are vulnerable to, and therefore experience, these outcomes. Further, females are more likely to be diagnosed with stress-induced psychiatric disorders. Elements within stress neurocircuitry offer insight into differential behavioral outcomes associated with stressful experiences; and the basolateral amygdala (BLA), where pro- and anti-stress signals are integrated, is likely an important mediator in phenotype development. The orexin system, too, while being strongly associated with sleep, motivation, and …
Impacts Of Environmental And Anthropogenic Stressors On Amphibian Welfare, Diversity, And Distribution In The Upper Missouri River Basin, Kaitlyn Campbell
Impacts Of Environmental And Anthropogenic Stressors On Amphibian Welfare, Diversity, And Distribution In The Upper Missouri River Basin, Kaitlyn Campbell
Dissertations and Theses
Climate change and anthropogenic stressors have contributed to rapid declines among various taxonomic groups; however, amphibian declines have been particularly intense and primarily stemmed from warming temperatures, habitat loss, exposure to contaminants, disease, and their subsequent interactions. Several climate mitigation strategies, like Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage, have been proposed to alleviate the impact of rising temperatures; however, these proposals often fail to recognize and quantify the true impact on fauna, including changes in species distributions. To address this critical gap in knowledge, this research identified current amphibian distributions in the Upper Missouri River Basin and projected distribution changes …
A Bioinformatic And Biochemical Analysis Of Cruciviruses, George William Kasun
A Bioinformatic And Biochemical Analysis Of Cruciviruses, George William Kasun
Dissertations and Theses
Cruciviruses are novel ssDNA viruses discovered through metagenomics and direct environmental DNA amplification and cloning. The genomes of cruciviruses suggest that gene transfer between RNA and DNA viruses occurred due to the presence of putative protein-encoding genes that are homologous to both ssRNA and ssDNA viruses. In order to gain a better understanding of this group of viruses both bioinformatic analyses and in vitro biochemical experiments were employed. The results of the bioinformatic analyses show that cruciviruses are a highly diverse group of ssDNA viruses. Their placement within established ssDNA phylogenies is difficult due to heterogeneity in their putative replication-associated …
Selenium Probes For The Detection Of Thioredoxin Reductase Activity, Tendai Joseph Mafireyi
Selenium Probes For The Detection Of Thioredoxin Reductase Activity, Tendai Joseph Mafireyi
Dissertations and Theses
The identification and quantification of proteins and enzymatic activity in living tissues frequently requires the use of invasive procedures such as biopsy. These techniques can inhibit measurements of protein levels in real-time, and the disruption of tissue can lead to the loss of important information concerning the spatial distribution and differential activities in various cell types. The use of small organic fluorescent probes that rely on activation or accumulation within a tissue embody robust methods of detection that address these issues. This dissertation describes the design, synthesis and evaluation of fluorescent probes that can detect the enzyme thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). …
Mitonuclear Mismatch Is Associated With Increased Male Frequency, Outcrossing, And Male Sperm Size In Experimentally-Evolved C. Elegans, Brent William Bever
Mitonuclear Mismatch Is Associated With Increased Male Frequency, Outcrossing, And Male Sperm Size In Experimentally-Evolved C. Elegans, Brent William Bever
Dissertations and Theses
We provide the first controlled study of how male frequencies and rates of outcrossing evolve in response to mitonuclear mismatch by allowing replicate lineages of C. elegans nematodes containing either mitochondrial or nuclear mutations of electron transport chain (ETC) genes to evolve under three sexual systems: facultatively outcrossing (wildtype), obligately selfing, and obligately outcrossing. In partial support of a tenet of the mitonuclear sex hypothesis, which predicts that outcrossing will be favored in cases of mitonuclear mismatch, we found evolution of increased male frequency in at least one replicate line of all four ETC mutant backgrounds tested--nuclear isp-1, mitochondrial …
Mechanisms Of Substrate Recognition By The Cul3-Based E3 Ligase, Katia Graziella De Oliveira Rebola
Mechanisms Of Substrate Recognition By The Cul3-Based E3 Ligase, Katia Graziella De Oliveira Rebola
Dissertations and Theses
Cul3-based E3 ligase is responsible for regulating a variety of cellular pathways, many of which are known to have profound effects on the proper function of multicellular organisms. Although progress over the past years has been truly impressive, our understanding of the mechanisms of E2 recruitment and selection by the BCR complex and all the roles that Cul3 plays on kidneys remains in its infancy. To explore these aspects, this dissertation aims to analyze the Cul3 complex using two different approaches: (1) We used the powerful tool of chimeric analysis to map the essential domain binding characteristics of Cul3 taking …
Exploring Mirna Function And Host Response To Coxiella Burnetii Infection, Madhur Sachan
Exploring Mirna Function And Host Response To Coxiella Burnetii Infection, Madhur Sachan
Dissertations and Theses
Alveolar macrophages attempt to control bacterial infection through a spectrum of defense processes, including induction of apoptosis, autophagy, inflammatory response, and nutrient sequestration. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, are involved in a spectrum of physiological processes, including immune response to intracellular infections. However, whether microRNAs have any functions in host response to Coxiella burnetii infection is unknown. Coxiella burnetii is a highly infectious intracellular pathogen that causes Q fever, a zoonosis with a worldwide occurrence. In this work, I investigated the functions of miRNAs in host response to C. burnetii infection and found that miRNAs are an …
Experiences Of Undergraduates And Graduate Teaching Assistants In Biology Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experiences, Emma Crystal Goodwin
Experiences Of Undergraduates And Graduate Teaching Assistants In Biology Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experiences, Emma Crystal Goodwin
Dissertations and Theses
Evidence of positive student outcomes from course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) has sparked implementation of CUREs in introductory biology laboratory courses, as one approach to boosting student engagement in research. In a CURE, students collaborate with other students and instructors on a research project, where they conduct novel scientific research that has relevance to a local or scientific community. However, previous research rarely considers that graduate teaching assistants (GTAs) often teach introductory labs. The classroom role of GTAs expands in a CURE--they no longer need to simply teach a lab class, but also to serve as research mentors. GTAs, who …
Nesting Habits Of Cavity Nesting Bees And Wasps In Portland, Oregon, Stefanie Kay Steele
Nesting Habits Of Cavity Nesting Bees And Wasps In Portland, Oregon, Stefanie Kay Steele
Dissertations and Theses
Native bees are threatened by habitat loss through urbanization, however, there is increasing interest in creating bee nesting habitat in urban areas. Few studies have determined what species are present in the region, or examined the role of nest height or cavity size in attracting the approximate one-third of native bees that nest in cavities. To determine what species were present, and whether they showed preferences for nesting at a certain height or cavity width, we set up artificial wooden cavity nest blocks across fourteen locations in the greater Portland, OR area. Wooden posts were erected with nest blocks at …
Temperature-Induced Activation Of The Reproductive Axis Through Melatonin-Mediated Changes In Thyrotropin, Treven J. Winters
Temperature-Induced Activation Of The Reproductive Axis Through Melatonin-Mediated Changes In Thyrotropin, Treven J. Winters
Dissertations and Theses
An animal's ability to synchronize life-history events or stages with optimal environmental conditions is paramount to successfully reproducing and maximizing fitness. Additional events including migration, foraging, rearing of young, and emergence from hibernation are all examples of processes under environmental control in one species or another. An exciting new mechanism involving neural thyroid hormone metabolism has been elucidated that links environmental control to the neuroendocrine reproductive axis. In birds and mammals with seasonal breeding cycles, this neuroendocrine pathway is activated by photoperiod-induced changes in thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH, also known as thyrotropin) production within the pars tuberalis region of the …
Testing Functional Variation In Thermal Properties For Antarctic Mosses, Andrew Forrest Clements
Testing Functional Variation In Thermal Properties For Antarctic Mosses, Andrew Forrest Clements
Dissertations and Theses
As the maritime Antarctic ecosystem continues to warm, glacial retreat will further expose subterranean permafrost to warmer conditions. One of the most visible changes in the ecosystem is the colonization of the new ice-free areas by bryophytes, particularly mosses. These bryophytes are having important effects on terrestrial thermal properties, but little is known about differences among Antarctic moss species in their thermal properties. Here, I measured the thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and the water content of moss species on King George Island to understand the insulation ability of Antarctic mosses, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sanionia georgicouncinata, Chorisodontium aciphyllum, …
Elucidating The Evolution And Function Of Srnas That Facilitate Bacterial Stress Tolerance, Madeline Claire Krieger
Elucidating The Evolution And Function Of Srnas That Facilitate Bacterial Stress Tolerance, Madeline Claire Krieger
Dissertations and Theses
Non-coding small RNAs (sRNAs) are ubiquitous post-transcriptional regulators found in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Despite their integral role in many regulatory pathways, including those that facilitate stress-tolerance, little is known about the evolutionary forces that drive the emergence of novel sRNAs, how prevalent sRNAs are within bacterial species, or the functions of a majority of these transcripts. In this work, I first describe the evolution of OxyS, a well-characterized sRNA in gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae that is involved in coordinating the bacterial response to oxidative stress. Next, I identify novel sRNAs differentially produced by the gram-positive oral pathogen Streptococcus mutans in …
Connecting Environment And Phenotype: Deciphering Mechanisms Of Diapause Entry And Exit In The Annual Killifish Austrofundulus Limnaeus, Erin Monica Davis
Connecting Environment And Phenotype: Deciphering Mechanisms Of Diapause Entry And Exit In The Annual Killifish Austrofundulus Limnaeus, Erin Monica Davis
Dissertations and Theses
Embryonic development is complex, dynamic, and dependent on environmental factors. Mechanisms of sensing and integrating environmental stimuli are diverse, and understanding these mechanisms in extant species can elucidate how complex phenotypes emerge from genomic information expressed in an environmental context. In Austrofundulus limnaeus, an annual killifish with alternative developmental trajectories, light and temperature are vital factors that determine if an embryo will enter a state of diapause. We hypothesize that embryos of A. limnaeus use the vitamin D3 signaling pathway as a vehicle to incorporate these ecological signals into their developmental programing. Here we provide evidence of …
There’S More Than One Way To Beat The Heat: What Anal Probes Reveal About Thermal Responses In Neotropical Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)., Emilie I. Dion
There’S More Than One Way To Beat The Heat: What Anal Probes Reveal About Thermal Responses In Neotropical Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)., Emilie I. Dion
Dissertations and Theses
Increasing global temperatures have been linked to shifts in the distributions and preferred microhabitats of terrestrial species. This trend is predicted to impact tropical forest insects, which may already be exposed to conditions that bring them close to their thermal maxima. Tropical microhabitats are linked to vertical stratification, because the canopy is hotter, winder, and less humid than the ground. In ectothermic organisms, such as beetles, thermoregulation is dependent on morphological and behavioral traits. This study investigates woodboring cerambycid beetles, to determine how behavioral thermoregulation through microhabitat selection (vertical stratification) is correlated to morphological attributes (color lightness, size, and pubescence) …
Analyzing Ultrastructural Characteristics Of Post-Synaptic Targets Of Pre-Identified Presynaptic Boutons In Layer 3 And Layer 4 Of The Ferret Primary Visual Cortex, Donia Shehab
Dissertations and Theses
The purpose of this study was to analyze the size and ultrastructural characteristics of post-synaptic elements apposed to previously characterized pre-synaptic elements in layers 3 and 4 of the primary visual cortex (PVC). We are aiming to quantify a range of values for synaptic element morphologies as well as to correlate pre- and post-synaptic elements to find a set of rules that is prevalent in the visual cortex that can also be upheld in other mammals. We hypothesize that bigger pre-synaptic elements correlate to bigger synapses and bigger post-synaptic elements. We compared these two different layers because they receive synaptic …