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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Sex-Associated Mitochondrial Genes: Tools For Understanding Unionid Reproduction And Development, Amy Louise Maynard
Sex-Associated Mitochondrial Genes: Tools For Understanding Unionid Reproduction And Development, Amy Louise Maynard
MSU Graduate Theses
Gonochoristic species of the bivalve order Unionida possess two types of mitochondria. The female-inherited mitochondria (F-mt) is found in the somatic cells of both sexes, while male-inherited mitochondria (M-mt) is found in the male gonad. These mitochondria possess different open reading frames (M-ORF or F-ORF respectively). Previous studies suggested that two types of sperm might exist, each carrying one or the other mitochondrial haplotype, and it was hypothesized that the presence of either F-mt or M-mt in sperm may be involved in determination of offspring sex. I investigated this hypothesis in Bleedingtooth (Venustaconcha pleasii). Sperm samples were obtained from field-collected …
Biocompatible Flavone-Based Fluorogenic Probes For Quick Wash-Free Mitochondria! Imaging In Living Cells, Bin Liu, Mickey Shah, Ge Zhang, Qin Liu, Yi Pang
Biocompatible Flavone-Based Fluorogenic Probes For Quick Wash-Free Mitochondria! Imaging In Living Cells, Bin Liu, Mickey Shah, Ge Zhang, Qin Liu, Yi Pang
Yi Pang
Mitochondria, vital organelles existing in almost all eukaryotic cells, play a crucial role in energy metabolism and apoptosis of aerobic organisms. In this work, we report two new flavone-based fluorescent probes, MC-Mito1 and MC-Mito2, for monitoring mitochondria in living cells. These two probes exhibit remarkably low toxicity, good cell permeability, and high specificity; these probes complement the existing library of mitochondrial imaging agents. The new dyes give nearly no background fluorescence, and their application does not require tedious postwashing after cell staining. The appreciable tolerance of MC-Mito2 encourages a broader range of biological applications for understanding the cell degeneration and …
Biocompatible Flavone-Based Fluorogenic Probes For Quick Wash-Free Mitochondria! Imaging In Living Cells, Bin Liu, Mickey Shah, Ge Zhang, Qin Liu, Yi Pang
Biocompatible Flavone-Based Fluorogenic Probes For Quick Wash-Free Mitochondria! Imaging In Living Cells, Bin Liu, Mickey Shah, Ge Zhang, Qin Liu, Yi Pang
Ge Zhang
Mitochondria, vital organelles existing in almost all eukaryotic cells, play a crucial role in energy metabolism and apoptosis of aerobic organisms. In this work, we report two new flavone-based fluorescent probes, MC-Mito1 and MC-Mito2, for monitoring mitochondria in living cells. These two probes exhibit remarkably low toxicity, good cell permeability, and high specificity; these probes complement the existing library of mitochondrial imaging agents. The new dyes give nearly no background fluorescence, and their application does not require tedious postwashing after cell staining. The appreciable tolerance of MC-Mito2 encourages a broader range of biological applications for understanding the cell degeneration and …
A Mitochondria-Anchored Isoform Of The Actin-Nucleating Spire Protein Regulates Mitochondrial Division, Uri Manor, Sadie Bartholomew, Gonen Golani, Eric Christenson, Michael Kozlov, Henry Higgs, James Spudich, Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz
A Mitochondria-Anchored Isoform Of The Actin-Nucleating Spire Protein Regulates Mitochondrial Division, Uri Manor, Sadie Bartholomew, Gonen Golani, Eric Christenson, Michael Kozlov, Henry Higgs, James Spudich, Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz
Dartmouth Scholarship
Mitochondrial division, essential for survival in mammals, is enhanced by an inter-organellar process involving ER tubules encircling and constricting mitochondria. The force for constriction is thought to involve actin polymerization by the ER-anchored isoform of the formin protein inverted formin 2 (INF2). Unknown is the mechanism triggering INF2-mediated actin polymerization at ER-mitochondria intersections. We show that a novel isoform of the formin-binding, actin-nucleating protein Spire, Spire1C, localizes to mitochondria and directly links mitochondria to the actin cytoskeleton and the ER. Spire1C binds INF2 and promotes actin assembly on mitochondrial surfaces. Disrupting either Spire1C actin- or formin-binding activities reduces mitochondrial constriction …
Physiological Performance Of Warm-Adapted Marine Ectotherms: Thermal Limits Of Mitochondrial Energy Transduction Efficiency, Eloy Martinez, Eric Hendricks, Michael A. Menze, Joseph J. Torres
Physiological Performance Of Warm-Adapted Marine Ectotherms: Thermal Limits Of Mitochondrial Energy Transduction Efficiency, Eloy Martinez, Eric Hendricks, Michael A. Menze, Joseph J. Torres
Michael Menze
Thermal regimes in aquatic systems have profound implications for the physiology of ectotherms. In particular, the effect of elevated temperatures on mitochondrial energy transduction (i.e. energy from carbon substrates to ATP) in tropical and subtropical teleosts may have profound consequences on organismal performance and population viability. Upper and lower whole-organism critical temperatures for teleosts suggest that subtropical and tropical species are not susceptible to the warming trends associated with climate change, but sub-lethal effects on energy transduction efficiency and population dynamics remain unclear. The goal of the present study was to compare the thermal sensitivity of processes associated with mitochondrial …
Loss Of Mitochondrial Dna Causes Decreased Cell Viability, Alan M. Herrera
Loss Of Mitochondrial Dna Causes Decreased Cell Viability, Alan M. Herrera
Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA
Mitochondria are an organellar network involved in cellular bioenergetics and apoptosis, and dynamically balance their organization between fusion and fission events. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA combine to encode polypeptides for the complexes of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the mitochondrial inner membrane, which generate a transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) to synthesize ATP. Loss of ΔΨm causes mitochondrial fission, which appears to be associated with the progression of apoptosis, a critical cell death mechanism that allows tissue homeostasis, developmental sculpturing, and the removal of unwanted cells. Using cultured human cell models of decreased ΔΨm (both genetic mtDNA-depleted ρ 0 and pharmacological …
Physiological Performance Of Warm-Adapted Marine Ectotherms : Thermal Limits Of Mitochondrial Energy Transduction Efficiency., Eloy Martinez, Eric Hendricks, Michael Menze, Joseph Torres
Physiological Performance Of Warm-Adapted Marine Ectotherms : Thermal Limits Of Mitochondrial Energy Transduction Efficiency., Eloy Martinez, Eric Hendricks, Michael Menze, Joseph Torres
Faculty Scholarship
Thermal regimes in aquatic systems have profound implications for the physiology of ectotherms. In particular, the effect of elevated temperatures on mitochondrial energy transduction (i.e. energy from carbon substrates to ATP) in tropical and subtropical teleosts may have profound consequences on organismal performance and population viability. Upper and lower whole-organism critical temperatures for teleosts suggest that subtropical and tropical species are not susceptible to the warming trends associated with climate change, but sub-lethal effects on energy transduction efficiency and population dynamics remain unclear. The goal of the present study was to compare the thermal sensitivity of processes associated with mitochondrial …
Triatominae (Hemiptera:Reduviidae) In Texas: Mitochondrial Genome Assembly, Trypanosoma Cruzi Detection, And Bacterial Community Analysis, Chissa-Louise Rivaldi
Triatominae (Hemiptera:Reduviidae) In Texas: Mitochondrial Genome Assembly, Trypanosoma Cruzi Detection, And Bacterial Community Analysis, Chissa-Louise Rivaldi
Biology Theses
The genus Triatoma contains vectors of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the pathogen responsible for Chagas disease. The following research presents several inductive studies to develop vector control approaches targeted to the genus or species level. Two-hundred and eighty-two insects were collected, identified, and tested for the presence of T. cruzi. Four species of the Triatoma genus were collected - the overall incidence of T. cruzi was 52% (T. gerstaeckeri -51%, T. lecticularia – 92%, other, 29%). From these 282 insects, the bacterial communities of eight specimens of T. gerstaeckeri were sequenced and analyzed using pyrosequencing technology. The bacterial communities …
Changes In Gene Expression In Sirt3 Knockout Liver Cells, Randa Tao, Jamie Leclerc, Kübra Yildiz, Seong-Hoon Park, Barbara Jung, David Gius, Özkan Özden
Changes In Gene Expression In Sirt3 Knockout Liver Cells, Randa Tao, Jamie Leclerc, Kübra Yildiz, Seong-Hoon Park, Barbara Jung, David Gius, Özkan Özden
Turkish Journal of Biology
The sirtuin (SIRT) gene family is reported to regulate critical intracellular processes from aging to cellular metabolism and repair. SIRT3 knockout (SIRT3-/-) mice develop receptor positive mammary tumors starting at 13 months and SIRT3 expression is decreased in human breast cancer samples as well as several other diseases. It is established that carcinogenesis results from the accumulation of multiple aberrant genetic events including the activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes. To determine the potential early genomic events that may play a role in the tumor-permissive phenotype observed in SIRT3-/- cells, we compared gene expression profile in SIRT3-/- and …
Mia40 Protein Serves As An Electron Sink In The Mia40-Erv1 Import Pathway, Sonya E. Neal, Deepa V. Dabir, Heather L. Tienson, Darryl M. Horn, Kathrin Glaeser, Rachel R. Ogozalek Loo, Antoni Barrientos, Carla M. Koehler
Mia40 Protein Serves As An Electron Sink In The Mia40-Erv1 Import Pathway, Sonya E. Neal, Deepa V. Dabir, Heather L. Tienson, Darryl M. Horn, Kathrin Glaeser, Rachel R. Ogozalek Loo, Antoni Barrientos, Carla M. Koehler
Biology Faculty Works
A redox-regulated import pathway consisting of Mia40 and Erv1 mediates the import of cysteine-rich proteins into the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Mia40 is the oxidoreductase that inserts two disulfide bonds into the substrate simultaneously. However, Mia40 has one redox-active cysteine pair, resulting in ambiguity about how Mia40 accepts numerous electrons during substrate oxidation. In this study, we have addressed the oxidation of Tim13 in vitro and in organello. Reductants such as glutathione and ascorbate inhibited both the oxidation of the substrate Tim13 in vitro and the import of Tim13 and Cmc1 into isolated mitochondria. In addition, a ternary complex consisting …
Melatonin, Mitochondria, And Ca2+ Homeostasis In The Exocrine Pancreas: An Overview, Antonio Gonzalez, Patricia Santofimia-Castaño, Gines Maria Salido
Melatonin, Mitochondria, And Ca2+ Homeostasis In The Exocrine Pancreas: An Overview, Antonio Gonzalez, Patricia Santofimia-Castaño, Gines Maria Salido
Turkish Journal of Biology
Melatonin, a derivative of the amino acid tryptophan, was initially thought to be mainly produced and secreted by the pineal gland; with time, it was also found in other tissues and organs, and even in plants. Since its discovery, the study of the role of the indole in cellular homeostasis has generated impressive data, which have led researchers to a common idea regarding the positive actions of melatonin in health. The uncontrolled production of free radicals in cellular systems leads to the situation termed oxidative stress, which has been signaled as the basis of disease and aging. In the exocrine …
Mitochondrial Dna-Related Disorders: Emphasis On Mechanisms And Heterogeneity, Umut Cagin, Jose Antonio Enriquez
Mitochondrial Dna-Related Disorders: Emphasis On Mechanisms And Heterogeneity, Umut Cagin, Jose Antonio Enriquez
Turkish Journal of Biology
Mitochondrial diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders that are currently the focus of intense research. The many cell functions performed by mitochondria include ATP production, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis. One of the unique properties of mitochondria is the existence of a separate mitochondrial genome (mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA) found in varying copy numbers and containing 37 genes, 13 of them encoding proteins. All 13 mitochondrially encoded proteins form part of oxidative phosphorylation complexes through combination with approximately 100 nuclear DNA-encoded proteins. Coregulation of nDNA and mtDNA is therefore essential for mitochondrial function, and this coregulation contributes to the heterogeneity and …
Role Of Melatonin On Calcium Signaling And Mitochondrial Oxidativestress In Epilepsy: Focus On Trp Channels, Mustafa Naziroğlu
Role Of Melatonin On Calcium Signaling And Mitochondrial Oxidativestress In Epilepsy: Focus On Trp Channels, Mustafa Naziroğlu
Turkish Journal of Biology
Calcium ion (Ca2+) accumulation and excessive oxidative stress in the hippocampus and brain cortex have long been known as major contributors to the etiology of epilepsy. I have reviewed the role of Ca2+ signaling through cation channels and mitochondria-mediated oxidative stress on epilepsy in human and animals. A review of the relevant papers and results from recent studies were obtained from PubMed and the Science Citation Index. Current literature findings indicate that melatonin and agomelatine reduce activation of hippocampal transient receptor potential (TRP), glutamate receptors, and voltage-gated calcium channels that are critical for the development of abnormal Ca2+ homeostasis and …
Melatonin As A Stabilizer Of Mitochondrial Function: Role In Diseases And Aging, Cristina Carrasco, Ana B. Rodriguez, Jose A. Pariente
Melatonin As A Stabilizer Of Mitochondrial Function: Role In Diseases And Aging, Cristina Carrasco, Ana B. Rodriguez, Jose A. Pariente
Turkish Journal of Biology
It is now almost 60 years since the discovery of melatonin and new physiological functions of the indole continuously appear in the most recent studies worldwide. Experimental evidence emphasizes its importance as a stabilizer of the mitochondrial bioenergetics, which could be related to the prevention of development of aging and several diseases. In the next years, conscientious investigation about this topic should be undertaken by scientists of different research areas to achieve a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms implied. This will ultimately allow the development and clinical application of efficacious treatments.
Prooxidant Effects Of Melatonin: A Brief Review, Malwina S. Munik, Cem Ekmekçi̇oğlu
Prooxidant Effects Of Melatonin: A Brief Review, Malwina S. Munik, Cem Ekmekçi̇oğlu
Turkish Journal of Biology
Melatonin acts classically through the widely expressed G protein-coupled membrane receptors MT1 and MT2, respectively. The functional role of the MT receptors is not fully clear with multiple effects, such as effects on the circadian, reproductive, immune, cardiovascular, and intestinal systems, being suggested. In addition to receptor-mediated effects, melatonin also acts as a potent antioxidant and it is quite evident that melatonin and its metabolites efficiently reduce oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA and also exert protective effects on mitochondria. The potent antioxidant activity of melatonin stems from various complex mechanisms, including direct scavenging of radicals, stimulation of antioxidant …