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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Review Of "Race Unmasked: Biology And Race In The Twentieth Century" By M. Yudell, John B. Jenkins
Review Of "Race Unmasked: Biology And Race In The Twentieth Century" By M. Yudell, John B. Jenkins
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Progesterone And Prostaglandin F2Α Induce Species-Typical Female Preferences For Male Sexual Displays In Cope's Gray Treefrog (Hyla Chrysoscelis), J. L. Ward, E. K. Love, Alexander T. Baugh, N. M. Gordon, J. C. Tanner, M. A. Bee
Progesterone And Prostaglandin F2Α Induce Species-Typical Female Preferences For Male Sexual Displays In Cope's Gray Treefrog (Hyla Chrysoscelis), J. L. Ward, E. K. Love, Alexander T. Baugh, N. M. Gordon, J. C. Tanner, M. A. Bee
Biology Faculty Works
Endocrine systems play critical roles in facilitating sexual behavior in seasonally breeding vertebrates. Much of the research exploring this topic has focused on the endocrine correlates of signaling behavior in males and sexual proceptivity in females. What is less understood is how hormones promote the expression of the often complex and highly selective set of stimulus–response behaviors that are observed in naturally breeding animals. In female frogs, phonotaxis is a robust and sensitive bioassay of mate choice and is exhibited by gravid females during the breeding season. In stark contrast, females exhibit low phonotactic responsiveness outside the breeding season, but …
Anthropologists Are Talking – About The Anthropocene, D. Haraway, N. Ishikawa, Scott F. Gilbert, K. Olwig, A. L. Tsing, N. Bubandt
Anthropologists Are Talking – About The Anthropocene, D. Haraway, N. Ishikawa, Scott F. Gilbert, K. Olwig, A. L. Tsing, N. Bubandt
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
No Effect Of Host Species On Phenoloxidase Activity In A Mycophagous Beetle, Vincent A. Formica, Amanda Kar-Men Chan , '16
No Effect Of Host Species On Phenoloxidase Activity In A Mycophagous Beetle, Vincent A. Formica, Amanda Kar-Men Chan , '16
Biology Faculty Works
Ecological immunology is an interdisciplinary field that helps elucidate interactions between the environment and immune response. The host species individuals experience have profound effects on immune response in many species of insects. However, this conclusion comes from studies of herbivorous insects even though species of mycophagous insects also inhabit many different host species. The goal of this study was to determine if fungal host species as well as individual, sex, body size, and host patch predict one aspect of immune function, phenoloxidase activity (PO). We sampled a metapopulation of Bolitotherus cornutus, a mycophagous beetle in southwestern Virginia. B. cornutus live …
Parameter Estimation For Gene Regulatory Networks From Microarray Data: Cold Shock Response In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Kam D. Dahlquist, Ben G. Fitzpatrick, Erika T. Camacho, Stephanie D. Entzminger, Nathan C. Wanner
Parameter Estimation For Gene Regulatory Networks From Microarray Data: Cold Shock Response In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Kam D. Dahlquist, Ben G. Fitzpatrick, Erika T. Camacho, Stephanie D. Entzminger, Nathan C. Wanner
Biology Faculty Works
We investigated the dynamics of a gene regulatory network controlling the cold shock response in budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The medium-scale network, derived from published genome-wide location data, consists of 21 transcription factors that regulate one another through 31 directed edges. The expression levels of the individual transcription factors were modeled using mass balance ordinary differential equations with a sigmoidal production function. Each equation includes a production rate, a degradation rate, weights that denote the magnitude and type of influence of the connected transcription factors (activation or repression), and a threshold of expression. The inverse problem of determining model …
An Inquiry-Infused Introductory Biology Laboratory That Integrates Mendel's Pea Phenotypes With Molecular Mechanisms, Philip Kudish, E. Schlag, Nicholas J. Kaplinsky
An Inquiry-Infused Introductory Biology Laboratory That Integrates Mendel's Pea Phenotypes With Molecular Mechanisms, Philip Kudish, E. Schlag, Nicholas J. Kaplinsky
Biology Faculty Works
We developed a multi-week laboratory in which college-level introductory biology students investigate Mendel's stem length phenotype in peas. Students collect, analyze and interpret convergent evidence from molecular and physiological techniques. In weeks 1 and 2, students treat control and experimental plants with Gibberellic Acid (GA) to determine whether uncharacterized short mutant lines are GA responsive. These data allow students to place the mutation in the GA signal transduction pathway. During weeks 2 and 3, plants are genotyped for Mendel's "le" mutation using a derived cleaved polymorphic sequences (dCAPS) PCR assay. This laboratory allows students to make a direct connection between …
Dna-Based Authentication Of Botanicals And Plant-Derived Dietary Supplements: Where Have We Been And Where Are We Going?, Denise F. Coutinho Moraes, David W. Still, Michelle R. Lum, Ann M. Hirsch
Dna-Based Authentication Of Botanicals And Plant-Derived Dietary Supplements: Where Have We Been And Where Are We Going?, Denise F. Coutinho Moraes, David W. Still, Michelle R. Lum, Ann M. Hirsch
Biology Faculty Works
Herbal medicines and botanicals have long been used as sole or additional medical aids worldwide. Currently, billions of dollars are spent on botanicals and related products, but minimal regulation exists regarding their purity, integrity, and efficacy. Cases of adulteration and contamination have led to severe illness and even death in some cases. Identifying the plant material in botanicals and phytomedicines using organoleptic means or through microscopic observation of plant parts is not trivial, and plants are often misidentified. Recently, DNA-based methods have been applied to these products because DNA is not changed by growth conditions unlike the chemical constituents of …
Textures And Traction: How Tube-Dwelling Polychaetes Get A Leg Up, Rachel Merz
Textures And Traction: How Tube-Dwelling Polychaetes Get A Leg Up, Rachel Merz
Biology Faculty Works
By controlling the traction between its body and the tube wall, a tube-dwelling polychaete can move efficiently from one end of its tube to the other, brace its body during normal functions (e.g., ventilation and feeding), and anchor within its tube avoiding removal by predators. To examine the potential physical interaction between worms and the tubes they live in, scanning electron microscopy was used to reveal and quantify the morphology of worm bodies and the tubes they produce for species representing 13 families of tube-dwelling polychaetes. In the tubes of most species there were macroscopic or nearly macroscopic (~10 μm–1 …
Trehalose Is A Chemical Attractant In The Establishment Of Coral Symbiosis, M. Hagedorn, V. Carter, N. Zuchowicz, M. Phillips, C. Penfield, B. Shamenek, Elizabeth A. Vallen, F. W. Kleinhans, K. Peterson, M. White, P. H. Yancey
Trehalose Is A Chemical Attractant In The Establishment Of Coral Symbiosis, M. Hagedorn, V. Carter, N. Zuchowicz, M. Phillips, C. Penfield, B. Shamenek, Elizabeth A. Vallen, F. W. Kleinhans, K. Peterson, M. White, P. H. Yancey
Biology Faculty Works
Coral reefs have evolved with a crucial symbiosis between photosynthetic dinoflagellates (genus Symbiodinium) and their cnidarian hosts (Scleractinians). Most coral larvae take up Symbiodinium from their environment; however, the earliest steps in this process have been elusive. Here we demonstrate that the disaccharide trehalose may be an important signal from the symbiont to potential larval hosts. Symbiodinium freshly isolated from Fungia scutaria corals constantly released trehalose (but not sucrose, maltose or glucose) into seawater, and released glycerol only in the presence of coral tissue. Spawning Fungia adults increased symbiont number in their immediate area by excreting pellets of Symbiodinium, and …
Proteomic Analysis Of Cardiac Response To Thermal Acclimation In The Eurythermal Goby Fish Gillichthys Mirabilis, W. Wesley Dowd, Nishad Jayasundara, Lars Tomanek, George N. Somero
Proteomic Analysis Of Cardiac Response To Thermal Acclimation In The Eurythermal Goby Fish Gillichthys Mirabilis, W. Wesley Dowd, Nishad Jayasundara, Lars Tomanek, George N. Somero
Biology Faculty Works
Cardiac function is thought to play a central role in determining thermal optima and tolerance limits in teleost fishes. Investigating proteomic responses to temperature in cardiac tissues may provide insights into mechanisms supporting the thermal plasticity of cardiac function. Here, we utilized a global proteomic analysis to investigate changes in cardiac protein abundance in response to temperature acclimation (transfer from 13°C to 9, 19 and 26°C) in a eurythermal goby, Gillichthys mirabilis. Proteomic data revealed 122 differentially expressed proteins across acclimation groups, 37 of which were identified using tandem mass-spectrometry. These 37 proteins are involved in energy metabolism, mitochondrial regulation, …
Thermal Variation, Thermal Extremes And The Physiological Performance Of Individuals, W. Wesley Dowd, Felicia A. King, Mark W. Denny
Thermal Variation, Thermal Extremes And The Physiological Performance Of Individuals, W. Wesley Dowd, Felicia A. King, Mark W. Denny
Biology Faculty Works
In this review we consider how small-scale temporal and spatial variation in body temperature, and biochemical/physiological variation among individuals, affect the prediction of organisms’ performance in nature. For ‘normal’ body temperatures – benign temperatures near the species’ mean – thermal biology traditionally uses performance curves to describe how physiological capabilities vary with temperature. However, these curves, which are typically measured under static laboratory conditions, can yield incomplete or inaccurate predictions of how organisms respond to natural patterns of temperature variation. For example, scale transition theory predicts that, in a variable environment, peak average performance is lower and occurs at a …
Patterns Of Testosterone In Three Nearctic-Neotropical Migratory Songbirds During Spring Passage, Kristen M. Covino
Patterns Of Testosterone In Three Nearctic-Neotropical Migratory Songbirds During Spring Passage, Kristen M. Covino
Biology Faculty Works
Preparation for breeding may overlap extensively with vernal migration in long-distance migratory songbirds. Testosterone plays a central role in mediating this transition into breeding condition by facilitating changes to physiology and behavior. While changes in testosterone levels are well studied in captive migrants, these changes are less well known in free-living birds. We examined testosterone levels in free-living Nearctic-Neotropical migrants of three species during their vernal migration. Testosterone levels increased during the migratory period in males of all three species but significantly so in only two. Testosterone levels in females remained the same throughout their migration. Our results support the …
Fall Migratory Patterns Of The Blackpoll Warbler At A Continental Scale, Kristen M. Covino
Fall Migratory Patterns Of The Blackpoll Warbler At A Continental Scale, Kristen M. Covino
Biology Faculty Works
Blackpoll Warblers (Setophaga striata) breed across Canada and the northern United States and fly across the Atlantic Ocean to South America in fall. Studies of fall migration in this species have centered on the extensive overwater flights but have ignored other aspects of this migration, including potential geographic variation. We used Blackpoll Warbler banding records from 3 coastal (Atlantic seaboard) sites and 9 inland sites to study the fall migration. The sites covered a wide range of the species' geographic distribution during breeding and fall migration in North America. The data spanned the years 1967-2013, though the particular years sampled …
Mining The Phytomicrobiome To Understand How Bacterial Coinoculations Enhance Plant Growth, Nancy Fujishige
Mining The Phytomicrobiome To Understand How Bacterial Coinoculations Enhance Plant Growth, Nancy Fujishige
Biology Faculty Works
In previous work, we showed that coinoculating Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 128C53 and Bacillus simplex 30N-5 onto Pisum sativum L. roots resulted in better nodulation and increased plant growth. We now expand this research to include another alpha-rhizobial species as well as a beta-rhizobium, Burkholderia tuberum STM678. We first determined whether the rhizobia were compatible with B. simplex 30N-5 by cross-streaking experiments, and then Medicago truncatula and Melilotus alba were coinoculated with B. simplex 30N-5 and Sinorhizobium (Ensifer) meliloti to determine the effects on plant growth. Similarly, B. simplex 30N-5 and Bu. tuberum STM678 were coinoculated onto Macroptilium atropurpureum. The …
A Reliable Method For The Selection And Confirmation Of Transconjugants Of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Especially Plant-Associated Burkholderia Spp., Michelle Lum
Biology Faculty Works
Selectable markers, e.g., antibiotic resistance, for conjugation experiments are not always effective for slow-growing plant growth promoting bacteria such as Burkholderia. We used PCAT medium containing Congo Red for selecting Burkholderia transconjugants. This method allows for the reliable selection of transconjugants of these novel plant growth-promoting bacteria.
Mia40 Protein Serves As An Electron Sink In The Mia40-Erv1 Import Pathway, Sonya E. Neal, Deepa V. Dabir, Heather L. Tienson, Darryl M. Horn, Kathrin Glaeser, Rachel R. Ogozalek Loo, Antoni Barrientos, Carla M. Koehler
Mia40 Protein Serves As An Electron Sink In The Mia40-Erv1 Import Pathway, Sonya E. Neal, Deepa V. Dabir, Heather L. Tienson, Darryl M. Horn, Kathrin Glaeser, Rachel R. Ogozalek Loo, Antoni Barrientos, Carla M. Koehler
Biology Faculty Works
A redox-regulated import pathway consisting of Mia40 and Erv1 mediates the import of cysteine-rich proteins into the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Mia40 is the oxidoreductase that inserts two disulfide bonds into the substrate simultaneously. However, Mia40 has one redox-active cysteine pair, resulting in ambiguity about how Mia40 accepts numerous electrons during substrate oxidation. In this study, we have addressed the oxidation of Tim13 in vitro and in organello. Reductants such as glutathione and ascorbate inhibited both the oxidation of the substrate Tim13 in vitro and the import of Tim13 and Cmc1 into isolated mitochondria. In addition, a ternary complex consisting …