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Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Gli Function Is Essential For Motor Neuron Induction In Zebrafish, Rolf O. Karlstrom, Gary Vanderlaan, Oksana V. Tyurina, Anand Chandrasekhar
Gli Function Is Essential For Motor Neuron Induction In Zebrafish, Rolf O. Karlstrom, Gary Vanderlaan, Oksana V. Tyurina, Anand Chandrasekhar
Rolf O Karlstrom
The Gli family of zinc-finger transcription factors mediates Hedgehog (Hh) signaling in all vertebrates. However, their roles in ventral neural tube patterning, in particular motor neuron induction, appear to have diverged across species. For instance, cranial motor neurons are essentially lost in zebrafish detour (gli1−) mutants, whereas motor neuron development is unaffected in mouse single gli and some double gli knockouts. Interestingly, the expression of some Hh-regulated genes (ptc1, net1a, gli1) is mostly unaffected in the detour mutant hindbrain, suggesting that other Gli transcriptional activators may be involved. To better define the roles of the zebrafish gli genes in motor …
Hedgehog Regulated Slit Expression Determines Commissure And Glial Cell Position In The Zebrafish Forebrain, Michael J. F. Barresi, Lara D. Hutson, Chi-Bin Chien, Rolf O. Karlstrom
Hedgehog Regulated Slit Expression Determines Commissure And Glial Cell Position In The Zebrafish Forebrain, Michael J. F. Barresi, Lara D. Hutson, Chi-Bin Chien, Rolf O. Karlstrom
Rolf O Karlstrom
Three major axon pathways cross the midline of the vertebrate forebrain early in embryonic development: the postoptic commissure (POC), the anterior commissure (AC) and the optic nerve. We show that a small population of Gfap+ astroglia spans the midline of the zebrafish forebrain in the position of, and prior to, commissural and retinal axon crossing. These glial `bridges' form in regions devoid of the guidance molecules slit2 and slit3, although a subset of these glial cells express slit1a. We show that Hh signaling is required for commissure formation, glial bridge formation, and the restricted expression of the guidance molecules slit1a, …
Cobra, An Arabidopsis Extracellular Glycosyl-Phosphatidyl Inositol-Anchored Protein, Specifically Controls Highly Anisotropic Expansion Through Its Involvement In Cellulose Microfibril Orientation, François Roudier, Anita G. Fernandez, Miki Fujita, Regina Himmelspach, Georg H.H. Borner, Gary Schindelman, Shuang Song, Tobias Baskin, Paul Dupree, Geoffrey O. Wasteneys, Philip N. Benfey
Cobra, An Arabidopsis Extracellular Glycosyl-Phosphatidyl Inositol-Anchored Protein, Specifically Controls Highly Anisotropic Expansion Through Its Involvement In Cellulose Microfibril Orientation, François Roudier, Anita G. Fernandez, Miki Fujita, Regina Himmelspach, Georg H.H. Borner, Gary Schindelman, Shuang Song, Tobias Baskin, Paul Dupree, Geoffrey O. Wasteneys, Philip N. Benfey
Tobias Baskin
The orientation of cell expansion is a process at the heart of plant morphogenesis. Cellulose microfibrils are the primary anisotropic material in the cell wall and thus are likely to be the main determinant of the orientation of cell expansion. COBRA (COB) has been identified previously as a potential regulator of cellulose biogenesis. In this study, characterization of a null allele, cob-4, establishes the key role of COB in controlling anisotropic expansion in most developing organs. Quantitative polarized-light and field-emission scanning electron microscopy reveal that loss of anisotropic expansion in cob mutants is accompanied by disorganization of the orientation of …
Zebrafish Bandoneon Mutants Display Behavioral Defects Due To A Mutation In The Glycine Receptor Β Subunit, Gerald B. Downes, Hiromi Hirata, Louis Saint-Amant, Wilson W. Cui, Weibin Zhou, Michael Granato, John Y. Kuwada
Zebrafish Bandoneon Mutants Display Behavioral Defects Due To A Mutation In The Glycine Receptor Β Subunit, Gerald B. Downes, Hiromi Hirata, Louis Saint-Amant, Wilson W. Cui, Weibin Zhou, Michael Granato, John Y. Kuwada
Gerald B. Downes
Bilateral alternation of muscle contractions requires reciprocal inhibition between the two sides of the hindbrain and spinal cord, and disruption of this inhibition should lead to simultaneous activation of bilateral muscles. At 1 day after fertilization, wild-type zebrafish respond to mechanosensory stimulation with multiple fast alternating trunk contractions, whereas bandoneon (beo) mutants contract trunk muscles on both sides simultaneously. Similar simultaneous contractions are observed in wild-type embryos treated with strychnine, a blocker of the inhibitory glycine receptor (GlyR). This result suggests that glycinergic synaptic transmission is defective in beo mutants. Muscle voltage recordings confirmed that muscles on both sides of …
Regulation Of Prokineticin 2 Expression By Light And The Circadian Clock, Michelle Y. Cheng, Eric L. Bittman, Samer Hattar, Qun Yong Zhou
Regulation Of Prokineticin 2 Expression By Light And The Circadian Clock, Michelle Y. Cheng, Eric L. Bittman, Samer Hattar, Qun Yong Zhou
Eric L. Bittman
Background: The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) contains the master circadian clock that regulates daily rhythms of many physiological and behavioural processes in mammals. Previously we have shown that prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a clock-controlled gene that may function as a critical SCN output molecule responsible for circadian locomotor rhythms. As light is the principal zeitgeber that entrains the circadian oscillator, and PK2 expression is responsive to nocturnal light pulses, we further investigated the effects of light on the molecular rhythm of PK2 in the SCN. In particular, we examined how PK2 responds to shifts of light/dark cycles and changes in photoperiod. …
Cobra, An Arabidopsis Extracellular Glycosyl-Phosphatidyl Inositol-Anchored Protein, Specifically Controls Highly Anisotropic Expansion Through Its Involvement In Cellulose Microfibril Orientation, F Roudier, Ag Fernandez, M Fujita, R Himmelspach, Ghh Borner, G Schindelman, S Song, Ti Baskin, P Dupree, Go Wasteneys, Pn Benfey
Cobra, An Arabidopsis Extracellular Glycosyl-Phosphatidyl Inositol-Anchored Protein, Specifically Controls Highly Anisotropic Expansion Through Its Involvement In Cellulose Microfibril Orientation, F Roudier, Ag Fernandez, M Fujita, R Himmelspach, Ghh Borner, G Schindelman, S Song, Ti Baskin, P Dupree, Go Wasteneys, Pn Benfey
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.
Hedgehog Regulated Slit Expression Determines Commissure And Glial Cell Position In The Zebrafish Forebrain, Michael J.F. Barresi, Lara D. Hutson, Chi Bin Chien, Rolf O. Karlstrom
Hedgehog Regulated Slit Expression Determines Commissure And Glial Cell Position In The Zebrafish Forebrain, Michael J.F. Barresi, Lara D. Hutson, Chi Bin Chien, Rolf O. Karlstrom
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
Three major axon pathways cross the midline of the vertebrate forebrain early in embryonic development: the postoptic commissure (POC), the anterior commissure (AC) and the optic nerve. We show that a small population of Gfap+astroglia spans the midline of the zebrafish forebrain in the position of, and prior to, commissural and retinal axon crossing. These glial `bridges' form in regions devoid of the guidance molecules slit2 and slit3,although a subset of these glial cells express slit1a. We show that Hh signaling is required for commissure formation, glial bridge formation, and the restricted expression of the guidance molecules slit1a …
What Is Apical And What Is Basal In Plant Root Development?, F Baluska, Pw Barlow, Ti Baskin, Rj Chen, L Feldman, Bg Forde, M Geisler, J Jernstedt, D Menzel, Gk Muday, A Murphy, J Samaj, D Volkmann
What Is Apical And What Is Basal In Plant Root Development?, F Baluska, Pw Barlow, Ti Baskin, Rj Chen, L Feldman, Bg Forde, M Geisler, J Jernstedt, D Menzel, Gk Muday, A Murphy, J Samaj, D Volkmann
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.
Cell Wall Extension Results In The Coordinate Separation Of Parallel Microfibrils: Evidence From Scanning Electron Microscopy And Atomic Force Microscopy, F Marga, M Grandbois, Dj Cosgrove, Ti Baskin
Cell Wall Extension Results In The Coordinate Separation Of Parallel Microfibrils: Evidence From Scanning Electron Microscopy And Atomic Force Microscopy, F Marga, M Grandbois, Dj Cosgrove, Ti Baskin
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.
Aberrant Cell Plate Formation In The Arabidopsis Thaliana Microtubule Organization 1 Mutant, Ep Eleftheriou, Ti Baskin, Pk Hepler
Aberrant Cell Plate Formation In The Arabidopsis Thaliana Microtubule Organization 1 Mutant, Ep Eleftheriou, Ti Baskin, Pk Hepler
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.
Differential Control Of Peripheral Circadian Rhythms By Suprachiasmatic-Dependent Neural Signals, Hn Guo, Jm Brewer, A Champhekar, Rbs Harris, El Bittman
Differential Control Of Peripheral Circadian Rhythms By Suprachiasmatic-Dependent Neural Signals, Hn Guo, Jm Brewer, A Champhekar, Rbs Harris, El Bittman
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.
Organization Of The Pronephric Filtration Apparatus In Zebrafish Requires Nephrin, Podocin And The Ferm Domain Protein Mosaic Eyes, Albrecht G. Kramer-Zucker, Stephanie Wiessner, Abbie M. Jensen, Iain A. Drummond
Organization Of The Pronephric Filtration Apparatus In Zebrafish Requires Nephrin, Podocin And The Ferm Domain Protein Mosaic Eyes, Albrecht G. Kramer-Zucker, Stephanie Wiessner, Abbie M. Jensen, Iain A. Drummond
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
Podocytes are specialized cells of the kidney that form the blood filtration barrier in the kidney glomerulus. The barrier function of podocytes depends upon the development of specialized cell–cell adhesion complexes called slit-diaphragms that form between podocyte foot processes surrounding glomerular blood vessels. Failure of the slit-diaphragm to form results in leakage of high molecular weight proteins into the blood filtrate and urine, a condition called proteinuria. In this work, we test whether the zebrafish pronephros can be used as an assay system for the development of glomerular function with the goal of identifying novel components of the slit-diaphragm. We …
Gli Function Is Essential For Motor Neuron Induction In Zebrafish, Gary Vanderlaan, Oksana V. Tyurina, Rolf O. Karlstrom, Anand Chandrasekhar
Gli Function Is Essential For Motor Neuron Induction In Zebrafish, Gary Vanderlaan, Oksana V. Tyurina, Rolf O. Karlstrom, Anand Chandrasekhar
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.
Histone H1 Is Essential For Mitotic Chromosome Architecture And Segregation In Xenopus Laevis Egg Extracts, Thomas J. Maresca, J. Yan, D. Skoko, R. Heald, J. F. Marco
Histone H1 Is Essential For Mitotic Chromosome Architecture And Segregation In Xenopus Laevis Egg Extracts, Thomas J. Maresca, J. Yan, D. Skoko, R. Heald, J. F. Marco
Thomas J. Maresca
During cell division, condensation and resolution of chromosome arms and the assembly of a functional kinetochore at the centromere of each sister chromatid are essential steps for accurate segregation of the genome by the mitotic spindle, yet the contribution of individual chromatin proteins to these processes is poorly understood. We have investigated the role of embryonic linker histone H1 during mitosis in Xenopus laevis egg extracts. Immunodepletion of histone H1 caused the assembly of aberrant elongated chromosomes that extended off the metaphase plate and outside the perimeter of the spindle. Although functional kinetochores assembled, aligned, and exhibited poleward movement, long …
Rapid Array Mapping Of Circadian Clock And Developmental Mutations In Arabidopsis, Samuel P. Hazen, J. O. Borevitz, F. G. Harmon, J. L. Pruneda-Paz, T. F. Schultz, M. J. Yanovsky, S. J. Liljegren, J. R. Ecker, S. A. Kay
Rapid Array Mapping Of Circadian Clock And Developmental Mutations In Arabidopsis, Samuel P. Hazen, J. O. Borevitz, F. G. Harmon, J. L. Pruneda-Paz, T. F. Schultz, M. J. Yanovsky, S. J. Liljegren, J. R. Ecker, S. A. Kay
Samuel P Hazen
Classical forward genetics, the identification of genes responsible for mutant phenotypes, remains an important part of functional characterization of the genome. With the advent of extensive genome sequence, phenotyping and genotyping remain the critical limiting variables in the process of map-based cloning. Here, we reduce the genotyping problem by hybridizing labeled genomic DNA to the Affymetrix Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ATH1 GeneChip. Genotyping was carried out on the scale of detecting greater than 8,000 single feature polymorphisms from over 200,000 loci in a single assay. By combining this technique with bulk segregant analysis, several high heritability development and circadian clock traits …
Extreme Impact And Cavitation Forces Of A Biological Hammer: Strike Forces Of The Peacock Mantis Shrimp Odontodactylus Scyllarus, Sheila Patek, R. L. Caldwell
Extreme Impact And Cavitation Forces Of A Biological Hammer: Strike Forces Of The Peacock Mantis Shrimp Odontodactylus Scyllarus, Sheila Patek, R. L. Caldwell
Sheila Patek
Mantis shrimp are renowned for their unusual method of breaking shells with brief, powerful strikes of their raptorial appendages. Due to the extreme speeds of these strikes underwater, cavitation occurs between their appendages and hard-shelled prey. Here we examine the magnitude and relative contribution of the impact and cavitation forces generated by the peacock mantis shrimp Odontodactylus scyllarus. We present the surprising finding that each strike generates two brief, high-amplitude force peaks, typically 390–480 μs apart. Based on high-speed imaging, force measurements and acoustic analyses, it is evident that the first force peak is caused by the limb's impact and …
Vernalization Sensitivity In Arabidopsis Thaliana (Brassicaceae): The Effects Of Latitude And Flc Variation, Ana Lucia Caicedo, M. D. Purugganan, C. Mays, R. Hopkins, J. R. Stinchcombe, J. Schmitt, J. R. Stichcombe
Vernalization Sensitivity In Arabidopsis Thaliana (Brassicaceae): The Effects Of Latitude And Flc Variation, Ana Lucia Caicedo, M. D. Purugganan, C. Mays, R. Hopkins, J. R. Stinchcombe, J. Schmitt, J. R. Stichcombe
Ana Lucia Caicedo
Latitudinal variation in climate is predicted to select for latitudinal differentiation in sensitivity to the environmental cues that signal plants to flower at the appropriate time for a given climate. In Arabidopsis thaliana, flowering is promoted by exposure to cold temperatures (vernalization), and several vernalization pathway loci are known. To test whether natural variation in vernalization sensitivity could account for a previously observed latitudinal cline in flowering time in A. thaliana, we exposed 21 European accessions to 0, 10, 20, or 30 d of vernalization and observed leaf number at flowering under short days in a growth chamber. We observed …
The Offloading Model For Dynein Function Differential Function Of Motor Subunits, Wei-Lih Lee, M. A. Kaiser, J. A. Cooper
The Offloading Model For Dynein Function Differential Function Of Motor Subunits, Wei-Lih Lee, M. A. Kaiser, J. A. Cooper
Wei-Lih Lee
During mitosis in budding yeast, dynein moves the mitotic spindle into the mother-bud neck. We have proposed an offloading model to explain how dynein works. Dynein is targeted to the dynamic plus end of a cytoplasmic microtubule, offloads to the cortex, becomes anchored and activated, and then pulls on the microtubule. Here, we perform functional studies of dynein intermediate chain (IC) and light intermediate chain (LIC). IC/Pac11 and LIC/Dyn3 are both essential for dynein function, similar to the heavy chain (HC/Dyn1). IC and LIC are targeted to the distal plus ends of dynamic cytoplasmic microtubules, as is HC, and their …
Comparative Plant Genomics. Frontiers And Prospects, Ana Lucia Caicedo, M. D. Purugganan
Comparative Plant Genomics. Frontiers And Prospects, Ana Lucia Caicedo, M. D. Purugganan
Ana Lucia Caicedo
No abstract provided.
Potential Roles For Bmp And Pax Genes In The Development Of Iris Smooth Muscle, Abbie M. Jensen
Potential Roles For Bmp And Pax Genes In The Development Of Iris Smooth Muscle, Abbie M. Jensen
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
The embryonic optic cup generates four types of tissue: neural retina, pigmented epithelium, ciliary epithelium, and iris smooth muscle. Remarkably little attention has focused on the development of the iris smooth muscle since Lewis ([1903] J. Am. Anat. 2:405–416) described its origins from the anterior rim of the optic cup neuroepithelium. As an initial step toward understanding iris smooth muscle development, I first determined the spatial and temporal pattern of the development of the iris smooth muscle in the chick by using the HNK1 antibody, which labels developing iris smooth muscle. HNK1 labeling shows that iris smooth muscle …
Directional Cell Expansion - Turning Toward Actin, A Bannigan, Ti Baskin
Directional Cell Expansion - Turning Toward Actin, A Bannigan, Ti Baskin
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.
Microtubule-Dependent Microtubule Nucleation Based On Recruitment Of Gamma-Tubulin In Higher Plants, T Murata, S Sonobe, Ti Baskin, S Hyodo, S Hasezawa, T Nagata, T Horio, M Hasebe
Microtubule-Dependent Microtubule Nucleation Based On Recruitment Of Gamma-Tubulin In Higher Plants, T Murata, S Sonobe, Ti Baskin, S Hyodo, S Hasezawa, T Nagata, T Horio, M Hasebe
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.
Enhanced Fixation Reveals The Apical Cortical Fringe Of Actin Filaments As A Consistent Feature Of The Pollen Tube, A Lovy-Wheeler, Kl Wilsen, Ti Baskin, Pk Hepler
Enhanced Fixation Reveals The Apical Cortical Fringe Of Actin Filaments As A Consistent Feature Of The Pollen Tube, A Lovy-Wheeler, Kl Wilsen, Ti Baskin, Pk Hepler
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.
Regulation Of Prokineticin 2 Expression By Light And The Circadian Clock, My Cheng, El Bittman, S Hattar, Qy Zhou
Regulation Of Prokineticin 2 Expression By Light And The Circadian Clock, My Cheng, El Bittman, S Hattar, Qy Zhou
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.