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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Regulation Of Growth Anisotropy In Well Watered And Water-Stressed Maize Roots. Ii. Role Of Cortical Microtubules And Cellulose Microfibrils, Tobias Baskin, H.T.H.M Meekes, B.M Liang, R.E. Sharp
Regulation Of Growth Anisotropy In Well Watered And Water-Stressed Maize Roots. Ii. Role Of Cortical Microtubules And Cellulose Microfibrils, Tobias Baskin, H.T.H.M Meekes, B.M Liang, R.E. Sharp
Tobias Baskin
We tested the hypothesis that the degree of anisotropic expansion of plant tissues is controlled by the degree of alignment of cortical microtubules or cellulose microfibrils. Previously, for the primary root of maize (Zea mays L.), we quantified spatial profiles of expansion rate in length, radius, and circumference and the degree of growth anisotropy separately for the stele and cortex, as roots became thinner with time from germination or in response to low water potential (B.M. Liang, A.M. Dennings, R.E. Sharp, T.I. Baskin [1997] Plant Physiol 115:101–111). Here, for the same material, we quantified microtubule alignment with indirect immunofluorescence microscopy …
Diversity And Molecular Evolution Of The Rps2 Resistance Gene In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Ana Lucia Caicedo
Diversity And Molecular Evolution Of The Rps2 Resistance Gene In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Ana Lucia Caicedo
Ana Lucia Caicedo
The RPS2 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana governs resistance to strains of the bacterial pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, that express the avrRpt2 gene. The two loci are involved in a gene-for-gene interaction. Seventeen accessions of A. thaliana were sequenced to explore the diversity present in the coding region of the RPS2 locus. An unusually high level of nucleotide polymorphisms was found (1.26%), with nearly half of the observed polymorphisms resulting in amino acid changes in the RPS2 protein. Seven haplotypes (alleles) were identified and their evolutionary relationships deduced. Several of the alleles conferring resistance were found to be closely related, …
Lepidopteran Dalp, And Its Mammalian Ortholog Hic-5, Function As Negative Regulators Of Muscle Differentiation, Lawrence M. Schwartz, Y. Hu, P. Cascone, L. Cheng, D. Sun, J. R. Nambu
Lepidopteran Dalp, And Its Mammalian Ortholog Hic-5, Function As Negative Regulators Of Muscle Differentiation, Lawrence M. Schwartz, Y. Hu, P. Cascone, L. Cheng, D. Sun, J. R. Nambu
Lawrence M. Schwartz
During myogenesis, reductions in trophic factor availability signal most myoblasts to fuse, up-regulate the expression of muscle-specific genes, and form myotubes. Those cells failing to differentiate into myotubes initiate apoptosis and rapidly die. At present, the signal-transduction molecules that determine whether myoblasts should differentiate or die are largely unknown. In this report, we describe the cloning and characterization of DALP, a small LIM-only type zinc-finger protein that is induced when the intersegmental muscles (ISMs) of the moth Manduca sexta become committed to die at the end of metamorphosis. Forced expression of death-associated LIM-only protein (DALP) in Drosophila results in skeletal …
Comparative Three-Dimensional Kinematics Of The Hindlimb For High-Speed Bipedal And Quadrupedal Locomotion Of Lizards, Duncan J. Irschick, B. C. Jayne
Comparative Three-Dimensional Kinematics Of The Hindlimb For High-Speed Bipedal And Quadrupedal Locomotion Of Lizards, Duncan J. Irschick, B. C. Jayne
Duncan J. Irschick
Although lizards have been model organisms for testing locomotor performance and in ecomorphological studies, the limb movements of lizards during high-speed locomotion are poorly understood. Thus, we quantified the three-dimensional kinematics of the hindlimb, body and tail for five morphologically distinct species of lizard during steady-speed locomotion near maximum sprinting speed (2–5 m s-1). The kinematics of different species had little multivariate overlap. More than half of the strides of all species had digitigrade foot posture, but the frequency of using digitigrade foot posture varied among species. The combination of digitigrade foot posture and large foot size of the lizards …