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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Npc1 Deficiency Impairs Cerebellar Postnatal Development Of Microglia And Climbing Fiber Refinement In A Mouse Model Of Niemann–Pick Disease Type C, B. R. Boyle, S. E. Melli, R. S. Altreche, Z. M. Padron, F. A. K. Yousufzai, S. Kim, M. D. Vasquez, Dawn M. Carone, B. R. Carone, I. Soto
Npc1 Deficiency Impairs Cerebellar Postnatal Development Of Microglia And Climbing Fiber Refinement In A Mouse Model Of Niemann–Pick Disease Type C, B. R. Boyle, S. E. Melli, R. S. Altreche, Z. M. Padron, F. A. K. Yousufzai, S. Kim, M. D. Vasquez, Dawn M. Carone, B. R. Carone, I. Soto
Biology Faculty Works
Little is known about the effects of NPC1 deficiency in brain development and whether these effects contribute to neurodegeneration in Niemann–Pick disease type C (NPC). Degeneration of cerebellar Purkinje cells occurs at an earlier stage and to a greater extent in NPC; therefore, we analyzed the effect of NPC1 deficiency on microglia and on climbing fiber synaptic refinement during cerebellar postnatal development using the Npc1ⁿᵐᶠ¹⁶⁴ mouse. Our analysis revealed that NPC1 deficiency leads to early phenotypic changes in microglia that are not associated with an innate immune response. However, the lack of NPC1 in Npc1ⁿᵐᶠ¹⁶⁴ mice significantly affected the early …
Wnt Signaling Determines Body Axis Polarity In Regenerating Hydra Tissue Fragments, R. Wang, R. E. Steele, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Wnt Signaling Determines Body Axis Polarity In Regenerating Hydra Tissue Fragments, R. Wang, R. E. Steele, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Biology Faculty Works
How an animal establishes its body axis is a fundamental question in developmental biology. The freshwater cnidarian Hydra is an attractive model for studying axis formation because it is radially symmetric, with a single oral-aboral axis. It was recently proposed that the orientation of the new body axis in a regenerating Hydra polyp is determined by the oral-aboral orientation of the actin-myosin contractile processes (myonemes) in the animal’s outer epithelial layer. However, it remained unclear how the oral-aboral polarity of the body axis would be defined. As Wnt signaling is known to control axis polarity in Hydra and bilaterians, we …
Arabidopsis Heat Shock Granules Exhibit Dynamic Cellular Behavior And Can Form In Response To Protein Misfolding In The Absence Of Elevated Temperatures, Rosalie Lawrence , '12, Nicholas J. Kaplinsky
Arabidopsis Heat Shock Granules Exhibit Dynamic Cellular Behavior And Can Form In Response To Protein Misfolding In The Absence Of Elevated Temperatures, Rosalie Lawrence , '12, Nicholas J. Kaplinsky
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Deploying Big Data To Crack The Genotype To Phenotype Code, E. L. Westerman, S. E. J. Bowman, Bradley Justin Davidson , '91, M. C. Davis, E. R. Larson, C. Sanford
Deploying Big Data To Crack The Genotype To Phenotype Code, E. L. Westerman, S. E. J. Bowman, Bradley Justin Davidson , '91, M. C. Davis, E. R. Larson, C. Sanford
Biology Faculty Works
Mechanistically connecting genotypes to phenotypes is a longstanding and central mission of biology. Deciphering these connections will unite questions and datasets across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Although high-throughput sequencing has provided a rich platform on which to launch this effort, tools for deciphering mechanisms further along the genome to phenome pipeline remain limited. Machine learning approaches and other emerging computational tools hold the promise of augmenting human efforts to overcome these obstacles. This vision paper is the result of a Reintegrating Biology Workshop, bringing together the perspectives of integrative and comparative biologists to survey challenges and opportunities in …
Evolution Of Feeding Shapes Swimming Kinematics Of Barnacle Naupliar Larvae: A Comparison Between Trophic Modes, J. Y. Wong, B. K. K. Chan, Kit Yu Karen Chan
Evolution Of Feeding Shapes Swimming Kinematics Of Barnacle Naupliar Larvae: A Comparison Between Trophic Modes, J. Y. Wong, B. K. K. Chan, Kit Yu Karen Chan
Biology Faculty Works
A central goal in evolutionary biology is connecting morphological features with ecological functions. For marine invertebrate larvae, appendage movement determines locomotion, feeding, and predator avoidance ability. Barnacle larvae are morphologically diverse, and the morphology of non-feeding lecithotrophic nauplii are distinct from those that are planktotrophic. Lecithotrophic larvae have a more globular body shape and simplified appendages when compared with planktotrophs. However, little is known about whether and how such morphological changes affect kinematics, hydrodynamics, and ecological functions. Here, we compared the nauplii kinematics and hydrodynamics of a lecithotrophic Rhizocephalan species, Polyascus planus, against that of the planktotrophic nauplii of an …
Dugesia Japonica Is The Best Suited Of Three Planarian Species For High-Throughput Toxicology Screening, D. Ireland, Veronica Bochenek , '22, Daniel Chaiken , '20, C. Rabeler, Sumi Onoe , '21, Ameet Soni, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Dugesia Japonica Is The Best Suited Of Three Planarian Species For High-Throughput Toxicology Screening, D. Ireland, Veronica Bochenek , '22, Daniel Chaiken , '20, C. Rabeler, Sumi Onoe , '21, Ameet Soni, Eva-Maria S. Collins
Biology Faculty Works
High-throughput screening (HTS) using new approach methods is revolutionizing toxicology. Asexual freshwater planarians are a promising invertebrate model for neurotoxicity HTS because their diverse behaviors can be used as quantitative readouts of neuronal function. Currently, three planarian species are commonly used in toxicology research: Dugesia japonica, Schmidtea mediterranea, and Girardia tigrina. However, only D. japonica has been demonstrated to be suitable for HTS. Here, we assess the two other species for HTS suitability by direct comparison with D. japonica. Through quantitative assessments of morphology and multiple behaviors, we assayed the effects of 4 common solvents (DMSO, …
Temporal Variability Modulates Ph Impact On Larval Sea Urchin Development: Themed Issue Article: Biomechanics And Climate Change, Kit Yu Karen Chan, C. S. D. Tong , '20
Temporal Variability Modulates Ph Impact On Larval Sea Urchin Development: Themed Issue Article: Biomechanics And Climate Change, Kit Yu Karen Chan, C. S. D. Tong , '20
Biology Faculty Works
Coastal organisms reside in highly dynamic habitats. Global climate change is expected to alter not only the mean of the physical conditions experienced but also the frequencies and/or the magnitude of fluctuations of environmental factors. Understanding responses in an ecologically relevant context is essential for formulating management strategies. In particular, there are increasing suggestions that exposure to fluctuations could alleviate the impact of climate change-related stressors by selecting for plasticity that may help acclimatization to future conditions. However, it remains unclear whether the presence of fluctuations alone is sufficient to confer such effects or whether the pattern of the fluctuations …
Inferring Tunicate Relationships And The Evolution Of The Tunicate Hox Cluster With The Genome Of Corella Inflata, M. B. Debiasse, William N. Colgan , '19, Lincoln J. Harris , '17, Bradley Justin Davidson , '91, J. F. Ryan
Inferring Tunicate Relationships And The Evolution Of The Tunicate Hox Cluster With The Genome Of Corella Inflata, M. B. Debiasse, William N. Colgan , '19, Lincoln J. Harris , '17, Bradley Justin Davidson , '91, J. F. Ryan
Biology Faculty Works
Tunicates, the closest living relatives of vertebrates, have served as a foundational model of early embryonic development for decades. Comparative studies of tunicate phylogeny and genome evolution provide a critical framework for analyzing chordate diversification and the emergence of vertebrates. Towards this goal, we sequenced the genome of Corella inflata (Ascidiacea, Phlebobranchia), so named for the capacity to brood self-fertilized embryos in a modified, “inflated” atrial chamber. Combining the new genome sequence for Co. inflata with publicly available tunicate data, we estimated a tunicate species phylogeny, reconstructed the ancestral Hox gene cluster at important nodes in the tunicate tree, and …
Probing The Function Of Long Noncoding Rnas In The Nucleus, Sajal Medha K. Akkipeddi , '20, A. J. Velleca, Dawn M. Carone
Probing The Function Of Long Noncoding Rnas In The Nucleus, Sajal Medha K. Akkipeddi , '20, A. J. Velleca, Dawn M. Carone
Biology Faculty Works
The nucleus is a highly organized and dynamic environment where regulation and coordination of processes such as gene expression and DNA replication are paramount. In recent years, noncoding RNAs have emerged as key participants in the regulation of nuclear processes. There are a multitude of functional roles for long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), mediated through their ability to act as molecular scaffolds bridging interactions with proteins, chromatin, and other RNA molecules within the nuclear environment. In this review, we discuss the diversity of techniques that have been developed to probe the function of nuclear lncRNAs, along with the ways in which …
Discovery Of Bilaterian-Type Through-Guts In Cloudinomorphs From The Terminal Ediacaran Period, J. D. Schiffbauer, T. Selly, S. M. Jacquet, Rachel Merz, L. L. Nelson, M. A. Strange, Y. Cai, E. F. Smith
Discovery Of Bilaterian-Type Through-Guts In Cloudinomorphs From The Terminal Ediacaran Period, J. D. Schiffbauer, T. Selly, S. M. Jacquet, Rachel Merz, L. L. Nelson, M. A. Strange, Y. Cai, E. F. Smith
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Toward A Symbiotic Perspective On Public Health: Recognizing The Ambivalence Of Microbes In The Anthropocene, S. Sariola, Scott F. Gilbert
Toward A Symbiotic Perspective On Public Health: Recognizing The Ambivalence Of Microbes In The Anthropocene, S. Sariola, Scott F. Gilbert
Biology Faculty Works
Microbes evolve in complex environments that are often fashioned, in part, by human desires. In a global perspective, public health has played major roles in structuring how microbes are perceived, cultivated, and destroyed. The germ theory of disease cast microbes as enemies of the body and the body politic. Antibiotics have altered microbial development by providing stringent natural selection on bacterial species, and this has led to the formation of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Public health perspectives such as “Precision Public Health” and “One Health” have recently been proposed to further manage microbial populations. However, neither of these take into account …
Metaphors For A New Body Politic: Gaia As Holobiont, Scott F. Gilbert
Metaphors For A New Body Politic: Gaia As Holobiont, Scott F. Gilbert
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.