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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
The Dilemma Of Foraging Herbivores: Dealing With Food And Fear, Clare Mcarthur, Peter B. Banks, Rudy Boonstra, Jennifer Sorensen Forbey
The Dilemma Of Foraging Herbivores: Dealing With Food And Fear, Clare Mcarthur, Peter B. Banks, Rudy Boonstra, Jennifer Sorensen Forbey
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
For foraging herbivores, both food quality and predation risk vary across the landscape. Animals should avoid low-quality food patches in favour of high-quality ones, and seek safe patches while avoiding risky ones. Herbivores often face the foraging dilemma, however, of choosing between high-quality food in risky places or low-quality food in safe places. Here, we explore how and why the interaction between food quality and predation risk affects foraging decisions of mammalian herbivores, focusing on browsers confronting plant toxins in a landscape of fear. We draw together themes of plant–herbivore and predator–prey interactions, and the roles of animal ecophysiology, behaviour …
The First Successful Use Of A Low Stringency Familial Match In A French Criminal Investigation, Emmanuel Pham-Hoai, Frank Crispino, Greg Hampikian
The First Successful Use Of A Low Stringency Familial Match In A French Criminal Investigation, Emmanuel Pham-Hoai, Frank Crispino, Greg Hampikian
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
We describe how a very simple application of familial searching resolved a decade-old, high-profile rape/murder in France. This was the first use of familial searching in a criminal case using the French STR DNA database, which contains approximately 1,800,000 profiles. When an unknown forensic profile (18 loci) was searched against the French arrestee/offender database using CODIS configured for a low stringency search, a single low stringency match was identified. This profile was attributed to the father of the man suspected to be the source of the semen recovered from the murder victim Elodie Kulik. The identification was confirmed using Y-chromosome …
Immunogenicity Of A West Nile Virus Diii-Cholera Toxin A2/B Chimera After Intranasal Delivery, Juliette K. Tinker, Jie Yan, Reece J. Knippel, Panos Panayiotou, Kenneth A. Cornell
Immunogenicity Of A West Nile Virus Diii-Cholera Toxin A2/B Chimera After Intranasal Delivery, Juliette K. Tinker, Jie Yan, Reece J. Knippel, Panos Panayiotou, Kenneth A. Cornell
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
West Nile virus (WNV) causes potentially fatal neuroinvasive disease and persists at endemic levels in many parts of the world. Despite advances in our understanding of WNV pathogenesis, there remains a significant need for a human vaccine. The domain III (DIII) region of the WNV envelope protein contains epitopes that are the target of neutralizing antibodies. We have constructed a chimeric fusion of the non-toxic cholera toxin (CT) CTA2/B domains to DIII for investigation as a novel mucosally-delivered WNV vaccine. Purification and assembly of the chimera, as well as receptor-binding and antigen delivery, were verified by western blot, …
Stüve-Wiedemann Syndrome: Lifr And Associated Cytokines In Clinical Course And Etiology, Dawn Mikelonis, Cheryl L. Jorcyk, Ken Tawara, Julia Thom Oxford
Stüve-Wiedemann Syndrome: Lifr And Associated Cytokines In Clinical Course And Etiology, Dawn Mikelonis, Cheryl L. Jorcyk, Ken Tawara, Julia Thom Oxford
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome (STWS; OMIM #610559) is a rare bent-bone dysplasia that includes radiologic bone anomalies, respiratory distress, feeding difficulties, and hyperthermic episodes. STWS usually results in infant mortality, yet some STWS patients survive into and, in some cases, beyond adolescence. STWS is caused by a mutation in the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) gene, which is inherited in an autosomally recessive pattern. Most LIFR mutations resulting in STWS are null mutations which cause instability of the mRNA and prevent the formation of LIFR, impairing the signaling pathway. LIFR signaling usually follows the JAK/STAT3 pathway, and is initiated by …
Apolipoprotein E Pathology In Vascular Dementia, Troy T. Rohn, Ryan J. Day, Colin B. Sheffield, Alexander J. Rajic, Wayne W. Poon
Apolipoprotein E Pathology In Vascular Dementia, Troy T. Rohn, Ryan J. Day, Colin B. Sheffield, Alexander J. Rajic, Wayne W. Poon
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common form of dementia and is currently defined as a cerebral vessel vascular disease leading to ischemic episodes. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) gene polymorphism has been proposed as a risk factor for VaD, however, to date there are few documented post-mortem studies on apoE pathology in the VaD brain. To investigate a potential role for the apoE protein, we analyzed seven confirmed cases of VaD by immunohistochemistry utilizing an antibody that specifically detects the amino-terminal fragment of apoE. Application of this antibody, termed N-terminal, apoE cleavage fragment (nApoECF) revealed consistent labeling within neurofibrillary tangles …
Morphologic And Molecular Description Of Metopus Fuscus Kahl From North America And New Rdna Sequences From Seven Metopids (Armophorea, Metopidae), William A. Bourland, Laura Wendell, Greg Hampikian
Morphologic And Molecular Description Of Metopus Fuscus Kahl From North America And New Rdna Sequences From Seven Metopids (Armophorea, Metopidae), William A. Bourland, Laura Wendell, Greg Hampikian
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Most species in the large ciliate genus Metopus Claparède & Lachmann, 1858 lack detailed descriptions based on modern morphologic and molecular methods. This lack of data for the vast majority of species hampers application of a morphospecies approach to the taxonomy of Metopus and other armophorids. In this report we redescribe the large species, Metopus fuscus Kahl, 1927 based on in vivo observation, silver impregnation, scanning electron microscopy, and single-cell 18S rDNA sequencing of a freshwater North American (Idaho) population. Metopus fuscus invariably has a perinuclear envelope of endosymbiotic bacteria not found in other species. Unlike the original description of …