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Biology

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Selected Works

1997

Articles 1 - 10 of 10

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Reinvigorating Introductory Biology: A Theme-Based, Investigative Approach To Teaching Biology Majors, Cynthia Norton, Lynne H. Gildensoph, Martha Phillips, Deborah Wygal, Kurt Olson, John Pellegrini, Kathleen Tweeten Oct 1997

Reinvigorating Introductory Biology: A Theme-Based, Investigative Approach To Teaching Biology Majors, Cynthia Norton, Lynne H. Gildensoph, Martha Phillips, Deborah Wygal, Kurt Olson, John Pellegrini, Kathleen Tweeten

Kurt Olson

No abstract provided.

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Spiroplasma Lineolae Sp. Nov., From The Horsefly Tabanus Lineola (Diptera : Tabanidae), Frank E. French, Robert F. Whitcomb, Joseph G. Tully, Patricia Carle, Joseph M. Bové, Roberta B. Henegar, Jean R. Adams, Gail E. Gasparich, David L. Williamson Sep 1997

Spiroplasma Lineolae Sp. Nov., From The Horsefly Tabanus Lineola (Diptera : Tabanidae), Frank E. French, Robert F. Whitcomb, Joseph G. Tully, Patricia Carle, Joseph M. Bové, Roberta B. Henegar, Jean R. Adams, Gail E. Gasparich, David L. Williamson

Gail Gasparich

Spiroplasma strain TALS-2T from the viscera of the striped horsefly, Tabanus lineola, collected in Georgia was serologically distinct from other Spiroplasma species, groups, putative groups, and subgroups. Light and electron microscopy of cells of strain TALS-2T revealed helical motile cells surrounded only by a single cytoplasmic membrane. The organism grew in M1D and SP-4 liquid media. Growth also occurred in 1% serum fraction medium and in conventional horse serum medium. Growth in liquid media was serum dependent. The strain passed through 220-nm filter pores, but was retained in filters with 100-nm pores. The optimum temperature for growth was 30°C. Multiplication …

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Collaborative Roles For C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase, C-Jun, Serum Response Factor, And Sp1 In Calcium-Regulated Myocardial Gene Expression, Patrick M. Mcdonough, Deanna S. Hanford, Amy B. Sprenkle, Noel R. Mellon, Christopher C. Glembotski Sep 1997

Collaborative Roles For C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase, C-Jun, Serum Response Factor, And Sp1 In Calcium-Regulated Myocardial Gene Expression, Patrick M. Mcdonough, Deanna S. Hanford, Amy B. Sprenkle, Noel R. Mellon, Christopher C. Glembotski

Amy Sprenkle

Electrical stimulation of contractions (pacing) of primary neonatal rat ventricular myocytes increases intracellular calcium and activates a hypertrophic growth program that includes expression of the cardiac-specific gene, atrial natriuretic factor (ANF). To investigate the mechanism whereby pacing increases ANF, pacing was tested for its ability to regulate mitogen-activated protein kinase family members, ANF promoter activity, and the trans-activation domain of the transcription factor, Sp1. Pacing and the calcium channel agonist BAYK 8644 activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Pacing stimulated ANF-promoter activity approximately 10-fold. Furthermore, transfection with an expression vector for c-Jun, a substrate for JNK, …

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Ms2 Coat Protein Mutants Which Bind Qβ Rna, Marc Spingola, David S. Peabody Jul 1997

Ms2 Coat Protein Mutants Which Bind Qβ Rna, Marc Spingola, David S. Peabody

Marc Spingola

The coat proteins of the RNA phages MS2 and Qβ are structurally homologous, yet they specifically bind different RNA structures. In an effort to identify the basis of RNA binding specificity we sought to isolate mutants that convert MS2 coat protein to the RNA binding specificity of Qβ. A library of mutations was created which selectively substitutes amino acids within the RNA binding site. Genetic selection for the ability to repress translation from the Qβ translational operator led to the isolation of several MS2 mutants that acquired binding activity for Qβ RNA. Some of these also had reduced abilities to …

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Spiroplasma Chrysopicola Sp. Nov., Spiroplasma Gladiatoris Sp. Nov., Spiroplasma Helicoides Sp. Nov., And Spiroplasma Tabanidicola Sp. Nov., From Tabanid (Diptera: Tabanidae) Flies, Robert F. Whitcomb, Frank E. French, Joseph G. Tully, Gail E. Gasparich, David L. Rose, Patricia Carle, Joseph M. Bove, Roberta B. Henegar, Meghnad Konai, Kevin J. Hackett, Jean R. Adams, Truman B. Clark, David L. Williamson Jun 1997

Spiroplasma Chrysopicola Sp. Nov., Spiroplasma Gladiatoris Sp. Nov., Spiroplasma Helicoides Sp. Nov., And Spiroplasma Tabanidicola Sp. Nov., From Tabanid (Diptera: Tabanidae) Flies, Robert F. Whitcomb, Frank E. French, Joseph G. Tully, Gail E. Gasparich, David L. Rose, Patricia Carle, Joseph M. Bove, Roberta B. Henegar, Meghnad Konai, Kevin J. Hackett, Jean R. Adams, Truman B. Clark, David L. Williamson

Gail Gasparich

Four spiroplasma strains, DF-1T, TG-1T, TABS-2T, and TAUS-1T, all of which were isolated from deerflies or horseflies (Diptera: Tabanidae), were serologically distinct from previously described spiroplasma species, groups, and subgroups. Strain DF-1Toriginated from a Maryland deerfly (Chrysops sp.); strain TG-1Twas isolated from a Maryland horsefly (Tabanus gladiator); strain TAUS-1Toriginated from a member of the Tabanus abdominalis-limbatinevris complex of horseflies collected in Maryland; and strain TABS-2Twas isolated from a horsefly (Tabanus abactor) collected in Oklahoma. Cells of all of the strains appeared to be helical and motile when they were examined by dark-field microscopy. Cells of strain DF-1Tgrowing in M1D medium …

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Anpassung - Kernpunkt Oder Mißverständnis Der Evolutionstheorie? [Adaptation - Essential Concept Or Misconception Of Evolutionary Biology?], Dieter Stefan Peters, Winfried Peters Dec 1996

Anpassung - Kernpunkt Oder Mißverständnis Der Evolutionstheorie? [Adaptation - Essential Concept Or Misconception Of Evolutionary Biology?], Dieter Stefan Peters, Winfried Peters

Winfried S. Peters

Die Grundzüge des Gesagten lassen sich folgendermaßen zusammenfassen:
- Die Organismen sind in der Evolution keine Objekte, sondern weitgehend autonome Subjekte. Die evolutive Transformation ihrer Konstruktion erfolgt nach Maßgabe ihrer jeweils bereits vorhandenen Strukturen.
- In Abhängigkeit von ihren jeweiligen konstruktiven Möglichkeiten wandern Organismen in Lebensräume ein und schaffen sich ihre Nischen. Was und wie eine ökologische Nische ist, bestimmt sich dabei vom Organismus her. Die Annahme, daß im Selektionsprozeß die Umwelt die Organismen sich anverwandelt, ist theoretisch unnötig, faktisch zweifelhaft, und darüberhinaus entgegen verbreiteter Ansicht von äußerst beschränktem Wert für die phylogenetische Forschungspraxis.
- Die Umwelt taugt nicht zur …

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Concerns And Priorities In Genetic Studies: Insights From Recent African American Biohistory, Fatimah Linda Collier Jackson Dec 1996

Concerns And Priorities In Genetic Studies: Insights From Recent African American Biohistory, Fatimah Linda Collier Jackson

Fatimah Linda Collier Jackson

No abstract provided.

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Effect Of Genome-Plastome Interaction On Meiosis And Pollen Development In Oenothera Species And Hybrids, Michael J. Chapman, David L. Mulcahy Dec 1996

Effect Of Genome-Plastome Interaction On Meiosis And Pollen Development In Oenothera Species And Hybrids, Michael J. Chapman, David L. Mulcahy

David L. Mulcahy

Oenothera villaricae Dietrich and Oe. picensis Dietrich, complete translocation heterozygotes, are fully interfertile, giving rise to six discrete classes of true­ breeding hybrids from a reciprocal cross. Associated with each parent and hybrid is a characteristic ab01tive non­ staining pollen fraction easily distinguished from fully developed pollen under the light microscope. Pollen abortion has been associated with translocation rings in other angiosperm species, and may characterize such sys­ tems. The abortive pollen fraction is significantly differ­ ent between reciprocal Oenothera hybrids, however (P<0.001), indicative of partial cytoplasmic control. Pol­ len abortion is most severe in the F 1 hybrid …

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Factors Influencing Maternal Behaviour In A Burrower Bug, Sehirus Cinctus (Heteroptera: Cydnidae), Scott Kight Dec 1996

Factors Influencing Maternal Behaviour In A Burrower Bug, Sehirus Cinctus (Heteroptera: Cydnidae), Scott Kight

Scott Kight

Female burrower bugs, Sehirus cinctus (Cydnidae), brood and provision their young. This study provides an integrative approach to insect parental behaviour by examining the influence of maternal experience on the maintenance and termination of maternal care. Intensity of care (maternal responsivity) was determined by assaying a subject’s response to tactile disturbance and by measuring time spent in proximity to young. First-brood mothers were highly responsive until 3 days after their eggs hatched. Second-brood mothers, however, were only responsive until 1–2 days post-hatching. This effect was associated with differences in age and parity, but not experience, because …

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The Spiroplasma Motility Inhibition Test, A New Method For Determining Intraspecific Variation Among Colorado Potato Beetle Spiroplasmas, Kevin J. Hackett, J. J. Lipa, G. E. Gasparich, D. E. Lynn, M. Konai, M. Camp, R. F. Whitcomb Dec 1996

The Spiroplasma Motility Inhibition Test, A New Method For Determining Intraspecific Variation Among Colorado Potato Beetle Spiroplasmas, Kevin J. Hackett, J. J. Lipa, G. E. Gasparich, D. E. Lynn, M. Konai, M. Camp, R. F. Whitcomb

Gail Gasparich

The Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, is a major holarctic pest of solanaceous crops. Presumably, this insect spread from Solanum species in central America to the Mexican plateau, and this was followed by multiple invasions of North America and Europe. Attempts are being made to control this beetle by using a genetically modified spiroplasma that occurs naturally in its gut. In the current study, spiroplasmas isolated from beetles collected in North America and Poland exhibited serologic (spiroplasma motility inhibition test) and genomic (restriction fragment length polymorphism) profiles that suggest that there were multiple spiroplasma introductions. Two serovars were identified; one …

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