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Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology

Selected Works

2010

Articles 1 - 15 of 15

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Molecular Cloning And Characterization Of The Porcine Fto Promoter And Coding Regions.Pdf, Jinming Huang, Yunzhou Yang, Gang Liu, Jibin Zhang, Xinxing Dong, Ying Bai, Meiying Fang Nov 2010

Molecular Cloning And Characterization Of The Porcine Fto Promoter And Coding Regions.Pdf, Jinming Huang, Yunzhou Yang, Gang Liu, Jibin Zhang, Xinxing Dong, Ying Bai, Meiying Fang

Jibin Zhang

The fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) has been widely reported to be associated with fat mass or fat deposition in different species. In the present study, we cloned both promoter and codingregions of the gene in pigs with over 5 Kb of sequence for the former region and 1,596 bp for the latter region. Comparative analysis of the promoter region among 20 species including pig revealed four conserved regions that harbor transcriptional factors involved in adipose differentiation. Using a pooled DNA sequencing approach, we discovered 39 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the pig FTO gene and four of them were …

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(1e,3e)-1,4-Bis(4-Methoxyphenyl)Buta1,3-Diene, Gopinathan Narayan, Nigam P. Rath, Suresh Das Oct 2010

(1e,3e)-1,4-Bis(4-Methoxyphenyl)Buta1,3-Diene, Gopinathan Narayan, Nigam P. Rath, Suresh Das

Nigam Rath

The title compound, C18H18O2, which exhibits blue emission in the solid state, is an inter­mediate in the preparation of liquid crystals and polymers. The mol­ecule is located on an inversion centre. In the crystal, mol­ecules are arranged in a herringbone motif.

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Mechanistic And Signaling Analysis Of Muc4-Erbb2 Signaling Module: New Insights Into The Mechanism Of Ligand-Independent Erbb2 Activity, Goldi Kozloski Sep 2010

Mechanistic And Signaling Analysis Of Muc4-Erbb2 Signaling Module: New Insights Into The Mechanism Of Ligand-Independent Erbb2 Activity, Goldi Kozloski

Goldi A Kozloski

The membrane mucin Muc4 is aberrantly expressed in numerous epithelial carcinomas and is currently used as a cancer diagnostic and prognostic tool. Muc4 can also potentiate signal transduction by modulating differential ErbB2 phosphorylation in the absence and in the presence of the ErbB3 soluble ligand heregulin (HRG-beta1). These features of Muc4 suggest that Muc4 is not merely a cancer marker, but an oncogenic factor with a unique-binding/activation relationship with the receptor ErbB2. In the present study, we examined the signaling mechanisms that are associated with the Muc4-ErbB2 module by analyzing ErbB2 differential signaling in response to Muc4 expression. Our study …

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Erythrocyte Aggregation And Neutrophil Function In An Aging Population, Rhys Christy, Oguz Baskurt, Gregory Gass, A. Gray, Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik Sep 2010

Erythrocyte Aggregation And Neutrophil Function In An Aging Population, Rhys Christy, Oguz Baskurt, Gregory Gass, A. Gray, Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik

A. Bon Gray

There are limited investigations which have examined the relationship between neutrophil activation and erythrocyte aggregation in older persons. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between neutrophil activation and erythrocyte aggregation (EA) in an aging population. Twenty-eight male and female subjects were allocated into one of four groups with 7 participants in each group (group 1, 20–29 years; group 2, 30–39 years; group 3, 40–49 years; group 4, 50–59 years). EA was determined using the Myrenne aggregometer. Neutrophil function (respiratory burst and phagocytic activity) was assessed using flow cytometry. EA was found to increase with age. …

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Lipid Profiling Reveals Tissue-Specific Differences For Ethanolamide Lipids In Mice Lacking Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase, Aruna Kilaru, Giorgis Isaac, Pamela Tamura, David Baxter, Scott R. Duncan, Barney J. Venables, Ruth Welti, Peter Koulen, Kent D. Chapman Aug 2010

Lipid Profiling Reveals Tissue-Specific Differences For Ethanolamide Lipids In Mice Lacking Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase, Aruna Kilaru, Giorgis Isaac, Pamela Tamura, David Baxter, Scott R. Duncan, Barney J. Venables, Ruth Welti, Peter Koulen, Kent D. Chapman

Aruna Kilaru

N‐Acylethanolamines (NAE) are fatty acid derivatives, some of which function as endocannabinoids in mammals. NAE metabolism involves common (phosphatidylethanolamines, PEs) and uncommon (N‐acylphosphatidylethanolamines, NAPEs) membrane phospholipids. Here we have identified and quantified more than a hundred metabolites in the NAE/endocannabinoid pathway in mouse brain and heart tissues, including many previously unreported molecular species of NAPE. We found that brain tissue of mice lacking fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH−/−) had elevated PE and NAPE molecular species in addition to elevated NAEs, suggesting that FAAH activity participates in the overall regulation of this pathway. This perturbation …

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Erythrocyte Aggregation And Neutrophil Function In An Aging Population, Rhys Christy, Oguz Baskurt, Gregory Gass, A. Gray, Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik Jul 2010

Erythrocyte Aggregation And Neutrophil Function In An Aging Population, Rhys Christy, Oguz Baskurt, Gregory Gass, A. Gray, Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik

Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik

There are limited investigations which have examined the relationship between neutrophil activation and erythrocyte aggregation in older persons. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between neutrophil activation and erythrocyte aggregation (EA) in an aging population. Twenty-eight male and female subjects were allocated into one of four groups with 7 participants in each group (group 1, 20–29 years; group 2, 30–39 years; group 3, 40–49 years; group 4, 50–59 years). EA was determined using the Myrenne aggregometer. Neutrophil function (respiratory burst and phagocytic activity) was assessed using flow cytometry. EA was found to increase with age. …

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2,4,6-Triphenyl­Aniline, Onome Ugono, Stephanie Cowin, Alicia M. Beatty Jul 2010

2,4,6-Triphenyl­Aniline, Onome Ugono, Stephanie Cowin, Alicia M. Beatty

Alicia Beatty

Individual mol­ecules of the title compound, C24H19N, do not participate in hydrogen-bonding inter­actions due to the steric bulk of the phenyl rings ortho to the amine. The dihedral angles between the central ring and the pendant rings are 68.26 (10), 55.28 (10) and 30.61 (11)°.

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Is The Curvature Of The Flagellum Involved In The Apparent Cooperativity Of The Dynein Arms Along The "9+2" Axoneme?, Christian Cibert, Andrei Ludu Jun 2010

Is The Curvature Of The Flagellum Involved In The Apparent Cooperativity Of The Dynein Arms Along The "9+2" Axoneme?, Christian Cibert, Andrei Ludu

Andrei Ludu

In a recent study [Cibert, 2008. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 253, 74-89], by assuming that the walls of microtubules are involved in cyclic compression/dilation equilibriums as a consequence of their cyclic curvature of the axoneme, it was proposed that local adjustments of spatial frequencies of both dynein arms and beta-tubulin monomers facing series create propagation of joint probability waves of interaction (JPI) between these two necessary partners. Modeling the occurrence of these interactions along the entire length of an axoneme between each outer doublet pair (without programming any cooperative dialog between the molecular complexes) and the cyclic attachment of two …

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Rna Processing Of Nitrogenase Transcripts In The Cyanobacterium Anabaena Variabilis, Justin L. Ungerer, Brenda S. Pratte, Teresa Thiel Jun 2010

Rna Processing Of Nitrogenase Transcripts In The Cyanobacterium Anabaena Variabilis, Justin L. Ungerer, Brenda S. Pratte, Teresa Thiel

Teresa Thiel

Little is known about the regulation of nitrogenase genes in cyanobacteria. Transcription of the nifH1 and vnfH genes, encoding dinitrogenase reductases for the heterocyst-specific Mo-nitrogenase and the alternative V-nitrogenase, respectively, was studied by using a lacZ reporter. Despite evidence for a transcription start site just upstream of nifH1 and vnfH, promoter fragments that included these start sites did not drive the transcription of lacZ and, for nifH1, did not drive the expression of nifHDK1. Further analysis using larger regions upstream of nifH1 indicated that a promoter within nifU1 and a promoter upstream of nifB1 both contributed to expression of nifHDK1, …

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Human Monocytes, Macrophages, And Dendritic Cells: Alcohol Treatment Methods, Gyongyi Szabo, Pranoti Mandrekar Apr 2010

Human Monocytes, Macrophages, And Dendritic Cells: Alcohol Treatment Methods, Gyongyi Szabo, Pranoti Mandrekar

Gyongyi Szabo

Both acute and chronic alcohol consumption have significant immunomodulatory effects of which alterations in innate immune functions contribute to impaired antimicrobial defense and inflammatory responses. Blood monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells play a central role in innate immune recognition as these cells recognize pathogens, respond with inflammatory cytokine production, and induce antigen-specific T-lymphocyte activation. All of these innate immune cell functions are affected in humans by alcohol intake. Here, we summarize the different effects of acute and chronic alcohol on monocyte, macrophage, and dendritic cell functions in humans and describe methods for separation and functional evaluation of these cell types.

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A Comparison Of Three Computer-Based Methods Used To Determine Emg Signal Amplitude, Doug Renshaw Mar 2010

A Comparison Of Three Computer-Based Methods Used To Determine Emg Signal Amplitude, Doug Renshaw

Doug Renshaw

No abstract provided.

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Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activities Of Essential Oil And Methanol Extract Of Jasminum Sambac From Djibouti, Fatou Abdoul-Latif, Prosper Edou, François Eba, Nabil Mohamed, Adwa Ali, Samatar Djama, Louis-Clément Obame, Mamoudou Hama Dicko Mar 2010

Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activities Of Essential Oil And Methanol Extract Of Jasminum Sambac From Djibouti, Fatou Abdoul-Latif, Prosper Edou, François Eba, Nabil Mohamed, Adwa Ali, Samatar Djama, Louis-Clément Obame, Mamoudou Hama Dicko

Pr. Mamoudou H. DICKO, PhD

The essential oil of jasminum sambac from Djibouti was subjected to screening for their possible antioxidant activity by two complementary test systems, namely DPPH free radical scavenging and beta-carotene-linoleic acid assays. Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was used as positive control in both test systems. In the DPPH test system, the IC50 value of essential oil and methanol extract were respectively 7.43 and 2.30 μg/ml. In the beta-carotene-linoleic acid system, oxidation was effectively inhibited by Jasminum sambac, the RAA value of essential oil and methanol extract were respectively 96.6 and 93.9%. When compared to BHT, the essential oil and methanol extract had …

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Putting Metal In The Middle, David Bollivar Mar 2010

Putting Metal In The Middle, David Bollivar

David Bollivar

Placing metal ions into the center of a porphyrin ring is a significant cellular challenge. Lundqvist et ai. (2010) provide snapshots of the AAA + motor unit of magnesium chelatase, an enzyme that insert magnesium ion into the porphyrin ring accompanied by ATP expenditure, in different states of binding to adenosyl nucleotides.

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Large Scale Reverse Genetics In Arabidopsis: Case Studies From The Chloroplast 2010 Project, Imad Ajjawi, Yan Lu, Linda Savage, Shannon Bell, Robert Last Jan 2010

Large Scale Reverse Genetics In Arabidopsis: Case Studies From The Chloroplast 2010 Project, Imad Ajjawi, Yan Lu, Linda Savage, Shannon Bell, Robert Last

Yan Lu

No abstract provided.

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Architecture Of The Potyviruses, Michele Mcdonald, Amy Kendall, Wen Bian, Ian Mccullough, Elizabeth Lio, Wendy Havens, Said Ghabrial, Gerald Stubbs Dec 2009

Architecture Of The Potyviruses, Michele Mcdonald, Amy Kendall, Wen Bian, Ian Mccullough, Elizabeth Lio, Wendy Havens, Said Ghabrial, Gerald Stubbs

Ian McCullough

X-ray fiber diffraction data were obtained and helical pitch and symmetry were determined for seven members of the family Potyviridae, including representatives from the genera Potyvirus, Rymovirus, and Tritimovirus. The diffraction patterns are similar, as expected. There are, however, significant variations in the symmetries, as previously found among the flexible potexviruses, but not among the rigid tobamoviruses. Wheat streak mosaic virus, the only member of the genus Tritimovirus examined, displayed the largest deviations in diffraction data and helical parameters from the other viruses in the group.

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