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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Supporting Information For: A Highly Efficient Form Of The Selenocysteine Insertion Sequence Element In Protozoan Parasites And Its Use In Mammalian Cells, Sergey V. Novoselov, Alexey V. Lobanov, Deame Hua, Marina V. Kasaikina, Dolph L. Hatfield, Vadim Gladyshev
Supporting Information For: A Highly Efficient Form Of The Selenocysteine Insertion Sequence Element In Protozoan Parasites And Its Use In Mammalian Cells, Sergey V. Novoselov, Alexey V. Lobanov, Deame Hua, Marina V. Kasaikina, Dolph L. Hatfield, Vadim Gladyshev
Vadim Gladyshev Publications
Selenoproteins are an elite group of proteins containing a rare amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec), encoded by the codon, UGA. In eukaryotes, incorporation of Sec requires a Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, a stem–loop structure located in the 3'-untranslated regions of selenoprotein mRNAs. Here we report identification of a noncanonical form of SECIS element in Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora canine, single-celled apicomplexan parasites of humans and domestic animals. This SECIS has a GGGA sequence in the SBP2-binding site in place of AUGA previously considered invariant. Using a combination of computational and molecular techniques, we show that Toxoplasma and Neospora possess …
Selenophosphate Synthetase 2 Is Essential For Selenoprotein Biosynthesis, Xue-Ming Xu, Bradley A. Carlson, Robert Irons, Heiko Mix, Nianxin Zhong, Vadim Gladyshev, Dolph L. Hatfield
Selenophosphate Synthetase 2 Is Essential For Selenoprotein Biosynthesis, Xue-Ming Xu, Bradley A. Carlson, Robert Irons, Heiko Mix, Nianxin Zhong, Vadim Gladyshev, Dolph L. Hatfield
Vadim Gladyshev Publications
Selenophosphate synthetase (SelD) generates the selenium donor for selenocysteine biosynthesis in eubacteria. One homologue of SelD in eukaryotes is SPS1 (selenophosphate synthetase 1) and a second one, SPS2, was identified as a selenoprotein in mammals. Earlier in vitro studies showed SPS2, but not SPS1, synthesized selenophosphate from selenide, whereas SPS1 may utilize a different substrate. The roles of these enzymes in selenoprotein synthesis in vivo remain unknown. To address their function in vivo, we knocked down SPS2 in NIH3T3 cells using small interfering RNA and found that selenoprotein biosynthesis was severely impaired, whereas knockdown of SPS1 had no effect. …
Identification And Characterization Of Fep15, A New Selenocysteine-Containing Member Of The Sep15 Protein Family, Sergey V. Novoselov, Deame Hua, A. V. Lobanov, Vadim N. Gladyshev
Identification And Characterization Of Fep15, A New Selenocysteine-Containing Member Of The Sep15 Protein Family, Sergey V. Novoselov, Deame Hua, A. V. Lobanov, Vadim N. Gladyshev
Vadim Gladyshev Publications
Sec (selenocysteine) is a rare amino acid in proteins. It is co-translationally inserted into proteins at UGA codons with the help of SECIS (Sec insertion sequence) elements. A full set of selenoproteins within a genome, known as the selenoproteome, is highly variable in different organisms. However, most of the known eukaryotic selenoproteins are represented in the mammalian selenoproteome. In addition, many of these selenoproteins have cysteine orthologues. Here, we describe a new selenoprotein, designated Fep15, which is distantly related to members of the 15 kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) family. Fep15 is absent in mammals, can be detected only in fi sh …
Identification Of Trace Element-Containing Proteins In Genomic Databases, Vadim N. Gladyshev, Gregory V. Kryukov, Dmitri E. Fomenko, Dolph L. Hatfield
Identification Of Trace Element-Containing Proteins In Genomic Databases, Vadim N. Gladyshev, Gregory V. Kryukov, Dmitri E. Fomenko, Dolph L. Hatfield
Vadim Gladyshev Publications
Development of bioinformatics tools provided researchers with the ability to identify full sets of trace element–containing proteins in organisms for which complete genomic sequences are available. Recently, independent bioinformatics methods were used to identify all, or almost all, genes encoding selenocysteine-containing proteins in human, mouse, and Drosophila genomes, characterizing entire selenoproteomes in these organisms. It also should be possible to search for entire sets of other trace element–associated proteins, such as metal-containing proteins, although methods for their identification are still in development.